scholarly journals An Analysis of the Effectiveness of Two Rainwater Harvesting Systems Located in Central Eastern Europe

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Stec ◽  
Martina Zeleňáková
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Practical Aspect ◽  
Financial Ratios ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Toilet Flushing ◽  
Harvesting Systems ◽  
The Impact

Decentralized water systems are perceived as solutions that not only save water, but also as a way to partially or completely become independent from centralized suppliers. Taking this into account, an analysis of the effectiveness of rainwater harvesting systems (RWHS) for toilet flushing in existing academic facilities located in Poland and in Slovakia was carried out. The tests took into account the different volumes of storage tanks collecting rainwater. On the basis of two financial ratios, namely Net Present Value and Discounted Payback Period, the profitability of these systems was also assessed. The research was extended by the sensitivity analysis, which allowed determination of the impact of changes in individual cost components on the financial effectiveness of the investments considered. The results obtained clearly showed that the implementation of RWHS in the dormitory in Rzeszów was unprofitable for all tank capacities tested, and the payback period significantly exceeded the period of 30 years accepted for the analysis. Completely different results were obtained for RWHS in a dormitory located in the city of Košice, for which the financial ratios NPV (Net Present Value) and DPP (Discounted Payback Period) were very favorable. It was also confirmed by the results of the sensitivity analysis. The use of rainwater for toilet flushing caused that it was possible to achieve water savings of an average of 29% and 18%, respectively, for facilities located in Slovakia and Poland. The results of the research have a practical aspect and can provide an indication for potential investors and managers of academic facilities, similar to those analyzed in the article. Taking into account that in many countries water and sewage rates are significantly higher than in Poland and Slovakia, the cost-effectiveness of using the analyzed installation options in these countries could be even higher.

scholarly journals Sensitivity Analysis of Decorative Plant Business in Kendari City (Case Study on Dahlia Ornamental Plant Business)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Rabiatul Adawiah Gasnawati ◽  
Abdi Abdi ◽  
Awaluddin Hamzah
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Internal Rate Of Return ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Benefit Ratio

The purpose of this study was to determine the sensitivity of ornamental plant business in Kendari City as a case study on dahlia ornamental plant business. This research was conducted in Kendari City which was determined purposively on the dahlia ornamental plant business. The research was conducted from July to November 2019. The analysis used in this study is an analysis of efficiency and income consisting of net present value (NPV) income benefit ratio (NBCR), internal rate of return (IRR), payback period (PBP). The results of the sensitivity analysis of ornamental plant businesses with increased production costs by 5% and selling prices decreased by 5%, the value of the NPV, NBCR, IRR and payback period shows a good value so that the ornamental plant business is feasible to be cultivated because it can return all investment costs used

scholarly journals Analisis Usaha Agroindustri Minuman Tradisional Kunyit Asam di Paon Jamu (Curcuma domestica Val. – Tamarindus indica L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Luh Putu Melia Dewi ◽  
Sri Mulyani ◽  
I Ketut Satriawan
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Internal Rate Of Return ◽  
Tamarindus Indica ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Operational Costs ◽  
Business Analysis

Paon Jamu traditional beverage business is one of the traditional beverage businesses in the Tanjung Benoa area. Judging from the development of his business, Paon Jamu is one of the businesses that have just been established including many similar traditional beverage businesses. This study aims to determine the financial feasibility of the tamarind turmeric beverage business, determine the added value generated, determine the feasibility of a tamarind turmeric beverage business if there is an increase in operational costs and a decrease in revenue using a sensitivity analysis. Tamarind turmeric beverage business is feasible to run, the Net Present Value result is Rp. 6.144.470 for 300 ml packaging. Internal Rate of Return of 13% for 300 ml packaging and 14% indicates that the rate of return is greater than the specified bank interest rate. Payback Period for 2 years 5 months for 300 ml packaging. The B / C ratio is 1,42 for 300 ml packages. The added value of the business of turmeric acid is the added value obtained is Rp. 49.416 for a 300 ml package with a ratio of 47% The sensitivity analysis scenario shows that 300 ml package is sensitive to a 3 and 4% reduction in income in scenario II and III. Keywords: Tamarind turmeric, business analysis, Paon Jamu

scholarly journals Investment feasibility analysis of rainwater harvesting in a building in Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1497-1504 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Ghisi ◽  
L. P. Thives ◽  
R. F. W. Paes
Keyword(s):  
Potable Water ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Feasibility Analysis ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Internal Rate Of Return ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Water Savings ◽  
Internal Rate

Abstract The objective of this study is to assess the investment feasibility analysis of rainwater harvesting in a building located in Brazil. Rainwater was used to supply toilets, cleaning and irrigation. The costs of materials, labour and maintenance were obtained to carry out the economic analysis; the indicators used were the net present value, internal rate of return and payback period. The investment feasibility analysis and the potential for potable water savings were obtained by means of computer simulation. The potential for potable water savings ranged from 26.70% to 64.70%. The net present value, internal rate of return and payback period for the best scenario were, respectively, R$132,801.47, 3.73% per month and 32 months. For the worst scenario the net present value was R$9,451.26, the internal rate of return was 0.91% per month and the payback period was 166 months. Thus, rainwater can be used as a sustainable alternative and be financially feasible.

scholarly journals ANALISIS INVESTASI PROYEK PENGADAAN CT-SCANNER TERHADAP PENDAPATAN PERUSAHAAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Indri Gustirani
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Interest Rate ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Scenario Analysis ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Ct Scanner ◽  
Present Value

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelayakan investasi CT-Scanner terhadap pendapatan perusahaan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi kasus yaitu dengan menganalisis  dan estimasi jumlah pasien yang akan menggunakan CT-Scanner dengan menggunakan Metode Eksponential Smoothing with Trend Adjustment; menganalisis jumlah pendapatan yang diterima perusahaan dan biaya yang ditanggung oleh perusahaan termasuk biaya penyusutan atas peralatan tersebut; menganalisis kelayakan investasi dengan menggunakan perhitungan atas Net Present Value NPV), Interest Rate of Return (IRR), Payback Period, dan Profitability Index (PI); dan menganalisis risiko investasi dengan menggunakan metode sensitivity analysis, scenario analysis, dan break-even cashflow.. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa investasi CT Scan layak untuk dilaksanakan dengan menghasilkan pendapatan perusahaan sebesar Rp 3.106.732.785,- dan rumah sakit sebesar Rp 1.672.856.115, serta proyeksi arus kas sebesar Rp  1.724.082.518,- pada tahun ke-10.

scholarly journals ANALISIS INVESTASI PROYEK PENGADAAN CT-SCANNER TERHADAP PENDAPATAN PERUSAHAAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Indri Gustirani
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Interest Rate ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Scenario Analysis ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Ct Scanner ◽  
Present Value

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelayakan investasi CT-Scanner terhadap pendapatan perusahaan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi kasus yaitu dengan menganalisis  dan estimasi jumlah pasien yang akan menggunakan CT-Scanner dengan menggunakan Metode Eksponential Smoothing with Trend Adjustment; menganalisis jumlah pendapatan yang diterima perusahaan dan biaya yang ditanggung oleh perusahaan termasuk biaya penyusutan atas peralatan tersebut; menganalisis kelayakan investasi dengan menggunakan perhitungan atas Net Present Value NPV), Interest Rate of Return (IRR), Payback Period, dan Profitability Index (PI); dan menganalisis risiko investasi dengan menggunakan metode sensitivity analysis, scenario analysis, dan break-even cashflow.. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa investasi CT Scan layak untuk dilaksanakan dengan menghasilkan pendapatan perusahaan sebesar Rp 3.106.732.785,- dan rumah sakit sebesar Rp 1.672.856.115, serta proyeksi arus kas sebesar Rp  1.724.082.518,- pada tahun ke-10.

scholarly journals Economics of Distributed Power Generation via Gasification of Biomass and Municipal Solid Waste

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 3703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natarianto Indrawan ◽  
Betty Simkins ◽  
Ajay Kumar ◽  
Raymond L. Huhnke
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Rural Electrification ◽  
Internal Rate Of Return ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Internal Rate

More than one billion people worldwide still lack access to electricity. Rural electrification via gasification has the potential to satisfy electricity access and demand. This study conducts an economic evaluation of rural electrification through gasification of biomass and municipal solid waste (MSW) using a 60 kW downdraft gasifier, developed at Oklahoma State University. The effects of feedstock cost, electricity selling price, feed-in-tariff, tipping fee, tax rate, and the output power are evaluated using major financial parameters: the net present value, internal rate of return, modified internal rate of return, simple payback period, and discounted payback period, and sensitivity analysis. Results show that the downdraft gasification power system offers a payback period of 7.7 years, while generating an internal rate of return, modified internal rate of return, and net present value of 10.9%, 7.7%, and $84,550, respectively. Results from a sensitivity analysis indicate that the feed-in-tariff has the greatest positive contribution to the project’s net present value. Using MSW, the gasification power system potentially reduces carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur dioxide emissions as compared to direct combustion and landfill. The technology provides a promising future for rural electrification utilizing biomass and MSW whilst offering economic and environmental benefits for local communities.

scholarly journals ІННОВАЦІЇ ЯК ОСНОВНИЙ ВАЖІЛЬ СУБ'ЄКТА ГОСПОДАРЮВАННЯ В ПІДВИЩЕННІ ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНОЇ ПРИВАБЛИВОСТІ

2019 ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
E. Madiyarova ◽  
L. Sorokina ◽  
G. Kunafina ◽  
G. Islyam
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Process Equipment ◽  
Initial Moment ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Payback Time ◽  
The Impact

The problem of increasing the investment activity of an enterprise is quite relevant, since in a developing economy, investment is a financial resource, on the basis of which enterprises can build their long-term strategic policy. The purpose of the research was to develop methodological, scientific-practical recommendations for assessing and increasing the investment attractiveness of a service enterprise, taking into account the impact of innovative implementations. The object of research. The article focuses on the innovation of the process equipment of the installation for automatic heat treatment of welded joints by conducting a comparative analysis of the possibilities available. The hypothesis of the research.  The concept of the utility of investments may include the realization of investment goals that are different from the only possible behavior of an economic agent in the neoclassical theory of goal — maximizing profit or income. The methods used of the research were the practical side of the built relationship between the population and authorities at all levels. The statement of basic materials. The actual implementation of the obtained research results determines the novelty of the type of service on the Kazakhstan market, in particular, the city of Ust-Kamenogorsk and the East Kazakhstan region. In addition, the article recommends ways to improve the efficiency of the research object, allowing to obtain a significant economic effect and investment attractiveness of the business entity, the presented project is beneficial and expedient for implementation in the production process. The originality and practical significance of the research. The effectiveness of the project can be determined by calculating the net present value of the project, the profitability index and the payback period of the project. Conclusions. The payback period, taking into account discounting, is the period from the initial moment to the “payback time, including discounting.” The payback time with discounting is the earliest time in the billing period, after which the net present value of the investment becomes, and in the future remains non-negative.

scholarly journals Investment appraisal of a plantation establishment for intensive apple production

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Apáti ◽  
J. Felföldi
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Plantation Establishment ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Investment Appraisal ◽  
Investment Cost ◽  
Apple Production ◽  
On Farm

For fruits, establishing intensive apple-orchards requires the highest amount of investment cost, while the returns depend on many factors. Based on farm and bibliography data we appraised an investment in a model in some variations that are the most used in practice (100% owner's capital and 55% owner's capital +45%o subsidies). The profitability of the investment has been analysed using the methods of NPV (Net Present Value) and DPP (Dynamic Payback Period). The essence of our analysis is a sensitivity analysis with the optimistic, pessimistic and realistic combinations of the yield and the market price. Plantation establishment financed by only own (corporate's) sources turns into profitable over 7-10 years in average and favourable cases, but the opposite is the case in unfavourable circumstances. By subsidy of 45% for investments, it is highly possible to return by the fifth or sixth year after the year of establishment, but it can return by the twelfth year even in unfavourable case.

Profitability of Various Timber Harvesting Systems as Affected by Product Sorting and Timber Stand Parameters

1986 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles R. Blinn ◽  
Steven A. Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Timber Harvesting ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Harvesting Systems ◽  
Stand Parameters ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Product Forms ◽  
Whole Tree

Abstract The decision-maker in a logging firm should be keenly aware of what product-sorting intensity to select in order to maximize profitability and how stand parameters will affect profitability within any given logging chance. Computer simulation was used to examine the impact of various timber stand parameters on profitability of five timber harvesting systems operating under three product-sorting intensities. For the five harvesting systems assessed, felling and processing were accomplished manually and/or mechanically, and material was transported to a landing with forwarders or skidders. The study included both roundwood and whole-tree chips product forms. The forwarding system appears to be a profitable timber harvesting system, yielding the highest profitability index values under product sorting. The forwarding and whole-tree chip systems showed the highest profitability under a pulpwood-only harvest. The average number of trees per cord was most highly correlated with net present value for all roundwood harvesting systems. Net present value for the whole-tree chip system was most strongly correlated with the average number of cords of pulpwood material per acre. North. J. Appl. For. 3:167-172, Dec. 1986.

scholarly journals KELAYAKAN FINANSIAL DAN ANALISIS NILAI TAMBAH PADA PENGOLAHAN BIJI KAKAO KUPAS TANPA SANGRAI DI UD. HARTA SARI SELEMADEG TABANAN BALI

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 374
Author(s):  
Putu Agung Sujud Rama Krishna ◽  
Luh Putu Wrasiati ◽  
G.P Ganda Putra
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Feasibility Analysis ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Internal Rate Of Return ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Cocoa Beans ◽  
Financial Feasibility

Peeled without roasting cocoa beans is a new product at UD. Harta Sari and still not so much (15%) of the total production per year of production. The purpose of the study is to, determine the financial feasibility of the peeled beans non roasting business, determine the value added of processing, and determine the business feasibility of peeled beans non roasting if there is an increase in operational costs and a decrease in income using sensitivity analysis. Financial feasibility analysis uses quantitative descriptive analysis using calculations profit and loss, Net Present Value, Internal Rate of Return, Net B/C Ratio, Payback Period, and Break Event Point, and Value added analysis using Hayami method. The results showed that financial feasibility analysis that is Net Present Value of Rp. 56,933,644. Internal Rate of Return of 5.49%. Payback Period for 3 year 10 months, and Net B/C Ratio of 1.32. It is based on added value obtained from the processing of peeled cocoa beans non roasting is Rp.  6,250/Kg. The business of peeled cocoa beans non roasting as a whole is profitable with a net profit of Rp. 78,231,000 of year and worth developing. Sensitivity analysis indicates that an increase in operational cost of 2.5% and a 1.5% revenue decrease does not affect the feasibility of the project. Based on the results of research on the business of peeled cocoa beans non roasting is feasible. Keywords : cocoa, financial feasibility, value added

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