scholarly journals Spatial and Seasonal Distribution and Transportation of Different Forms of Phosphorus in the Middle Reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolong Cheng ◽  
Yanan Huang ◽  
Xunchi Pu ◽  
Ruidong An ◽  
Wendian Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Organic Phosphorus ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Overlying Water ◽  
Total Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Yarlung Zangbo River

The Yarlung Zangbo River basin ecosystem is fragile. The distribution and transportation of phosphorus is of great significance for aquatic environmental protection and ecological security. The sequential extraction method and molybdenum antimony anti-spectrophotometry were used to measure the concentrations of different forms of phosphorus in the surface sediments from 15 sampling sites along the middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River and its tributaries. The results show that the total phosphorus concentration in the surface sediments is 194.0~540.7 mg/kg, which is mainly composed of inorganic phosphorus. The concentrations of various phosphorus forms ranked as calcium-bound phosphorus (355.6 ± 86.0 mg/kg) > soluble phosphorus (15.9 ± 10.0 mg/kg) > iron-bound phosphorus (12.4 ± 12.3 mg/kg) > organic phosphorus (9.6 ± 6.1 mg/kg) > occluded phosphorus (9.2 ± 3.8 mg/kg) > aluminum-bound phosphorus (5.4 ± 2.3 mg/kg). On the whole, phosphorus concentration is greater in wet season than dry season. Regarding the spatial distribution characteristics, there are great disparities in the different forms of phosphorus in the middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River. Comprehensive analysis shows that phosphorus of this area is mainly self-generated, and concentration of bioavailable phosphorus is small, demonstrating there will not be a large release. We also drew a “specific triangle” of the different forms of phosphorus concentrations in the research area and defined the “α” angle to determine the nutrient status of the overlying water quickly and effectively. Finally, phosphorus flux of the mainstream was estimated. This research may provide information on the phosphorus of Plateau Rivers.

scholarly journals Characteristics and Distribution of Organic Phosphorus Fractions in the Surface Sediments of the Inflow Rivers around Hongze Lake, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Wan ◽  
Xuyin Yuan ◽  
Lei Han ◽  
Hongmeng Ye ◽  
Xiaofan Yang
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Organic Phosphorus ◽  
River Sediments ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Risk Effects ◽  
Hongze Lake ◽  
Bioavailable Fraction ◽  
The Impact

In this study, the characteristics and distribution of the organic phosphorus (Po) fractions in the surface sediments of seven inflow rivers around Hongze Lake in China were analyzed with a soil Po fraction method, as used by Ivanoff. The relationships between the Po fractions and physiochemical features of sediments were also discussed. The results showed that, the sediments of the rivers had been moderately pollution with certain ecological risk effects except the Waste Yellow River. The relative contribution order of the Po fractions in the sediments was residual Po > HCl-Po > fulvic acid-Po > humic acid-Po > labile organic phosphorus (LOP). Moderately labile organic phosphorus (MLOP) was the main part of the Po forms in the whole sediments. The risk of phosphorus released from river sediments was the highest in the western region, followed by the southwestern region, and finally the northwestern region. There were significant correlations between Po forms and total phosphorus (TP), inorganic phosphorus (Pi), and Po. Non labile organic phosphorus (NLOP) had the strongest correlation with TP. The distribution of Po forms in each region was different due to the impact of human activities, industrial and agricultural production and the land types; the heaver polluted sediments with higher Po fractions. It is suggested that most of the sediments of the inflow rivers in the regions have certain ecological risk effects and P of them have an important contributions on the eutrophication of Hongze Lake. Po forms can provide a reliable theoretical basis for dealing with the change of water quality and should be paid more attention in the lake eutrophication investigation. There was reciprocal transformation between different Po forms, especially non-bioavailable fraction can change into bio-available ones. The results can provide a basis for the earth cycle of phosphorus and a new perspective of eutrophication control of shallow lakes.

scholarly journals A novel submerged Rotala rotundifolia, its growth characteristics and remediation potential for eutrophic waters

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaoguang Gu ◽  
Feifei Li ◽  
Jibo Xiao ◽  
Shuyi Chu ◽  
Shuang Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Overlying Water ◽  
Total Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Submerged Aquatic Plant ◽  
Nitrogen Contents

Abstract The vegetative growth and remediation potential of Rotala rotundifolia, a novel submerged aquatic plant, for eutrophic waters were investigated on different sediments, and under a range of nitrogen concentrations. Rotala Rotundifolia grew better on silt than on sand and gravel in terms of plant height, tiller number and biomass accumulation. Percent increment of biomass was enhanced at low water nitrogen (ammonium nitrogen concentration ≤10 mg/L). The maximum total nitrogen and total phosphorus removals in the overlying water were between 54% to 66% and 42% to 57%, respectively. Nitrogen contents in the sediments increased with increasing water nitrogen levels, whereas, nitrogen contents in the plant tissues showed no apparent regularity, and the greatest value was obtained at ammonium nitrogen concentration 15 mg/L. Both phosphorus contents in the sediments and tissues of plants were not affected significantly by additional nitrogen supply. Direct nitrogen uptake by plants was in the range of 16% to 39% when total phosphorus concentration was 1.0 mg/L. These results suggested that Rotala Rotundifolia can be used to effectively remove nitrogen and phosphorus in eutrophic waters.

Effects of drought, aging and phosphorus status on leaf acid phosphatase activity in wheat

1984 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 777 ◽  
Author(s):  
KD McLachlan
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Phosphorus Deficiency ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Plant Age ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Total Phosphorus Concentration

Wheat plants grown at two levels of phosphorus supply were subjected to drought or given adequate water. Acid phosphatase activities in the youngest fully expanded leaves, and inorganic and total phosphorus concentrations in the plant tops were determined at four stages of crop development. Phosphatase activity increased with plant age, with phosphorus deficiency and with drought. Inorganic phosphorus concentration decreased with plant age and phosphorus deficiency. Drought markedly decreased the inorganic phosphorus concentration in phosphorus sufficient plants but had little effect on the concentration in deficient plants. Total phosphorus concentration increased as the plants aged and was greatest where the plants were phosphorus sufficient and adequately watered. Drought markedly reduced the total phosphorus concentration in phosphorus sufficient plants, but had little effect on the total phosphorus concentration in deficient plants. Leaf acid phosphatase activity was related inversely to the inorganic phosphorus concentration in the plant tops. Changes in activity with aging, phosphorus supply and moisture stress were associated with changes in the inorganic phosphorus concentration. An argument is developed which indicates that a single 'critical value' separating sufficient from deficient plants, either for phosphatase activity, inorganic or total phosphorus concentration, is not practicable. Different values will be required for different stages of maturity. Complications introduced by drought and aging, through their effect on phosphorus concentration and enzyme activity, were overcome by developing phosphatase zymograms. Two bands were specifically associated with phosphorus deficient plants irrespective of plant age or moisture stress. The technique offers further opportunity for studies in phosphorus metabolism and shou!d provide a useful means of diagnosing phosphorus deficiency in field groRn plants.

Seasonal pattern and inferred phosphorus limitation of phytoplankton biomass in two tropical reservoirs in northern Australia

2000 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon A. Townsend
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Phytoplankton Biomass ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Temperate Lakes ◽  
Total Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
River Reservoir ◽  
Annual Range

Manton River Reservoir (MRR) and Darwin River Reservoir (DRR) are two small impoundments in the Australian wet/dry tropics. Over an eight-year period, chlorophyll a concentrations in the mixed layer averaged 3.6 µg L−1 in DRR, and 7.1 µg L−1 in MRR. The seasonal pattern of chlorophyll a at MRR was influenced by wet season wash-out (February average 4.8 µg L−1 ), and dry season destratification and nutrient enrichment of the surface waters (July average 8.4 mg L−1 ). In contrast, DRR exhibited near uniform chlorophyll a concentrations over the year. The seasonal patterns of DRR and MRR chlorophyll a are typical of tropical water bodies which tend to have a smaller annual range than temperate lakes, though this can be modified by significant wash-out. Empirical evidence suggests that the phytoplankton biomass of each reservoir is phosphorus limited, relative to the potential provided by other nutrients and light energy. This conclusion is based on a regression of total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations of pooled DRR and MRR data (P < 0.001; r2 = 0.90), and the high total-nitrogen to total-phosphorus concentration ratios (by weight) of 50 and 37 in DRR and MRR, respectively. Annual chlorophyll a and total phosphorus concentrations for both reservoirs are in accord with the OECD regression for temperate lakes and reservoirs.

Characterisation of phosphorus in sediments from waste stabilization ponds

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 257-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Gómez ◽  
J. Paing ◽  
C. Casellas ◽  
B. Picot
Keyword(s):  
Organic Phosphorus ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Release ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Sediment Surface ◽  
Particulate Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Iron Hydroxides ◽  
Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Waste Stabilization

The waste stabilization pond (WSP) systems are useful for the treatment of wastewater. Despite a good knowledge of these systems, the dynamics of phosphorus elimination in these systems are not well known, especially concerning the forms of phosphorus in the sediment. Phosphorus dynamics were studied with data collected from the three stabilization ponds of the Mèze (France) system. A conceptual model based on theoretical considerations was developed, and applied to each pond. The percentage of observed variation described by these models ranged between 46.2% and 74.1%. The results showed that the principal variables affecting orthophosphate in WSP systems were phosphorus input and particulate phosphorus. When the model was applied to high rate algal pond (HRAP) data, the role of photosynthesis on pH increase and P precipitation was clear. Sediments sampled in the three facultative ponds were characterised with a fractionation scheme, currently used for sediments of natural aquatic ecosystems. Inorganic phosphorus accounted for 92-94% of total sediment phosphorus, with 57–59% bound to iron hydroxides and 33–37% bound to calcium. Surprisingly, organic phosphorus represented only between 6 and 8%. Polyphosphate was detected. Phosphorus concentration was greatest in the sediment from the third pond, where an aerobic layer at the sediment surface prevented phosphorus release.

Rates of Accumulation of Phosphorus Forms in Lake Erie Sediments

1976 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 430-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. H. Williams ◽  
T. P. Murphy ◽  
T. Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Lake Erie ◽  
Organic Phosphorus ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Sedimentation Rates ◽  
Overlying Water ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Phosphorus Forms ◽  
Rate Of Sedimentation ◽  
Total Sedimentation

Six Lake Erie sediment cores from locations of widely different sedimentation rates show that rate of input and sedimentation of apatite phosphorus at a given locality has been approximately constant during the last few hundred years relative to total sedimentation rate at the same locality. Apatite is not a significant source of soluble phosphorus for Lake Erie. By contrast, rate of sedimentation of nonapatite inorganic phosphorus (NAIP) and organic phosphorus has steadily increased in accordance with increased loadings in recent years of the source material, namely phosphorus of anthropogenic origin. The rate of sedimentation of these two forms of phosphorus at a given locality varied greatly within the lake, and was greatest where the most fine-grained sediments were accumulating. It was concluded that the sediments of Lake Erie contain sufficient orthophosphate-retaining sites to prevent major regeneration of phosphate under any conceivable condition provided the overlying water remains oxic.

The effects of organic and inorganic phosphorus concentration on the acid phosphatase activity of ectomycorrhizal fungi

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 750-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn J. Kroehler ◽  
Robert K. Antibus ◽  
Arthur E. Linkins
Keyword(s):  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Organic Phosphorus ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Axenic Culture ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Cenococcum Geophilum ◽  
Available Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Substrate Hydrolysis

Kinetic constants (Km and Vmax) were determined for surface and extracellular soluble acid phosphatases produced by two ectomycorrhizal fungi (Cenococcum geophilum Fr. and Entoloma sericeum (Bull, ex Merat) Quel.) grown in axenic culture at 2 or 50 μM KH2PO4 or sodium inositol hexaphosphate. Results for cultures supplied inorganic phosphorus were similar to those supplied organic phosphorus: surface Vmax estimates were significantly greater for 2 than for 50 μM grown isolates. The presence of constitutive extracellular soluble phosphatase activity resulted in the appearance of inorganic phosphate in media initially supplied with organic phosphorus, suggesting substrate hydrolysis in excess of phosphate uptake. No consistent relationship was found between apparent Km estimates and phosphorus treatments. The two species had surface phosphatase Vmax values differing by as much as two orders of magnitude. The magnitude of the response to phosphorus treatment differed among isolates. The response of phosphatases to changes in phosphorus at concentrations comparable with soil solution phosphorus supports the hypothesis that levels of available soil phosphorus may control ectomycorrhizal phosphatase production or activation.

Periphyton biomass and community composition in rivers of different nutrient status

1999 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 560-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Chételat ◽  
F R Pick ◽  
A Morin ◽  
P B Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Algal Biomass ◽  
Standing Stock ◽  
Water Velocity ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Overlying Water ◽  
Total Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Chl A

Epilithic periphyton was investigated in riffle zones of 13 rivers in southern Ontario and western Quebec to describe how algal biomass and community composition vary with nutrient concentration and water velocity during summer. Algal biomass (milligrams chlorophyll a (Chl a) per square metre) was strongly correlated with total phosphorus concentration (r2 = 0.56, p < 0.001) and conductivity (r2 = 0.71, p < 0.001) of the overlying water but unrelated to water velocity over the range of 10-107 cm·s-1. Differences in periphyton Chl a were associated with changes in biomass of Chlorophyta (r2 = 0.51, p = 0.001) and Bacillariophyta (r2 = 0.64, p < 0.001) and were not related to Rhodophyta and Cyanophyta biomass (p > 0.10). The relative proportions of taxonomic divisions varied with total standing stock. Percent Chlorophyta biomass increased with periphyton Chl a and was the largest fraction at moderately eutrophic sites. Rhodophyta contributed the most biomass at sites with the lowest Chl a. Cladophora, Melosira, and Audouinella biomasses were positively correlated with total phosphorus concentration over the range of 6-82 µg·L-1 (r2 = 0.39-0.64, p < 0.005), and these genera were dominant at sites with the highest nutrient concentrations.

Lake Paranoá, Brasília, Brazil: Integrated Management Plan for its Restoration

1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Paulino Mattos ◽  
Irene Guimarães Altafin ◽  
Hélio José de Freitas ◽  
Cristine Gobbato Brandão Cavalcanti ◽  
Vera Regina Estuqui Alves
Keyword(s):  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Algal Growth ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Cylindrospermopsis Raciborskii ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Total Phosphorus Concentration

Abstract Built in 1959, Lake Paranoá, in Brasilia, Brazil, has been undergoing an accelerated process of nutrient enrichment, due to inputs of inadequately treated raw sewage, generated by a population of 600,000 inhabitants. Consequently, it shows high nutrient content (40 µg/L of total phosphorus and 1800 µg/L of total nitrogen), low transparency (0.65 m) and high levels of chlorophyll a (65 µg/L), represented mainly by Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii and sporadic bloom of Microcystis aeruginosa, which is being combatted with copper sulphate. With the absence of seasonality and a vertical distribution which is not very evident, the horizontal pattern assumes great importance in this reservoir, in which five compartments stand out. Based on this segmentation and on the identification of the total phosphorus parameter as the limiting factor for algal growth, mathematical models were developed which demonstrate the need for advanced treatment of all the sewage produced in its drainage basin. With this, it is expected that a process of restoration will be initiated, with a decline in total phosphorus concentration to readings below 25 µg/L. Additional measures are proposed to accelerate this process.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document