scholarly journals Unauthorised Domestic Water Consumption in the City of Alicante (Spain): A Consideration of Its Causes and Urban Distribution (2005–2017)

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Álvaro-Francisco Morote ◽  
María Hernández-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
Domestic Water Consumption ◽  
Urban Distribution ◽  
The City

Non-domestic water consumption in the city of Alicante, Southern Spain (2000-2017): an exploration of trends and users

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Saeid Eslamian ◽  
Jorge Olcina ◽  
Antonio Manuel Rico ◽  
María Hernández ◽  
Álvaro Francisco Morote
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Southern Spain ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
Domestic Water Consumption ◽  
The City

scholarly journals Analysis and Comprehensive Evaluation of Water Use Efficiency in China

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenge Zhang ◽  
Xianzeng Du ◽  
Anqi Huang ◽  
Huijuan Yin
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
Projection Direction ◽  
Domestic Water Consumption ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Per Capita

Proper water use requires its monitoring and evaluation. An indexes system of overall water use efficiency is constructed here that covers water consumption per 10,000 yuan GDP, the coefficient of effective utilization of irrigation water, the water consumption per 10,000 yuan of industrial value added, domestic water consumption per capita of residents, and the proportion of water function zone in key rivers and lakes complying with water-quality standards and is applied to 31 provinces in China. Efficiency is first evaluated by a projection pursuit cluster model. Multidimensional efficiency data are transformed into a low-dimensional subspace, and the accelerating genetic algorithm then optimizes the projection direction, which determines the overall efficiency index. The index reveals great variety in regional water use, with Tianjin, Beijing, Hebei, and Shandong showing highest efficiency. Shanxi, Liaoning, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Henan, Shanxi, and Gansu also use water with high efficiency. Medium efficiency occurs in Inner Mongolia, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Jiangsu, Hainan, Qinghai, Ningxia, and Low efficiency is found for Anhui, Fujian, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, and Xinjiang. Tibet is the least efficient. The optimal projection direction is a* = (0.3533, 0.7014, 0.4538, 0.3315, 0.1217), and the degree of influence of agricultural irrigation efficiency, water consumption per industrial profit, water used per gross domestic product (GDP), domestic water consumption per capita of residents, and environmental water quality on the result has decreased in turn. This may aid decision making to improve overall water use efficiency across China.

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