scholarly journals A Wideband Piezoelectric Energy Harvester Design by Using Multiple Non-Uniform Bimorphs

Vibration ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Keshmiri ◽  
Nan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Vibrational Energy ◽  
Adomian Decomposition Method ◽  
Wide Frequency Range ◽  
Ambient Vibration ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Adomian Decomposition ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Operational Frequency

This paper presents an analytical approach for the development of a new wideband piezoelectric energy harvesting system. The proposed model is based on Adomian decomposition method to derive the dynamic response of the general non-uniform smart structures under external environmental excitations over a wide frequency domain efficiently harvesting the subsequent vibrational energy. The steady-state response of a nonlinearly tapered piezoelectric harvester subjected to harmonic base motion is obtained, and the higher potential electromechanical outputs compared with traditional uniform harvester are analytically derived. Afterward, a group of nonlinearly tapered cantilevers with the same volume and length but different taper ratios and surface bonded piezoelectric layers are assembled together in order to build a broadband piezoelectric energy harvester. Through numerical studies, it is proven that with the proposed non-uniform configuration, the new energy harvester design can function effectively and efficiently with high voltage output over a wide frequency range. The designed wideband harvester can automatically activate one of the non-uniform bimorphs to resonate at particular ambient vibration frequencies and eventually reach the maximum electromechanical output. Based on the proposed theoretical model, an optimum structural design for the wideband piezoelectric energy harvester in the required operational frequency range can be efficiently achieved.

scholarly journals The Effect of Axial Displacement of Magnets in Piezoelectric Energy Harvester

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.7) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Li Wah Thong ◽  
Yu Jing Bong ◽  
Swee Leong Kok ◽  
Roszaidi Ramlan
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Spectrum ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Vibrational Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Operational Frequency ◽  
And Performance

The utilization of vibration energy harvesters as a substitute to batteries in wireless sensors has shown prominent interest in the literature. Various approaches have been adapted in the energy harvesters to competently harvest vibrational energy over a wider spectrum of frequencies with optimize power output.   A typical bistable piezoelectric energy harvester, where the influence of magnetic field is induced into a linear piezoelectric cantilever, is designed and analyzed in this paper. The exploitations of the magnetic force specifically creates nonlinear response and bistability in the energy harvester that extends the operational frequency spectrum for optimize performance.  Further analysis on the effects of axial spacing displacement between two repulsive magnets of the harvester, in terms of x-axis (horizontal) and z-axis (vertical) on its natural resonant frequency and performance based on the frequency response curve are investigated for realizing optimal power output. Experimental results show that by selecting the optimal axial spacing displacement, the vibration energy harvester can be designed to produce maximized output power in an improved broadband of frequency spectrum.  

scholarly journals Load Resistance Optimization of a Broadband Bistable Piezoelectric Energy Harvester for Primary Harmonic and Subharmonic Behaviors

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sungryong Bae ◽  
Pilkee Kim
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Load Resistance ◽  
Oscillation Period ◽  
Ambient Vibration ◽  
Ambient Vibrations ◽  
Frequency Dependency ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Optimal Load ◽  
Bistable Energy Harvester

In this study, optimization of the external load resistance of a piezoelectric bistable energy harvester was performed for primary harmonic (period-1T) and subharmonic (period-3T) interwell motions. The analytical expression of the optimal load resistance was derived, based on the spectral analyses of the interwell motions, and evaluated. The analytical results are in excellent agreement with the numerical ones. A parametric study shows that the optimal load resistance depended on the forcing frequency, but not the intensity of the ambient vibration. Additionally, it was found that the optimal resistance for the period-3T interwell motion tended to be approximately three times larger than that for the period-1T interwell motion, which means that the optimal resistance was directly affected by the oscillation frequency (or oscillation period) of the motion rather than the forcing frequency. For broadband energy harvesting applications, the subharmonic interwell motion is also useful, in addition to the primary harmonic interwell motion. In designing such piezoelectric bistable energy harvesters, the frequency dependency of the optimal load resistance should be considered properly depending on ambient vibrations.

scholarly journals Modeling and Experiment of a V-Shaped Piezoelectric Energy Harvester

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Zhao ◽  
Yi Qin ◽  
Lei Guo ◽  
Baoping Tang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Frequency Band ◽  
Electromechanical Coupling ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Ambient Vibration ◽  
Piezoelectric Bimorph ◽  
Actual Structure ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Operation Frequency

Vibration-based energy harvesting technology is the most promising method to solve the problems of self-powered wireless sensor nodes, but most of the vibration-based energy harvesters have a rather narrow operation bandwidth and the operation frequency band is not convenient to adjust when the ambient frequency changes. Since the ambient vibration may be broadband and changeable, a novel V-shaped vibration energy harvester based on the conventional piezoelectric bimorph cantilevered structure is proposed, which successfully improves the energy harvesting efficiency and provides a way to adjust the operation frequency band of the energy harvester conveniently. The electromechanical coupling equations are established by using Euler-Bernoulli equation and piezoelectric equation, and then the coupled circuit equation is derived based on the series connected piezoelectric cantilevers and Kirchhoff's laws. With the above equations, the output performances of V-shaped structure under different structural parameters and load resistances are simulated and discussed. Finally, by changing the angle θ between two piezoelectric bimorph beams and the load resistance, various comprehensive experiments are carried out to test the performance of this V-shaped energy harvester under the same excitation. The experimental results show that the V-shaped energy harvester can not only improve the frequency response characteristic and the output performance of the electrical energy, but also conveniently tune the operation bandwidth; thus it has great application potential in actual structure health monitoring under variable working condition.

scholarly journals Feasibility of Wireless Horse Monitoring Using a Kinetic Energy Harvester Model

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1730
Author(s):  
Ben Van Herbruggen ◽  
Jaron Fontaine ◽  
Anniek Eerdekens ◽  
Margot Deruyck ◽  
Wout Joseph ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
Vibrational Energy ◽  
Average Power ◽  
Forward Direction ◽  
Accelerometer Data ◽  
Wireless Data ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Operational Lifetime ◽  
Monitoring Devices

To detect behavioral anomalies (disease/injuries), 24 h monitoring of horses each day is increasingly important. To this end, recent advances in machine learning have used accelerometer data to improve the efficiency of practice sessions and for early detection of health problems. However, current devices are limited in operational lifetime due to the need to manually replace batteries. To remedy this, we investigated the possibilities to power the wireless radio with a vibrational piezoelectric energy harvester at the leg (or in the hoof) of the horse, allowing perpetual monitoring devices. This paper reports the average power that can be delivered to the node by energy harvesting for four different natural gaits of the horse: stand, walking, trot and canter, based on an existing model for a velocity-damped resonant generator (VDRG). To this end, 33 accelerometer datasets were collected over 4.5 h from six horses during different activities. Based on these measurements, a vibrational energy harvester model was calculated that can provide up to 64.04 μW during the energetic canter gait, taking an energy conversion rate of 60% into account. Most energy is provided during canter in the forward direction of the horse. The downwards direction is less suitable for power harvesting. Additionally, different wireless technologies are considered to realize perpetual wireless data sensing. During horse training sessions, BLE allows continues data transmissions (one packet every 0.04 s during canter), whereas IEEE 802.15.4 and UWB technologies are better suited for continuous horse monitoring during less energetic states due to their lower sleep current.

Nonlinear Dynamics of Piezoelectric Cantilever Energy Converters Through Perturbation Theory and Experimental Analysis

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo S. Varoto ◽  
Andreza T. Mineto
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Resonance Condition ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Ambient Vibration ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Structural Nonlinearities ◽  
Beam Type ◽  
Tip Mass

It is known that the best performance of a given piezoelectric energy harvester is usually limited to excitation at its fundamental resonance frequency. If the ambient vibration frequency deviates slightly from this resonance condition then the electrical power delivered is drastically reduced. One possible way to increase the frequency range of operation of the harvester is to design vibration harvesters that operate in the nonlinear regime. The main goal of this article is to discuss the potential advantages of introducing nonlinearities in the dynamics of a beam type piezoelectric vibration energy harvester. The device is a cantilever beam partially covered by piezoelectric material with a magnet tip mass at the beam’s free end. Governing equations of motion are derived for the harvester considering the excitation applied at its fixed boundary. Also, we consider the nonlinear constitutive piezoelectric equations in the formulation of the harvester’s electromechanical model. This model is then used in numerical simulations and the results are compared to experimental data from tests on a prototype. Numerical as well as experimental results obtained support the general trend that structural nonlinearities can improve the harvester’s performance.

Energy Harvesting Characteristics of Conical Shells

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Li ◽  
S. D. Hu ◽  
H. S. Tzou
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Conical Shell ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Ambient Vibration ◽  
Circular Membrane ◽  
Shell Surface ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy

Piezoelectric energy harvesting has experienced significant growth over the past few years. Various harvesting structures have been proposed to convert ambient vibration energies to electrical energy. However, these harvester’s base structures are mostly beams and some plates. Shells have great potential to harvest more energy. This study aims to evaluate a piezoelectric coupled conical shell based energy harvester system. Piezoelectric patches are laminated on the conical shell surface to convert vibration energy to electric energy. An open-circuit output voltage of the conical energy harvester is derived based on the thin-shell theory and the Donnel-Mushtari-Valsov theory. The open-circuit voltage and its derived energy consists of four components respectively resulting from the meridional and circular membrane strains, as well as the meridional and circular bending strains. Reducing the surface of the harvester to infinite small gives the spatial energy distribution on the shell surface. Then, the distributed modal energy harvesting characteristics of the proposed PVDF/conical shell harvester are evaluated in case studies. The results show that, for each mode with unit modal amplitude, the distribution depends on the mode shape, harvester location, and geometric parameters. The regions with high strain outputs yield higher modal energies. Accordingly, optimal locations for the PVDF harvester can be defined. Also, when modal amplitudes are specified, the overall energy of the conical shell harvester can be calculated.

Energy Harvesting From Broadband Random Vibrations: Comparison of Single-Mode and Multi-Mode Electroelastic Solutions

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sihong Zhao ◽  
Alper Erturk
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
White Noise ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Vibrational Energy ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Random Excitation ◽  
Distributed Parameter ◽  
Random Vibrations ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Multi Mode

Vibration-based energy harvesting has been heavily researched over the last decade with a primary focus on resonant excitation. However, ambient vibrational energy often has broader frequency content than a single harmonic, and in many cases it is entirely stochastic. As compared to the literature of deterministic energy harvesting, very few authors presented modeling approaches for energy harvesting from broadband random vibrations. These efforts have combined the input statistical information with the single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) dynamics of the energy harvester to express the statistical electromechanical response characteristics. In most cases, the motion input (base acceleration) is assumed to be ideal white noise. White noise has a flat power spectral density (PSD) that might in fact excite higher vibration modes of an electroelastic energy harvester. In particular, piezoelectric energy harvesters constitute such continuous electroelastic systems with more than one vibration mode. This paper presents modeling and simulations of piezoelectric energy harvesting from broadband random vibrations based on distributed-parameter electroelastic solution. For white noise–type base acceleration of a given PSD level, first the general solution of the distributed-parameter problem is given. Closed-form representations are extracted for the single-mode case and these are analogous to the SDOF equations reported in the literature of energy harvesting. It is reported that the single-mode predictions might result in significant mismatch as compared to multi-mode predictions. Using the electroelastic solution, soft and hard piezoelectric power generators are compared under broadband random excitation. Shunt damping effect of power generation on the stochastic vibration response under broadband random excitation is also reported.

scholarly journals A Dual Resonance Electromagnetic Vibration Energy Harvester for Wide Harvested Frequency Range with Enhanced Output Power

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 7675
Author(s):  
Zhijie Feng ◽  
Han Peng ◽  
Yong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Relative Displacement ◽  
Wide Frequency Range ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Resonance Frequencies ◽  
Dual Resonance

A dual resonance vibration electromagnetic energy harvester (EMEH) is proposed in this paper to extend frequency range. Compared with the conventional dual resonance harvester, the proposed system realizes an enhanced “band-pass” harvesting characteristic by increasing the relative displacement between magnet and coil among two resonance frequencies with a significant improvement in the average harvested power. Furthermore, two resonant frequencies are decoupled in the proposed system, which leads to a more straightforward design. The proposed dual resonance EMEH is constructed with a tubular dual spring-mass structure. It is designed with a serpentine planar spring and the coil position is optimized for higher power density with an overall size of 53.9 cm3 for the dual resonance EMEH. It realizes an output power of 11 mW at the first resonant frequency of 58 Hz, 14.9 mW at the second resonant frequency of 74.5 Hz, and 0.52 mW at 65 Hz, which is in the middle of the two resonance frequencies. The frequency range of output power above 0.5 mW is from 55.8 Hz to 79.1 Hz. The maximum normalized power density (NPD) reaches up to 2.77 mW/(cm3·g2). Compared with a single resonance harvester design under the same topology and outer dimension at a resonant frequency of 74.5 Hz, the frequency range in the proposed EMEH achieves more than a 2× times extension. The proposed dual resonance EMEH also has more than 2 times wider frequency range than other state-of-art wideband EMEHs. Therefore, the proposed dual resonance EMEH is demonstrated in this paper for a high maximum NPD and higher NPD over a wide frequency range.

Influence of Nonlinear Effects on a Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Device

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreza T. Mineto ◽  
Paulo S. Varoto
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Nonlinear Effects ◽  
Analytical Investigation ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Lumped Mass ◽  
Coupled Equations ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Electrical Power Output ◽  
Tip Mass

In this paper we present an analytical investigation of a nonlinear energy harvester device. The device is composed of a cantilever beam partially covered by piezoelectric ceramics in a bimorph configuration with a magnetic lumped mass attached to the beam’s free end. The model accounts for the nonlinearity coming from the piezoelectric constitutive equations in addition to the nonlinear effect arising from the magnetic field generated by the magnetic properties of the tip mass and additional magnetic sources in the vicinity of the beam. The electromechanical coupled equations are solved numerically through the initial value problems for ordinary differential equations. The electrical power output is calculated by varying the amplitude of the base acceleration, the distance between the magnets and the load resistor. The stability of the system is also investigated. From the numerical results it is found that the influence of the parameters investigated in the frequency range of operation of the device and the nonlinear effects present on the device energy harvester extend the useful frequency range of these.

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