scholarly journals Human Protoparvovirus DNA and IgG in Children and Adults with and without Respiratory or Gastrointestinal Infections

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 483
Author(s):  
Ushanandini Mohanraj ◽  
Maija Jokinen ◽  
Rajita Rayamajhi Thapa ◽  
Minna Paloniemi ◽  
Timo Vesikari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Cutaneous T Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Gastrointestinal Infections ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
First Time

Three human protoparvoviruses, bufavirus (BuV), tusavirus (TuV) and cutavirus (CuV), have recently been discovered in diarrheal stool. BuV has been associated with diarrhea and CuV with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, but there are hardly any data for TuV or CuV in stool or respiratory samples. Hence, using qPCR and IgG enzyme immunoassays, we analyzed 1072 stool, 316 respiratory and 445 serum or plasma samples from 1098 patients with and without gastroenteritis (GE) or respiratory-tract infections (RTI) from Finland, Latvia and Malawi. The overall CuV-DNA prevalences in stool samples ranged between 0–6.1% among our six patient cohorts. In Finland, CuV DNA was significantly more prevalent in GE patients above rather than below 60 years of age (5.1% vs 0.2%). CuV DNA was more prevalent in stools among Latvian and Malawian children compared with Finnish children. In 10/11 CuV DNA-positive adults and 4/6 CuV DNA-positive children with GE, no known causal pathogens were detected. Interestingly, for the first time, CuV DNA was observed in two nasopharyngeal aspirates from children with RTI and the rare TuV in diarrheal stools of two adults. Our results provide new insights on the occurrence of human protoparvoviruses in GE and RTI in different countries.

Molecular epidemiology of rhinoviruses in Cyprus over three consecutive seasons

2014 ◽  
Vol 143 (9) ◽  
pp. 1876-1883 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. RICHTER ◽  
E. NIKOLAOU ◽  
C. PANAYIOTOU ◽  
C. TRYFONOS ◽  
M. KOLIOU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Global Circulation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
And Control ◽  
First Time ◽  
Viral Respiratory

SUMMARYHuman rhinoviruses (HRVs) are widespread respiratory pathogens and a major cause of acute respiratory tract infections. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular epidemiology of rhinovirus infections in children in Cyprus over three consecutive winter seasons. From a total of 116 rhinovirus-positive samples, 68 were sequenced in the 5’-UTR and VP4/VP2 regions. Thirty-six (52·9%) samples were identified as HRV-A and 27 (39·7%) as HRV-C, with only five (7·4%) samples belonging to the HRV-B species. Of these, a total of 46 different genotypes were identified. In the VP2/VP4 phylogenetic tree all strains clustered in three different well-defined clades, whereas the 5’-UTR tree exhibited clades with a mixed clustering of HRV-A and HRV-C strains reflecting the evolutionary history of recombination between HRV-A and HRV-C that has been observed previously. In summary, a high intra- and inter-season diversity of HRV types was observed. Despite its geographical isolation the frequency of HRV species in Cyprus is comparable to that reported in other regions of the world supporting the concept of an unrestricted global circulation. This study assesses, for the first time, the epidemiology of rhinovirus infections in Cypriot children and will be helpful to clinicians and researchers interested in the treatment and control of viral respiratory tract infections.

Acute respiratory-tract infections and risk of first-time acute myocardial infarction

The Lancet ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 351 (9114) ◽  
pp. 1467-1471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph R Meier ◽  
Susan S Jick ◽  
Laura E Derby ◽  
Catherine Vasilakis ◽  
Hershel Jick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Acute Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
First Time

CD4+ cutaneous T-cell lymphoma cells express the p140–killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor

Blood ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 1388-1391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martine Bagot ◽  
Alessandro Moretta ◽  
Simona Sivori ◽  
Roberto Biassoni ◽  
Claudia Cantoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Killer Cell ◽  
T Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Cutaneous T Cell Lymphoma ◽  
T Helper Lymphocytes ◽  
Cd8 T Lymphocyte ◽  
A Minor ◽  
First Time

Tumor cells of patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) have the cell surface phenotype of mature T-helper lymphocytes, and it may be impossible to differentiate them from nonmalignant lymphocytes in skin and blood. Until now, no specific cell membrane marker of CTCL has been reported. In the current study, it is reported for the first time that CTCL cells express the major histocompatibility complex class I binding p140–killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, which has been described on a minor subset of natural killer lymphocytes and on a marginal circulating CD8+ T lymphocyte subset. Interestingly, the molecular characterization of this KIR expressed by CTCL allowed us to isolate a novel allelic form of p140–KIR3DL, resulting in 4 amino acid substitutions, 3 in the extracellular immunoglobulin-like domain of the protein and one in the cytoplasmic region. This finding is likely to be important both for the pathophysiology and for the clinical treatment of patients with CTCL.

scholarly journals Molecular Analysis ofHuman MetapneumovirusDetected in Patients with Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in Upper Egypt

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona S. Embarek Mohamed ◽  
Janine Reiche ◽  
Sonja Jacobsen ◽  
Amany G. Thabit ◽  
Mohamed S. Badary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Fusion Gene ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Viral Pathogen ◽  
Upper Egypt ◽  
Partial Fusion ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
First Time

Introduction. Since 2001, whenHuman metapneumovirus(HMPV) was isolated in the Netherlands, the virus has been detected in several continents. Although reports have confirmed the prevalence of HMPV worldwide, data from Egypt remain limited. HMPV plays an important role in respiratory tract infections in individuals of all ages particularly in children. This study was aimed at estimating the prevalence of HMPV in patients with community-acquired lower respiratory infection in Upper Egypt and characterizing the circulating Egyptian HMPV strains for the first time.Materials and Methods. From 2005 to 2008, respiratory samples from 520 patients were analyzed for the presence of HMPV by real-time RT-PCR. Molecular and phylogenetic analyses were performed on partial fusion gene sequences of HMPV-positive patients.Results. HMPV-positive patients were detected in 2007-2008. The overall infection rate was 4%, while 57% of the patients were children. Sequence analysis demonstrated circulation of subgroup B viruses with predominance of lineage B2. Nucleotide sequence identity within lineage B1 was 98.8%–99.7% and higher than that in lineage B2 (94.3%–100%). Three new amino acid substitutions (T223N, R229K, and D280N) of lineage B2 were observed.Conclusion. HMPV is a major viral pathogen in the Egyptian population especially in children. During 2007-2008, predominantly HMPV B2 circulated in Upper Egypt.

scholarly journals Human bocavirus found in children with lower respiratory tract infection

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (34) ◽  
Author(s):  
Collective Editorial team
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Human Bocavirus ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
First Time

A new parvovirus which causes lower respiratory tract infections in children has been identified for the first time, and has provisionally been called human bocavirus

scholarly journals Multiplex Tests for Respiratory Tract Infections: The Direct Utility of the FilmArray Respiratory Panel in Emergency Department

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Siyuan Yang ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Yunxia Tang ◽  
Fengting Yu ◽  
Chengjie Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Pathogen Detection ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Point Of Care Testing ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
First Time

Background. The FilmArray Respiratory Panel with multiplex targets for respiratory pathogens has been widely used and verified in clinical trials in special test settings. However, it is necessary to evaluate the panel’s performance at the point of care directly, in nonspecific test settings. Methods. Patients with respiratory tract infections were enrolled from among emergency department visitors, and all steps, including the collection of specimens and testing, were performed by our clinicians. Results. Among 270 patients, 196 (72.6%) patients were found to have one or more pathogens. For signal pathogen detection, influenza A virus had the highest rate of detection; 45 (16.7%) of the patients had two or more respiratory pathogens codetected, and most of the multiplex pathogens were rhinovirus/enterovirus codetected with Bordetella pertussis (17.8%). The information provided by the FilmArray had an impact on the prescription of antimicrobials, and there were differences in the rates of antibiotic prescriptions and anti-influenza prescriptions among patients. Conclusions. Use of the FilmArray by clinical staff was successfully implemented in the emergency department for the first time in China. The FilmArray has the potential for point-of-care testing in nonspecific settings.

scholarly journals The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown on Pediatric Infections—A Single-Center Retrospective Study

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Magdalena Grochowska ◽  
Dominika Ambrożej ◽  
Aneta Wachnik ◽  
Urszula Demkow ◽  
Edyta Podsiadły ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Infections ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
The Impact

Since the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak, many countries have introduced measures to limit the transmission. The data based on ICD-10 codes of lower respiratory tract infections and microbiological analysis of respiratory and gastrointestinal infections were collected. The retrospective five-year analysis of the medical records revealed a substantial decrease in respiratory tract infections during the pandemic year (from April 2020 to March 2021). We noted an 81% decline in the LRTI-associated hospital admissions based on the ICD-10 analysis (from a mean of 1170 admissions per year in the previous four years to 225 admissions between April 2020 through March 2021). According to microbiological analysis, there were 100%, 99%, 87%, and 47% drops in influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, rotavirus, and norovirus cases reported respectively during the pandemic season until April 2021 in comparison to pre-pandemic years. However, the prevalence of gastrointestinal bacterial infections was stable. Moreover, in August 2021, an unexpected rise in RSV-positive cases was observed. The measures applied during the COVID-19 pandemic turned out to be effective but also had a substantial contribution to the so-far stable epidemiological situation of seasonal infections.

scholarly journals Infectious diseases in Poland in 2017

2019 ◽  
pp. 135-150
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Sadkowska-Todys ◽  
Andrzej Zieliński ◽  
Mirosław P. Czarkowski
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Gastrointestinal Infections ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE OF THE WORK. The article contains an overview of epidemiological surveillance data on infectious diseases in Poland in 2017 with reference to data from 2016 and median from 2011-2015. This is another introductory article to the systematically conducted Epidemiological Chronicle of Epidemiological Review presenting the current epidemiological situation of selected infectious diseases. In justified cases, eg by cross-border threats, the study includes references to the epidemiological situation in other countries. MATERIAL AND METHODS. The source data for this study are the applications of doctors to the State Sanitary Inspection, which in the form of summary lists or individual notifications are forwarded to the Department of Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases and Surveillance of NIPH-PZH and after being prepared they are included in the bulletins “Infectious diseases and poisoning in Poland in 2017 “and” Protective vaccinations in Poland in 2017“. Data on deaths due to infectious diseases come from a list of the Department of Demographic and Labor Market Research of the Central Statistical Office. RESULTS AND THEIR DISCUSSION. Discussion of epidemiological data begins with the most prevalent diseases in Poland, which are upper respiratory tract infections and gastrointestinal infections. In the area of upper respiratory tract infections, attention is drawn to the increase in the number of reported cases in recent years, which may be at least partly related to the development of computerization of reports. The profile of gastrointestinal infections acquired in the non-hospital environment has been changing in recent years towards a clear predominance of infections with viral etiology in relation to bacterial infections. Regarding healthcareassociated infections, rotavirus infections predominate among children, and among adults, C. difficile infections constitute a serious, growing problem, which is largely associated with the use of antibiotics. Viral liver infections are still an important problem. B and C, and in 2017 also hepatitis A, which took the form of an epidemic. In other groups of diseases, there was no clear increase in threats compared to previous years. Despite a steady decline in incidence, tuberculosis has been the disease causing the highest number of deaths among infectious diseases for many years. In 2017, the highest number of deaths was caused by C. difficile infection.

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