scholarly journals Functional Characterization of Pepper Vein Banding Virus-Encoded Proteins and Their Interactions: Implications in Potyvirus Infection

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1037
Author(s):  
Pallavi Sabharwal ◽  
Handanahal S. Savithri
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Multifunctional Proteins ◽  
Intrinsically Disordered ◽  
Interaction Partners ◽  
Encoded Proteins ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Intracellular Fate

Pepper vein banding virus (PVBV) is a distinct species in the Potyvirus genus which infects economically important plants in several parts of India. Like other potyviruses, PVBV encodes multifunctional proteins, with several interaction partners, having implications at different stages of the potyviral infection. In this review, we summarize the functional characterization of different PVBV-encoded proteins with an emphasis on their interaction partners governing the multifunctionality of potyviral proteins. Intrinsically disordered domains/regions of these proteins play an important role in their interactions with other proteins. Deciphering the function of PVBV-encoded proteins and their interactions with cognitive partners will help in understanding the putative mechanisms by which the potyviral proteins are regulated at different stages of the viral life-cycle. This review also discusses PVBV virus-like particles (VLPs) and their potential applications in nanotechnology. Further, virus-like nanoparticle-cell interactions and intracellular fate of PVBV VLPs are also discussed.

scholarly journals Functional Characterization of Human Myosin-18A and its Interaction Partners

2012 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 570a
Author(s):  
Manuel H. Taft ◽  
Elmar Behrmann ◽  
Lena-Christin Weidemann ◽  
Stefan Raunser ◽  
Dietmar J. Manstein
Keyword(s):  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Interaction Partners

scholarly journals Viral Ubiquitin and Ubiquitin-Like Deconjugases—Swiss Army Knives for Infection

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1137
Author(s):  
Maria Grazia Masucci
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Posttranslational Modifications ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Viral Life Cycle ◽  
Cellular Proteins ◽  
Antiviral Defense ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Growing Body

Posttranslational modifications of cellular proteins by covalent conjugation of ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like polypeptides regulate numerous cellular processes that are captured by viruses to promote infection, replication, and spreading. The importance of these protein modifications for the viral life cycle is underscored by the discovery that many viruses encode deconjugases that reverse their functions. The structural and functional characterization of these viral enzymes and the identification of their viral and cellular substrates is providing valuable insights into the biology of viral infections and the host’s antiviral defense. Given the growing body of evidence demonstrating their key contribution to pathogenesis, the viral deconjugases are now recognized as attractive targets for the design of novel antiviral therapeutics.

The quest to achieve the detailed structural and functional characterization of CymA

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 1291-1294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo O. Louro ◽  
Catarina M. Paquete
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Shewanella Oneidensis ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Structural Behaviour ◽  
Metal Compounds ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
And Function

Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 is a sediment organism capable of dissimilatory reduction of insoluble metal compounds such as those of Fe(II) and Mn(IV). This bacterium has been used as a model organism for potential applications in bioremediation of contaminated environments and in the production of energy in microbial fuel cells. The capacity of Shewanella to perform extracellular reduction of metals is linked to the action of several multihaem cytochromes that may be periplasmic or can be associated with the inner or outer membrane. One of these cytochromes is CymA, a membrane-bound tetrahaem cytochrome localized in the periplasm that mediates the electron transfer between the quinone pool in the cytoplasmic membrane and several periplasmic proteins. Although CymA has the capacity to regulate multiple anaerobic respiratory pathways, little is known about the structure and functional mechanisms of this focal protein. Understanding the structure and function of membrane proteins is hampered by inherent difficulties associated with their purification since the choice of the detergents play a critical role in the protein structure and stability. In the present mini-review, we detail the current state of the art in the characterization of CymA, and add recent information on haem structural behaviour for CymA solubilized in different detergents. These structural differences are deduced from NMR spectroscopy data that provide information on the geometry of the haem axial ligands. At least two different conformational forms of CymA are observed for different detergents, which seem to be related to the micelle size. These results provide guidance for the discovery of the most promising detergent that mimics the native lipid bilayer and is compatible with biochemical and structural studies.

scholarly journals Order from Disorder with Intrinsically Disordered Peptide Amphiphiles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Jacoby ◽  
Merav Segal Asher ◽  
Tamara Ehm ◽  
Inbal Abutbul-Ionita ◽  
Hila Shinar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peptide Amphiphiles ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Biochemical Engineering ◽  
Micellar Phase ◽  
Ph Response ◽  
Intrinsically Disordered ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Intrinsically Disordered Peptide ◽  
Disordered Peptides

Amphiphilic molecules and their self-assembled structures have long been the target of extensive research due to their potential applications in fields ranging from materials design to biomedical and cosmetic applications. Increasing demands for functional complexity have been met with challenges in biochemical engineering, driving researchers to innovate in the design of new amphiphiles. An emerging class of molecules, namely, peptide amphiphiles, combines key advantages and circumvents some of the disadvantages of conventional phospholipids and block-copolymers. Herein, we present new peptide amphiphiles comprised of an intrinsically disordered peptide conjugated to two variants of hydrophobic dendritic domains. These molecules termed intrinsically disordered peptide amphiphiles (IDPA), exhibit a sharp pH-induced micellar phase-transition from low-dispersity spheres to extremely elongated worm-like micelles. We present an experimental characterization of the transition and propose a theoretical model to describe the pH-response. We also present the potential of the shape transition to serve as a mechanism for the design of a cargo hold-and-release application. Such amphiphilic systems demonstrate the power of tailoring the interactions between disordered peptides for various stimuli-responsive biomedical applications.

scholarly journals Order from Disorder with Intrinsically Disordered Peptide Amphiphiles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Jacoby ◽  
Merav Segal Asher ◽  
Tamara Ehm ◽  
Inbal Abutbul-Ionita ◽  
Hila Shinar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peptide Amphiphiles ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Biochemical Engineering ◽  
Micellar Phase ◽  
Ph Response ◽  
Intrinsically Disordered ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Intrinsically Disordered Peptide ◽  
Disordered Peptides

Amphiphilic molecules and their self-assembled structures have long been the target of extensive research due to their potential applications in fields ranging from materials design to biomedical and cosmetic applications. Increasing demands for functional complexity have been met with challenges in biochemical engineering, driving researchers to innovate in the design of new amphiphiles. An emerging class of molecules, namely, peptide amphiphiles, combines key advantages and circumvents some of the disadvantages of conventional phospholipids and block-copolymers. Herein, we present new peptide amphiphiles comprised of an intrinsically disordered peptide conjugated to two variants of hydrophobic dendritic domains. These molecules termed intrinsically disordered peptide amphiphiles (IDPA), exhibit a sharp pH-induced micellar phase-transition from low-dispersity spheres to extremely elongated worm-like micelles. We present an experimental characterization of the transition and propose a theoretical model to describe the pH-response. We also present the potential of the shape transition to serve as a mechanism for the design of a cargo hold-and-release application. Such amphiphilic systems demonstrate the power of tailoring the interactions between disordered peptides for various stimuli-responsive biomedical applications.

Structure and Functional Characterization of the Conserved JAK Interaction Region in the Intrinsically Disordered N-Terminus of SOCS5

Biochemistry ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (30) ◽  
pp. 4672-4682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indu R. Chandrashekaran ◽  
Biswaranjan Mohanty ◽  
Edmond M. Linossi ◽  
Laura F. Dagley ◽  
Eleanor W. W. Leung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Interaction Region ◽  
Intrinsically Disordered ◽  
N Terminus

scholarly journals Hydrolysis Process Optimization and Functional Characterization of Yak Skin Gelatin Hydrolysates

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Hui Yang ◽  
Yanting Xue ◽  
Jiaheng Liu ◽  
Shunyi Song ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Degree Of Hydrolysis ◽  
Foaming Properties ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Hydrolysis Process ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Central Composite

Yak (Bos grunniens) is an animal mainly living on the Tibetan Plateau. Yak skin is a valuable resource that is wasted in the meat production process. This study aimed to prepare yak skin gelatin hydrolysates (YSGH) from yak skin through enzymatic hydrolysis and investigate functional characterization of YSGH. We showed that trypsin was more effective than neutrase, papain, and pepsin in increasing the degree of hydrolysis (DH) of YSGH. The conditions of enzymatic hydrolysis were optimized using central composite design (CCD) and response surface method (RSM), and the highest DH value of 31.96% was obtained. We then analyzed the amino acid compositions and molecular weight distribution of peptides in YSGH. The obtained YSGH exhibited certain antioxidant activity and excellent ACE-inhibitory activity (IC50 = 0.991 mg/mL). In addition, the solubility (98.79%), emulsification, and foaming properties of YSGH developed here were also evaluated. With these physicochemical and biological functions, YSGH had potential applications in food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics as an ingredient.

scholarly journals Beyond classic editing: innovative CRISPR approaches for functional studies of long non-coding RNA

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dahlia A Awwad
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Manipulation ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Rna Targeting ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
And Function ◽  
Long Non Coding Rna

Abstract Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) makeup a considerable part of the non-coding human genome and had been well-established as crucial players in an array of biological processes. In spite of their abundance and versatile roles, their functional characteristics remain largely undiscovered mainly due to the lack of suitable genetic manipulation tools. The emerging CRISPR/Cas9 technology has been widely adapted in several studies that aim to screen and identify novel lncRNAs as well as interrogate the functional properties of specific lncRNAs. However, the complexity of lncRNAs genes and the regulatory mechanisms that govern their transcription, as well as their unique functionality pose several limitations the utilization of classic CRISPR methods in lncRNAs functional studies. Here, we overview the unique characteristics of lncRNAs transcription and function and the suitability of the CRISPR toolbox for applications in functional characterization of lncRNAs. We discuss some of the novel variations to the classic CRISPR/Cas9 system that have been tailored and applied previously to study several aspects of lncRNAs functionality. Finally, we share perspectives on the potential applications of various CRISPR systems, including RNA-targeting, in the direct editing and manipulation of lncRNAs.

scholarly journals Identification and functional characterization of effectors in expressed sequence tags from various life cycle stages of the potato cyst nematodeGlobodera pallida

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 815-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN T. JONES ◽  
AMAR KUMAR ◽  
LILIYA A. PYLYPENKO ◽  
AMARNATH THIRUGNANASAMBANDAM ◽  
LYDIA CASTELLI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Expressed Sequence Tags ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Life Cycle Stages ◽  
Expressed Sequence
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