scholarly journals Gammaherpesvirus in Cervid Species from Norway: Characterization of a New Virus in Wild and Semi-Domesticated Eurasian Tundra Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus)

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 876
Author(s):  
Carlos G. das Neves ◽  
Carlos Sacristán ◽  
Knut Madslien ◽  
Morten Tryland
Keyword(s):  
Dna Polymerase ◽  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus Tarandus ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Wild Reindeer

Gammaherpesvirus infections have been described in cervids worldwide, mainly the genera Macavirus or Rhadinovirus. However, little is known about the gammaherpesviruses species infecting cervids in Norway and Fennoscandia. Blood samples from semi-domesticated (n = 39) and wild (n = 35) Eurasian tundra reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus), moose (Alces alces, n = 51), and red deer (Cervus elaphus, n = 41) were tested using a panherpesvirus DNA polymerase (DPOL) PCR. DPOL-PCR-positive samples were subsequently tested for the presence of glycoprotein B (gB) gene. The viral DPOL gene was amplified in 28.2% (11/39) of the semi-domesticated reindeer and in 48.6% (17/35) of the wild reindeer. All moose and red deer tested negative. Additionally, gB gene was amplified in 4 of 11 semi-domesticated and 15 of 17 wild Eurasian reindeer DPOL-PCR-positive samples. All the obtained DPOL and gB sequences were highly similar among them, and corresponded to a novel gammaherpesvirus species, tentatively named Rangiferine gammaherpesvirus 1, that seemed to belong to a genus different from Macavirus and Rhadinovirus. This is the first report of a likely host-specific gammaherpesvirus in semi-domesticated reindeer, an economic and cultural important animal, and in wild tundra reindeer, the lastpopulation in Europe. Future studies are required to clarify the potential impact of this gammaherpesvirus on reindeer health.

Experimental infection of reindeer with Elaphostrongylus (Nematoda; Protostrongylidae) originating from reindeer, red deer, and moose

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 1200-1202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odd Halvorsen ◽  
Arne Skorping ◽  
Karstein Bye
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Infection ◽  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Alces Alces ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus Tarandus ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Arianta Arbustorum ◽  
Elaphostrongylus Rangiferi

To test the hypothesis that palearctic cervids are infected with several species of Elaphostrongylus, reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) calves were inoculated with third-stage larvae grown in Arianta arbustorum from first-stage larvae extracted from reindeer, red deer (Cervus elaphus atlanticus), and moose (Alces alces) feces. None of the five reindeer calves inoculated with larvae from red deer and none of the three reindeer calves inoculated with larvae from moose became infected. Twelve of the 14 reindeer calves inoculated with larvae from reindeer became infected. Infection was demonstrated by finding first-stage larvae in the feces and (or) by finding worms at necropsy. These results suggest that several species of Elaphostrongylus parasitize palearctic cervids. In view of our results and the need for further taxonomic work on the group, it is argued that the names Elaphostrongylus cervi and Elaphostrongylus rangiferi should be reserved for worms from red deer and reindeer, respectively. Worms from moose may belong to an undescribed species.

scholarly journals Venison: Meat from red deer (Cervus elaphus) and reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus)

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 55-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Wiklund ◽  
Mustafa Farouk ◽  
Greg Finstad
Keyword(s):  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus Tarandus

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Hepatitis E Virus in Moose (Alces alces), Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus), Red Deer (Cervus elaphus), Roe Deer (Capreolus capreolus), and Muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus) from Norway

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 224
Author(s):  
Carlos Sacristán ◽  
Knut Madslien ◽  
Irene Sacristán ◽  
Siv Klevar ◽  
Carlos G. das Neves
Keyword(s):  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Capreolus Capreolus ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Wild Ungulates ◽  
Ovibos Moschatus ◽  
Wild Reindeer

Hepatitis E virus (HEV), a major cause of viral hepatitis worldwide, is considered an emerging foodborne zoonosis in Europe. Pigs (Sus scrofa domestica) and wild boars (S. scrofa) are recognized as important HEV reservoirs. Additionally, HEV infection and exposure have been described in cervids. In Norway, HEV has been identified in pigs and humans; however, little is known regarding its presence in wild ungulates in the country. We used a species-independent double-antigen sandwich ELISA to detect antibodies against HEV in the sera of 715 wild ungulates from Norway, including 164 moose (Alces alces), 186 wild Eurasian tundra reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus), 177 red deer (Cervus elaphus), 86 European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), and 102 muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus). The overall seroprevalence was 12.3% (88/715). Wild reindeer had the highest seropositivity (23.1%, 43/186), followed by moose (19.5%, 32/164), muskoxen (5.9%, 6/102), and red deer (4%, 7/177). All roe deer were negative. According to our results, HEV is circulating in wild ungulates in Norway. The high seroprevalence observed in wild reindeer and moose indicates that these species may be potential reservoirs of HEV. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of HEV exposure in reindeer from Europe and in muskoxen worldwide.

scholarly journals Elaphostrongylus spp. from Scandinavian cervidae - a scanning electron microscope study (SEM)

Rangifer ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margareta Stéen ◽  
Carina Johansson
Keyword(s):  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Alces Alces ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope Study ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus Tarandus ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Scanning Electron

<p>Nematodes of the genus <em>Elaphostrongylus</em>&nbsp;collected from moose (<em>Alces alces</em> L.), reindeer (<em>Rangifer tarandus tarandus</em> L.), and red deer (<em>Cervus elaphus</em> L.), respectively, were studied by means of scanning electron microscopy. Morphological differences in the ribs of the genital bursa were demonstrated. The <em>Elaphostrongylus</em> species from reindeer and red deer differed from each other in four ribs of the genital bursa. These results agree with the morphological characters of <em>E. cervi</em> and <em>E. rangiferi</em> described by Cameron (1931) and Mitskevitch (1960). The genital bursa of <em>Elaphostrongylus</em> sp. from moose, in accordance with the description of <em>E. alces</em> by Steen <em>et al</em>. (1989) showed characteristics differing from those found in <em>Elaphostrongylus</em> spp. from reindeer and red deer respectively. These results support the hypothesis that there are three separate species of <em>Elaphostrongylus</em> present in Scandinavian Cervidae. S</p><p>vep-elektroniska studier p&aring; <em>Elaphostrongylus</em> spp. hos skandinaviska hjortdjur.</p><p>Abstract in Swedish / Sammandrag: Rundmaskar inom slaktet <em>Elaphostrongylus</em> funna hos alg (<em>Alces alces</em> L.), ren (<em>Rangifer tarandus tarandus</em> L.) och kronhjort(<em>Cervus elaphus</em> L.) studerades med hjalp av svepelelektronmikroskop. De hanliga bursorna med sin a stodjeribbor uppvisade variationer i utseende, langd och placering mellan dessa rundmaskar. De arter av <em>Elaphostrongylus </em>funna hos ren och kronhjort skilde sig &aring;t avseende fyra stodjeribbor p&aring; de hanliga bursorna. Dessa resultat stammer val overens med de karaktarer som tidigare ar beskrivna av Cameron(1931) och av Mitskevich (1960). Den hanliga bursan hos arten<em> Elaphostrongylus</em> funnen hos alg, vilken tidigare ar beskriven av Steen <em>et al</em>. (1989), visade upp ett utseende som skilde sig fr&aring;n bursorna hos de <em>Elaphostrongylus</em>-arter funna hos ren och kronhjort. Dessa resultat stoder hypotesen om tre skilda arter av <em>Elaphostrongylus</em> hos skandinaviska hjortdjur.</p>

scholarly journals Metagenomic analysis of the cow, sheep, reindeer and red deer rumen

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Glendinning ◽  
Buğra Genç ◽  
R. John Wallace ◽  
Mick Watson
Keyword(s):  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Metagenomic Analysis ◽  
Reference Dataset ◽  
Microbial Genomes ◽  
Ruminant Species

AbstractThe rumen microbiota comprises a community of microorganisms which specialise in the degradation of complex carbohydrates from plant-based feed. These microbes play a highly important role in ruminant nutrition and could also act as sources of industrially useful enzymes. In this study, we performed a metagenomic analysis of samples taken from the ruminal contents of cow (Bos Taurus), sheep (Ovis aries), reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) and red deer (Cervus elaphus). We constructed 391 metagenome-assembled genomes originating from 16 microbial phyla. We compared our genomes to other publically available microbial genomes and found that they contained 279 novel species. We also found significant differences between the microbiota of different ruminant species in terms of the abundance of microbial taxonomies, carbohydrate-active enzyme genes and KEGG orthologs. We present a dataset of rumen-derived genomes which in combination with other publicly-available rumen genomes can be used as a reference dataset in future metagenomic studies.

Decreasing prevalence of brucellosis in red deer through efforts to control disease in livestock

2011 ◽  
Vol 139 (10) ◽  
pp. 1626-1630 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. SERRANO ◽  
P. C. CROSS ◽  
M. BENERIA ◽  
A. FICAPAL ◽  
J. CURIA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Sympatric Population ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
Game Reserve ◽  
Control Disease

SUMMARYWhen a pathogen infects a number of different hosts, the process of determining the relative importance of each host species to the persistence of the pathogen is often complex. Removal of a host species is a potential but rarely possible way of discovering the importance of that species to the dynamics of the disease. This study presents the results of a 12-year programme aimed at controlling brucellosis in cattle, sheep and goats and the cascading impacts on brucellosis in a sympatric population of red deer (Cervus elaphus) in the Boumort National Game Reserve (BNGR; NE Spain). From February 1998 to December 2009, local veterinary agencies tested over 36 180 individual blood samples from cattle, 296 482 from sheep and goats and 1047 from red deer in the study area. All seropositive livestock were removed annually. From 2006 to 2009 brucellosis was not detected in cattle and in 2009 only one of 97 red deer tested was found to be positive. The surveillance and removal of positive domestic animals coincided with a significant decrease in the prevalence of brucellosis in red deer. Our results suggest that red deer may not be able to maintain brucellosis in this region independently of cattle, sheep or goats, and that continued efforts to control disease in livestock may lead to the eventual eradication of brucellosis in red deer in the area.

Characterization of Rhodococcus equi isolates from submaxillary lymph nodes of wild boars (Sus scrofa), red deer (Cervus elaphus) and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus)

2014 ◽  
Vol 172 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 272-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Rzewuska ◽  
Lucjan Witkowski ◽  
Agata A. Cisek ◽  
Ilona Stefańska ◽  
Dorota Chrobak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Capreolus Capreolus ◽  
Rhodococcus Equi ◽  
Wild Boars

scholarly journals Wild reindeer of Yakutia

Rangifer ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 387
Author(s):  
V.M. Safronov
Keyword(s):  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
New Siberian Islands ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus Tarandus ◽  
Wild Meat ◽  
Wild Reindeer

Three major herds of wild reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus L.), totaling over 200,000 animals, occur in the tundra and taiga of northern Yakutia. These herds have been expanding since the late 1950s and now occupy most of their historic range. In addition, several thousand wild reindeer occupy the New Siberian Islands and adjacent coastal mainland tundra, and there are about 60,000 largely sedentary forest reindeer in mountainous areas of the southern two-thirds of the province. Wild reindeer are commercially hunted throughout the mainland, and the production of wild meat is an important part of the economy of the province and of individual reindeer enterprises which produce both wild and domestic meat.

scholarly journals Cumulative Impacts of Tourist Resorts on Wild Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) during Winter

ARCTIC ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Nellemann ◽  
Per Jordhøy ◽  
Ole-Gunnar Støen ◽  
Olav Strand
Keyword(s):  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Cumulative Impacts ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus Tarandus ◽  
Wild Reindeer
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