scholarly journals Co-Expression of Chicken IL-2 and IL-7 Enhances the Immunogenicity and Protective Efficacy of a VP2-Expressing DNA Vaccine against IBDV in Chickens

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanshan Huo ◽  
Jianlou Zhang ◽  
Jinghui Fan ◽  
Xing Wang ◽  
Fengyang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Vaccine ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
T Cell Proliferation ◽  
Gene Vector ◽  
Safe Vaccine ◽  
Bursal Disease ◽  
Gene Vectors ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Protection Efficacy ◽  
Ifn Γ

Chicken infectious bursal disease (IBD) is still incompletely controlled worldwide. Although IBD virus (IBDV) VP2 DNA vaccine was considered a safe vaccine for IBD prevention, the immunogenicity by itself remains poor, resulting in the failure of effectively protecting chickens from infection. We and others demonstrated that chicken IL-2 (chIL-2) and chIL-7 have the capacity to enhance the immunogenicity of the VP2 DNA vaccine. However, whether chIL-2 and chIL-7 can mutually enhance the immunogenicity of VP2 DNA vaccine and thereby augment the latter’s protection efficacy remains unknown. By using chIL-2/chIL-7 bicistronic gene vector to co-immunize the chickens together with the VP2 DNA vaccine, we now show that chIL-2 and chIL-7 significantly increased IBDV VP2-specific antibody titers, T cell proliferation, and IFN-γ production, resulting in the ultimate enhancement of vaccine-induced protection efficacy relative to that of chIL-2 or chIL-7 gene vectors alone. These results suggest that chIL-2 and chIL-7 can mutually enhance VP2 DNA vaccine’s efficacy, thereby establishing a concrete foundation for future optimization of IBDV VP2 DNA vaccine to prevent/treat chicken IBD.

scholarly journals pUC18-CpG Is an Effective Adjuvant for a Duck Tembusu Virus Inactivated Vaccine

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Ren ◽  
Xiaolei Wang ◽  
Shan Zhang ◽  
Xintao Gao ◽  
Lichun Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Immunity ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Vaccine Dose ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Cytokines ◽  
Duck Tembusu Virus ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Protection Efficacy ◽  
Tembusu Virus

Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) is an emerging pathogenic flavivirus responsible for massive economic losses in the duck industry. However, commercially inactivated DTMUV vaccines have been ineffective at inducing protective immunity in ducks. The widely used adjuvant cytosine-phosphate-guanine oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODNs) reportedly improve humoral and cellular immunities in animal models. However, its effectiveness in DTMUV vaccines requires validation. Here, we assessed the protective efficacy of pUC18-CpG as an adjuvant in an inactivated live DTMUV vaccine in ducks. Our results revealed that the serum hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titers, positive rates of anti-DTMUV antibodies, the concentration of serum cytokines, and protection efficacy were significantly increased in ducks immunized with pUC18-CpG compared to that in the control group. Moreover, ducks immunized with a full vaccine dose containing a half dose of antigen supplemented with 40 μg of pUC18-CpG exhibited the most potent responses. This study suggests that pUC18-CpG is a promising adjuvant against DTMUV, which might prove effective in treating other viral diseases in waterfowl.

scholarly journals Gingyo-San Enhances Immunity and Potentiates Infectious Bursal Disease Vaccination

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Che-Ming Hung ◽  
Chia-Chou Yeh ◽  
Kowit-Yu Chong ◽  
Hsiao-Ling Chen ◽  
Jiun-Yu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Infectious Bursal Disease ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Interleukin 12 ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Bursal Disease ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Ifn Γ

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of Gingyo-san (GGS), a traditional Chinese medical formula, on peripheral lymphocyte proliferation and serum antibody titers in chickens vaccinated against the infectious bursal disease (IBD) virus. Treatment groups were fed one of three doses of GGS in their diet (0.5%, 1.0% and 2.0%, w/w), and the IBD vaccine was administered at 1 and 3 weeks of age. At Weeks 8, 12 and 16, changes in serum IBD antibody titers were measured via the micro-method and T cell proliferation. In gene expression experiments, GGS-treated peripheral T lymphocytes were stimulated with concanavalin A (ConA) for 24 h. The mRNA expression of interleukin-2 (IL-2), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-12 (IL-12) was determined using a semi-quantitative RT-PCR assay. The results showed that a low dose of GGS could significantly raise the antibody titers. Medium and high doses of GGS enhanced IL-2 and IFN-γ production. GGS altered the expression of IL-4 and IL-12 in T lymphocytes. CD4+T lymphocyte development was also skewed towards the Th1 phenotype. GGS enhanced cell-mediated immunity and augmented the effects of IBD vaccination in strengthening subsequent anti-viral responses.

scholarly journals Immunogenicity and Protective Efficacy against Murine Tuberculosis of a Prime-Boost Regimen with BCG and a DNA Vaccine Expressing ESAT-6 and Ag85A Fusion Protein

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Lu ◽  
Chun Wang ◽  
Zhiguang Zhou ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Tingting Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusion Protein ◽  
Dna Vaccine ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Significant Protection ◽  
Booster Vaccine ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Negative Population

Heterologous prime-boost regimens utilizing BCG as a prime vaccine probably represent the best hope for the development of novel tuberculosis (TB) vaccines. In this study, we examined the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of DNA vaccine (pcD685A) expressing the fusion protein of Ag85A and ESAT-6 (r685A) and its booster effects in BCG-immunized mice. The recombinant r685A fusion protein stimulated higher level of antigen-specific IFN-γ release in tuberculin skin test- (TST-) positive healthy household contacts of active pulmonary TB patients than that in TST-negative population. Vaccination of C57BL/6 mice with pcD685A resulted in significant protection against challenge with virulentMycobacterium tuberculosisH37Rv when compared with the control group. Most importantly, pcD685A could act as a BCG booster and amplify Th1-type cell-mediated immunity in the lung of BCG-vaccinated mice as shown the increased expression of IFN-γ. The most significant reduction in bacterial load of both spleen and lung was obtained in mice vaccinated with BCG prime and pcD685A DNA booster when compared with BCG or pcD685A alone. Thus, our study indicates that pcD685A may be an efficient booster vaccine against TB with a strong ability to enhance prior BCG immunity.

scholarly journals Tuberculosis DNA Vaccine Encoding Ag85A Is Immunogenic and Protective When Administered by Intramuscular Needle Injection but Not by Epidermal Gene Gun Bombardment

2000 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 3854-3860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey Tanghe ◽  
Olivier Denis ◽  
Bénédicte Lambrecht ◽  
Vinciane Motte ◽  
Thierry van den Berg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Vaccine ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Gene Gun ◽  
Antibody Isotypes ◽  
C57bl Mice ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Lymphocyte Responses ◽  
Needle Injection

ABSTRACT Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a DNA vaccine encoding Ag85A from Mycobacterium tuberculosis were compared in BALB/c and C57BL (B6 and B10) mice immunized by intramuscular (i.m.) needle injection or epidermal gene gun (gg) bombardment. In BALB/c mice, gg immunization could induce elevated antibody and cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses with plasmid doses 50-fold lower than those required for i.m. immunization. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) and gamma interferon (IFN-γ) secretion, however, was much lower in gg-immunized than in i.m.-immunized BALB/c mice. On the other hand, C57BL mice reacted only very weakly to gg immunization, whereas elevated Ag85A-specific antibody, IL-2, and IFN-γ responses (significantly higher than in BALB/c mice) were detected following vaccination by the i.m. route. Antibody isotypes were indicative of Th2 activation following gg injection of BALB/c and of Th1 activation following i.m. injection of C57BL mice. Finally, C57BL but not BALB/c mice were protected by i.m. Ag85A DNA immunization against intravenousM. tuberculosis challenge, as measured by reduced numbers of CFU in spleen and lungs, compared to animals vaccinated with control DNA. Gene gun immunization was not effective in either BALB/c or C57BL mice. These results indicate that i.m. DNA vaccination is the method of choice for the induction of protective Th1 type immune responses with the Ag85A tuberculosis DNA vaccine.

Protective efficacy of a DNA vaccine construct encoding the VP2 gene of infectious bursal disease and a truncated HSP70 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in chickens

Vaccine ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 1033-1039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemanta Kumar Maity ◽  
Sohini Dey ◽  
C. Madhan Mohan ◽  
Sagar A. Khulape ◽  
Dinesh C. Pathak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Dna Vaccine ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Infectious Bursal Disease ◽  
Vp2 Gene ◽  
Bursal Disease

scholarly journals VariedImmunity Generated in Mice by DNA Vaccines with Large and SmallHepatitis DeltaAntigens

2003 ◽  
Vol 77 (24) ◽  
pp. 12980-12985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Hsiang Huang ◽  
Jaw-Ching Wu ◽  
Sheng-Chieh Hsu ◽  
Wan-Jr Syu
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Dna Vaccine ◽  
Dna Vaccines ◽  
T Cell Proliferation ◽  
Hepatitis Delta ◽  
Ifn Γ

ABSTRACT Whether the hepatitis delta virus (HDV) DNA vaccine can induce anti-HDV antibodies has been debatable. The role of the isoprenylated motif of hepatitis delta antigens (HDAg) in the generation of immune responses following DNA-based immunization has never been studied. Plasmids p2577L, encoding large HDAg (L-HDAg), p2577S, expressing small HDAg (S-HDAg), and p25L-211S, encoding a mutant form of L-HDAg with a cysteine-to-serine mutation at codon 211, were constructed in this study. Mice were intramuscularly injected with the plasmids. The anti-HDV antibody titers, T-cell proliferation responses, T-helper responses, and HDV-specific, gamma interferon (IFN-γ)-producing CD8+ T cells were analyzed. Animals immunized with p2577S showed a strong anti-HDV antibody response. Conversely, only a low titer of anti-HDV antibodies was detected in mice immunized with p2577L. Epitope mapping revealed that the anti-HDV antibodies generated by p2577L vaccination hardly reacted with epitope amino acids 174 to 194, located at the C terminus of S-HDAg. All of the HDAg-encoding plasmids could induce significant T-cell proliferation responses and generate Th1 responses and HDV-specific, IFN-γ-producing CD8+ T cells. In conclusion, HDAg-specific antibodies definitely exist following DNA vaccination. The magnitudes of the humoral immune responses generated by L-HDAg- and S-HDAg-encoding DNA vaccines are different. The isoprenylated motif can mask epitope amino acids 174 to 195 of HDAg but does not interfere with cellular immunity following DNA-based immunization. These findings are important for the choice of a candidate HDV DNA vaccine in the future.

scholarly journals DNA vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 in rhesus macaques

Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 369 (6505) ◽  
pp. 806-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingyou Yu ◽  
Lisa H. Tostanoski ◽  
Lauren Peter ◽  
Noe B. Mercado ◽  
Katherine McMahan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Vaccine ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Vaccine Protection ◽  
S Protein ◽  
Viral Loads ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Cellular Immune

The global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has made the development of a vaccine a top biomedical priority. In this study, we developed a series of DNA vaccine candidates expressing different forms of the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein and evaluated them in 35 rhesus macaques. Vaccinated animals developed humoral and cellular immune responses, including neutralizing antibody titers at levels comparable to those found in convalescent humans and macaques infected with SARS-CoV-2. After vaccination, all animals were challenged with SARS-CoV-2, and the vaccine encoding the full-length S protein resulted in >3.1 and >3.7 log10 reductions in median viral loads in bronchoalveolar lavage and nasal mucosa, respectively, as compared with viral loads in sham controls. Vaccine-elicited neutralizing antibody titers correlated with protective efficacy, suggesting an immune correlate of protection. These data demonstrate vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 in nonhuman primates.

scholarly journals Improved Immunogenicity and Protective Efficacy of a Tuberculosis DNA Vaccine Encoding Ag85 by Protein Boosting

2001 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 3041-3047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey Tanghe ◽  
Sushila D'Souza ◽  
Valérie Rosseels ◽  
Olivier Denis ◽  
Thomas H. M. Ottenhoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Dna Vaccine ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Relative Light Unit ◽  
Dna Immunization ◽  
Cytokine Responses ◽  
Cytokine Analysis ◽  
Protein Boost ◽  
Ifn Γ

ABSTRACT C57BL/6 mice were vaccinated with plasmid DNA encoding Ag85 fromMycobacterium tuberculosis, with Ag85 protein in adjuvant, or with a combined DNA prime-protein boost regimen. While DNA immunization, as previously described, induced robust Th1-type cytokine responses, protein-in-adjuvant vaccination elicited very poor cytokine responses, which were 10-fold lower than those observed with DNA immunization alone. Injection of Ag85 DNA-primed mice with 30 to 100 μg of purified Ag85 protein in adjuvant increased the interleukin-2 and gamma interferon (IFN-γ) response in spleen two- to fourfold. Further, intracellular cytokine analysis by flow cytometry also showed an increase in IFN-γ-producing CD4+ T cells in DNA-primed–protein-boosted animals, compared to those that received only the DNA vaccination. Moreover, these responses appeared to be better sustained over time. Antibodies were readily produced by all three methods of immunization but were exclusively of the immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) isotype following protein immunization in adjuvant and preferentially of the IgG2a isotype following DNA and DNA prime-protein boost vaccination. Finally, protein boosting increased the protective efficacy of the DNA vaccine against an intravenousM. tuberculosis H37Rv challenge infection, as measured by CFU or relative light unit counts in lungs 1 and 2 months after infection. The capacity of exogenously given protein to boost the DNA-primed vaccination effect underlines the dominant role of Th1-type CD4+ helper T cells in mediating protection.

Protection of Mice with a Divalent Tuberculosis DNA Vaccine Encoding Antigens Ag85B and MPT64

2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Tian ◽  
Hong Cai ◽  
Yu-Xian Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Dna Vaccine ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Vaccine Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lung Weight ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Immunodominant Antigens ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Tuberculosis Disease

Abstract DNA vaccine may be a promising tool for controlling tuberculosis development. However, vaccines encoding single antigens of mycobacterium did not produce protective effect as BCG did. In the present study, we evaluated the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a divalent DNA vaccine encoding two immunodominant antigens Ag85B and MPT64 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We found that both humoral and Th1-type (high IFN-γ, low IL-4) cellular responses obtained from the divalent DNA vaccine group were significantly higher than that conferred by BCG. RT-PCR results showed that antigens were expressed differentially in various organs in divalent DNA vaccine group. The survival rate for mice treated with the divalent DNA vaccine after challenging with high doses of virulent M. tuberculosis H37Rv was significantly higher than that of the BCG group or any of the single DNA vaccine group. Significant differences were also found between the single and divalent DNA vaccinated mice in terms of body, spleen and lung weight. Bacterial loading decreased about 2000-fold in lungs and about 100-fold in spleens of divalent DNA vaccinated mice when compared with that of the control group. We conclude that our divalent DNA vaccine may be a better choice for controlling tuberculosis disease in animals.

scholarly journals Induction of Protective Immune Responses by a Multiantigenic DNA Vaccine Encoding GRA7 and ROP1 of Toxoplasma gondii

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 666-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan-Hua Quan ◽  
Jia-Qi Chu ◽  
Hassan Ahmed Hassan Ahmed Ismail ◽  
Wei Zhou ◽  
Eun-Kyeong Jo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Dna Vaccine ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Interleukin 12 ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Ifn Γ

ABSTRACTToxoplasma gondiiis distributed worldwide and infects most species of warm-blooded animals, including humans. The heavy incidence and severe or lethal damage caused byT. gondiiinfection clearly indicates the need for the development of a vaccine. To evaluate the protective efficacy of a multiantigenic DNA vaccine expressing GRA7 and ROP1 ofT. gondiiwith or without a plasmid encoding murine interleukin-12 (pIL12), we constructed DNA vaccines using the eukaryotic plasmids pGRA7, pROP1, and pGRA7-ROP1. Mice immunized with pGRA7, pROP1, or pGRA7-ROP1 showed significantly increased serum IgG2a titers; production of gamma interferon (IFN-γ), IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α);in vitroT cell proliferation; and survival, as well as decreased cyst burdens in the brain, compared to mice immunized with either the empty plasmid, pIL12, or vector with pIL12 (vector+pIL12). Moreover, mice immunized with the multiantigenic DNA vaccine pGRA7-ROP1 had higher IgG2a titers, production of IFN-γ and TNF-α, survival time, and cyst reduction rate compared to those of mice vaccinated with either pGRA7 or pROP1 alone. Furthermore, mice immunized with either a pGRA7-ROP1+pIL12 or a single-gene vaccine combined with pIL12 showed greater Th1 immune response and protective efficacy than the single-gene-vaccinated groups. Our data suggest that the multiantigenic DNA antigen pGRA7-ROP1 was more effective in stimulating host protective immune responses than separately injected single antigens, and that IL-12 serves as a good DNA adjuvant.

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