scholarly journals Particles with Negative Energies in Nonrelativistic and Relativistic Cases

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 528
Author(s):  
Andrey A. Grib ◽  
Yuri V. Pavlov
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Coordinate System ◽  
Space Time ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
Relativistic Case ◽  
Nonrelativistic Case ◽  
Rotating Black Hole ◽  
Minkowski Space Time ◽  
Penrose Process ◽  
Penrose Effect

States of particles with negative energies are considered for the nonrelativistic and relativistic cases. In the nonrelativistic case it is shown that the decay close to the attracting center can lead to the situation similar to the Penrose effect for a rotating black hole when the energy of one of the fragments is larger than the energy of the initial body. This is known as the Oberth effect in the theory of the rocket movement. The realizations of the Penrose effect in the non-relativistic case in collisions near the attracting body and in the evaporation of stars from star clusters are indicated. In the relativistic case similar to the well known Penrose process in the ergosphere of the rotating black hole it is shown that the same situation as in ergosphere of the black hole occurs in rotating coordinate system in Minkowski space-time out of the static limit due to existence of negative energies. In relativistic cases differently from the nonrelativistic ones, the mass of the fragment can be larger than the mass of the decaying body. Negative energies for particles are possible in the relativistic case in cosmology of the expanding space when the coordinate system is used with a nondiagonal term in metrical tensor of the space-time. Friedmann metrics for three cases: open, close and quasieuclidian, are analyzed. The De Sitter space-time is shortly discussed.

Super-Penrose process

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (02n03) ◽  
pp. 2040058
Author(s):  
O. B. Zaslavskii
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Flat Space ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Centre Of Mass ◽  
Rotating Black Hole ◽  
Mass Frame ◽  
Penrose Process ◽  
Energy Formula ◽  
Full Classification

If two particles collide near a rotating black hole, their energy in the centre of mass frame can become unbounded under certain conditions. In doing so, the Killing energy [Formula: see text] of debris at infinity is, in general, remain restricted. If [Formula: see text] is also unbounded, this is called the super-Penrose process. We elucidate when such a process is possible and give full classification of corresponding relativistic objects for rotating space-times. We also discuss the case of a pure electric super-Penrose process that is valid even in the flat space-time. The key role in consideration is played by the Wald inequalities.

scholarly journals The Accurate Modification of Tunneling Radiation of Fermions with Arbitrary Spin in Kerr-de Sitter Black Hole Space-Time

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bei Sha ◽  
Zhi-E Liu ◽  
Xia Tan ◽  
Yu-Zhen Liu ◽  
Jie Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Dispersion Relation ◽  
String Theory ◽  
Event Horizon ◽  
Quantum Tunneling ◽  
Gravitational Theory ◽  
Arbitrary Spin ◽  
Space Time ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
Tunneling Radiation

The quantum tunneling radiation of fermions with arbitrary spin at the event horizon of Kerr-de Sitter black hole is accurately modified by using the dispersion relation proposed in the study of string theory and quantum gravitational theory. The derived tunneling rate and temperature at the black hole horizons are analyzed and studied.

scholarly journals ENTROPY FROM THE FOAM II

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (14) ◽  
pp. 1965-1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
REMO GARATTINI
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Simple Model ◽  
Semiclassical Approximation ◽  
Space Time ◽  
The Other ◽  
Charged Black Hole ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
Different Types

A simple model of space–time foam, made by two different types of wormholes in a semiclassical approximation, is taken under examination: one type is a collection of Nw Schwarzschild wormholes, while the other one is made by Schwarzschild–Anti-de Sitter wormholes. The area quantization related to the entropy via the Bekenstein–Hawking formula hints a possible selection between the two configurations. Application to the charged black hole are discussed.

scholarly journals STRING SCATTERING OFF THE (2 + 1)-DIMENSIONAL ROTATING BLACK HOLE

1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 1467-1473 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAKOTO NATSUUME ◽  
NORISUKE SAKAI ◽  
MASAMICHI SATO
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
De Sitter Space ◽  
Hawking Temperature ◽  
Bogoliubov Transformation ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
Rotating Black Hole ◽  
Black Hole Background ◽  
Dimensional Black Hole

The SL (2, R)/Z WZW orbifold which describes the (2+1)-dimensional black hole approaching anti-de Sitter space asymptotically. We study the 1 → 1 tachyon scattering off the rotating black hole background and calculate the Hawking temperature using the Bogoliubov transformation.

scholarly journals ORIGIN OF MATTER OUT OF PURE CURVATURE

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 513-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
NARESH DADHICH ◽  
HIDEKI MAEDA
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Black Hole Solution ◽  
Space Time ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
Matter Distribution ◽  
Static Black Hole ◽  
Negative Constant ◽  
Usual Formula ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Kaluza Klein

We propose a mechanism for the origin of matter in the universe in the framework of Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet gravity in higher dimensions. The new static black hole solution recently discovered by the authors,1 with the Kaluza–Klein split of space–time as a product of the usual [Formula: see text] with a space of negative constant curvature, is indeed a pure gravitational creation of a black hole which is also endowed with a Maxwell-like gravitational charge in four-dimensional vacuum space–time. This solution has been further generalized to include radially flowing radiation, which means that extra-dimensional curvature also produces matter distribution asymptotically, resembling charged null dust. The static black hole could thus be envisioned as being formed from anti–de Sitter space–time by the collapse of radially inflowing charged null dust. It thus establishes the remarkable reciprocity between matter and gravity — as matter produces gravity (curvature), gravity produces matter. After the Kaluza–Klein generation of the Maxwell field, this is the first instance of realization of matter without matter in the classical framework.

scholarly journals NEGATIVE NORM STATES IN DE SITTER SPACE AND QFT WITHOUT RENORMALIZATION PROCEDURE

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (06) ◽  
pp. 509-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
MOHAMMAD VAHID TAKOOK
Keyword(s):  
Minkowski Space ◽  
De Sitter Space ◽  
Infrared Divergence ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Ultraviolet Divergence ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
Physical Content ◽  
Negative Norm ◽  
Minkowski Space Time ◽  
Loop Approximation

In recent papers,1,2 it has been shown that the presence of negative norm states or negative frequency solutions are indispensable for a fully covariant quantization of the minimally coupled scalar field in de Sitter space. Their presence, while leaving unchanged the physical content of the theory, offers the advantage of eliminating any ultraviolet divergence in the vacuum energy2 and infrared divergence in the two point function.3 We attempt here to extend this method to the interacting quantum field in Minkowski space-time. As an illustration of the procedure, we consider the λϕ4 theory in Minkowski space-time. The mathematical consequences of this method is the disappearance of the ultraviolet divergence to the one-loop approximation. This means, the effect of these auxiliary negative norm states is to allow an automatic renormalization of the theory in this approximation.

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