scholarly journals Composite Building Materials: Thermal and Mechanical Performances of Samples Realized with Hay and Natural Resins

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Gennusa ◽  
Pere Llorach-Massana ◽  
Juan Montero ◽  
Francisco Peña ◽  
Joan Rieradevall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Natural Resins ◽  
Mechanical Performances

Determination of some Mechanical Characteristics of Wood Elements Improved with Composites Materials

2014 ◽  
Vol 1036 ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
Aurora Cătălina Ianăşi
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Accurate Analysis ◽  
Composites Materials ◽  
Reinforced Beams ◽  
Wood Beams ◽  
Mechanical Performances ◽  
Selection Of

Wood is a material of construction relatively inexpensive and easy to put into practice because of its lightness, reusability, simplicity in fabrication and environmental compatibility. However, its ability to lift load small compared to other building materials, it greatly limits the range of its use. Increasing the mechanical strength of wood elements used in construction is a goal that, once achieved, would expand the use of this material, with notable economic repercussions. The use of composite materials such as CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced plastic) as reinforcement for wood elements under bending loads like beams requires attention to the techniques of reinforcing for different layouts of CFRP elements. Each choice of reinforcing could potentially lead to different results. When the choice has been made, the next step is the selection of the most adequate CFRP elements. For this reason, selection of the reinforcement layout and material should be guided by an accurate analysis of the characteristics of the element to be reinforced in order to avoid ineffective interventions. The present paper is concerned with determination the performances of wood beams reinforced with CFRP composites by investigating their bending resistance and showing crushing damage in the bending region. All tested wood beamspresented in this paper were made from beech. The results for the un-reinforced beams are reported solely for the purpose of quantitatively evaluating the effectiveness of the interventions through a comparison with the results for CFRP strengthened beams. The technology of composite material reinforcement is based on using CFRP plates bonded with an epoxy resin on the wood beams. After bonding, the beams were tested to bending on a universal testing machine with a punctuated force placed at the middle of the beams. The results indicate that the behavior of reinforced beams with CFRP is totally different from that of un-reinforced one. During the performed tests, observations of the experimental loaddisplacement relationships showed that bending strength increased for wood beams reinforced with CFRP compared to those without CFRP reinforcement. Mechanical tests on the reinforced wood beams proved that CFRP materials produced flexural displacement and lifting increases of the beams that entitles us to say this kind of materials have improved the mechanical performances of tested wooden beams.

scholarly journals Preparation of Baking-Free Brick from Manganese Residue and Its Mechanical Properties

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Ping Wang ◽  
Dong-yan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Molding Pressure ◽  
Strength Performance ◽  
Characterization Methods ◽  
Electrolytic Preparation ◽  
Mechanical Performances ◽  
Manganese Slag

The increasing amount of waste residue produced during the electrolytic preparation process of manganese has nowadays brought about serious environmental problems. The research on utilization of manganese slag has been a hot spot around the world. The utilization of manganese slag is not only environment friendly, but also economically feasible. In the current work, a summarization of the main methods to produced building materials from manganese slag materials was given. Baking-free brick, a promising building material, was produced from manganese slag with the addition of quicklime and cement. The physical properties, chemical composition, and mechanical performances of the obtained samples were measured by several analyses and characterization methods. Then the influence of adding materials and molding pressure during the preparation of baking-free brick samples on their compressive strength properties was researched. It is concluded that the baking-free brick prepared from manganese residue could have excellent compressive strength performance under certain formula.

scholarly journals SUSTAINABLE SOLUTIONS FOR MANAGING ENVIRONMENTALLY HAZARDOUS WASTE MATERIALS: REAPPLICATION OF FLY ASH

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zagorka Aćimović Pavlović ◽  
Anja Terzić ◽  
Ljiljana Miličic ◽  
Zagorka Radojević ◽  
Ljubica Pavlović
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Hazardous Waste ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Fly Ashes ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Mechanical Performances ◽  
Hazardous Pollutants

The disposal of the fly ash may pose a significant risk to the environment due to the possible leaching of hazardous pollutants. The only sustainable economic solution for the pollution-prevention of theenvironment is the reuse of fly ash in building materials. Some of building composites, in which fly ash iscombined with refractory components can withstand high temperatures. In this investigation testing composites were based on fly ash mixed with high-aluminate cement. Investigated fly ashes were previously subjected to mechano-activation. The leaching behavior and potential environmental impact of hazardous elements were analyzed. Mineral phase analysis by means of XRD was accented due to the fly ash high dependence on its origin. Crystalline phases were investigated by means of DTA. Scanning electron microscopy was used in microstructure analysis. The leachability of toxic elements was within allowedrange, thus investigated fly ashes can be replicated in building materials. Investigated fly ash-cement composites proved to have high physico-mechanical performances, but also good thermo-insulationcharacteristics. The overall results showed that application of the fly ash in building composites unsustainable solution for managing this environmentally hazardous waste material. Key words:fly ash, thermo-insulation, toxic elements, reapplication, building composites.

Enhance the Thermal Storage of Cement-Based Composites With Phase Change Materials and Carbon Nanotubes

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Baoguo Han ◽  
Kun Zhang ◽  
Xun Yu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Thermal Storage ◽  
Building Models ◽  
Scale Down ◽  
Mechanical Performances

Phase change materials (PCM) have been incorporated with cementitious construction materials to store thermal energy and control interior climate in buildings, which can reduce the energy consumption and improve thermal comfort. However, addition of PCM is found to decrease strength and thermal conductivity of the cement-based composite. Carbon nanotubes (CNT) are integrated into cementitious construction materials with microencapsulated PCM to improve their thermal-conductive and mechanical performances. Results of lab and outdoor tests show the modified cement mortar containing both PCM and CNT exhibits better heat insulation properties than plain cement mortar. A temperature difference up to 6.8 °C was observed between interiors of two same size scale-down building models (one made of plain cement mortar, the other one made of cement mortar with PCM and CNT). This indicates that the modified cement mortar can effectively enhance the thermal storage property of cement-based building materials.

scholarly journals Sustainable Management of Autoclaved Aerated Concrete Wastes in Gypsum Composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3961
Author(s):  
Fabio Iucolano ◽  
Assunta Campanile ◽  
Domenico Caputo ◽  
Barbara Liguori
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Absorption Data ◽  
Autoclaved Aerated Concrete ◽  
Gypsum Plaster ◽  
Aerated Concrete ◽  
Mechanical Performances

Promoting the use of gypsum and gypsum-based materials in construction is a successful strategy from an environmental point of view; it allows a lower energy demand with a sensible reduction in carbon dioxide emissions. At the same time, the manufacturing of gypsum products can represent an interesting sector to redirect and manage the large amount of autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) waste. In this paper a sustainable application of AAC granulate waste in gypsum-based building materials was proposed. The intrinsic compatibility derived their chemical composition and allowed it to partially substitute raw gypsum with the waste up to 30% without affecting the functional and structural properties of the final product. Physical characterization and sound absorption data confirmed that the addition of AAC waste does not significantly alter the typical porosity of the gypsum composite. Finally, all of the composites reached mechanical performances suitable for different building application as gypsum plaster.

Scanning electron microscopy of asbestos-containing material where the asbestos fibers are considered locked in a binder

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 472-473
Author(s):  
J. R. Millette ◽  
R. S. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
The United States ◽  
Protection Agency ◽  
Asbestos Fibers ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Binder Material ◽  
Scanning Electron

The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has labeled as “friable” those building materials that are likely to readily release fibers. Friable materials when dry, can easily be crumbled, pulverized, or reduced to powder using hand pressure. Other asbestos containing building materials (ACBM) where the asbestos fibers are in a matrix of cement or bituminous or resinous binders are considered non-friable. However, when subjected to sanding, grinding, cutting or other forms of abrasion, these non-friable materials are to be treated as friable asbestos material. There has been a hypothesis that all raw asbestos fibers are encapsulated in solvents and binders and are not released as individual fibers if the material is cut or abraded. Examination of a number of different types of non-friable materials under the SEM show that after cutting or abrasion, tuffs or bundles of fibers are evident on the surfaces of the materials. When these tuffs or bundles are examined, they are shown to contain asbestos fibers which are free from binder material. These free fibers may be released into the air upon further cutting or abrasion.

Legal framework for improvement of agroecology by cultivating jerusalem artichoke

2020 ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Mykhailo Kosmii ◽  
Vasyl. Kasiianchuk ◽  
Ruslan Zhyrak ◽  
Ivan Krykhovetskyi
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Scientific Cognition

The purpose of this paper is to analyze and research the legal mechanisms which make it possible to improve agroecology through the organization of cultivation of Jerusalem artichoke.Methodology. The methodology includes comprehensive analysis and generalization of available scientific, theoretical, practical and applied material and development of relevant conclusions and recommendations. During the research, the following methods of scientific cognition were used: dialectical, terminological, historical and legal, logical and normative, systemic and structural, functional, normative and dogmatic, generalization methods. Results. The process of analysis and research highlighted the possibilities of cultivating Jerusalem artichoke for improving agroecology, namely improving the ecological state of the atmosphere air and soil, preparing them for organic farming. The article contains examples of practical application of tubers of Jerusalem artichoke and herbage for the production of therapeutic and prophylactic products, alternative energy and highly efficient building materials. Scientific novelty. The study found that the authors summarized and systematized the levels of legal regulation in the field of using Jerusalem artichoke for improving agroecology, preparing soil for organic farming, in particular: the inter-sectoral level which covers the interaction of agricultural and environmental law in terms of cultivation and use of Jerusalem artichoke; the level of integrated environmental and legal regulation; level of individual resource (floristic) legal regulation; the level of environmental protection (anthropoprotection) legislation.Practical importance. The results of the study can be used in law-making and environmental protection activities related to issues of cultivating and using the Jerusalem artichoke as a means of improving agroecology.

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