scholarly journals The Development and Validation of a Measure to Assess COVID-19 Stress among College Students for Sustainable Education

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 9828
Author(s):  
V. Vineeth Kumar ◽  
Bhagyasree Chatterjee ◽  
Geetika Tankha
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Factor Loadings ◽  
Composite Reliability

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on students’ personal, academic, and social life has been quite stressful. The threat to life from the virus, social isolation, and the need to shift from face-to-face learning to online mode has been challenging. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to develop and validate a self-administered tool to assess the source of COVID-19 pandemic stress among college students. The data was collected online using google forms in two phases. The data collected from 173 participants from phase one was analyzed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The second phase data of 216 participants were analyzed to validate the factor structure using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The standardized factor loadings, Composite Reliability (CR), and AVE of factors were assessed to determine the convergent validity of the scale. Similarly, discriminant validity and concurrent predictive validity were assessed through the HTMT ratio of correlations and ROC curves, respectively. A succession of Exploratory Factor Analysis yielded a five-factor solution, explaining 73.83 percent variance with 13 indices. CFA via maximum likelihood with bootstrapping indicated a good fit for the five-factor model (SRMR = 0.037, RMSEA = 0.049, CFI = 0.981). The standardized factor loadings, Composite Reliability (CR), and AVE of factors together suggest acceptable convergent validity. Further, the ROC curve results to assess stress indicated an acceptable AUC, with a magnitude of 0.79, p < 0.01, indicating concurrent predictive validity for the five-factor Student COVID-19 Stress Scale (SCSS). HTMT ratio of correlations <0.85 indicated discriminant validity for the factor structure. The CR > 0.70 for the dimensions indicated acceptable reliability. Thus, the SCSS can be an effective instrument to assess the source of pandemic stress among students so that tailor-made timely interventions can be provided to prevent long-term adverse effects.

scholarly journals Adaptasi Sanctification of Marriage Questionnaire: Versi Indonesia untuk Masyarakat Muslim

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-232
Author(s):  
Hepi Wahyuningsih ◽  
Dyna Rahayu Suci Pertiwi
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Structure Stability ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Composite Reliability

This study aims to adapt the Sanctification of Marriage Questionnaire for Muslims inIndonesia. Adaptation of the Sanctification of Marriage Questionnaire is carried out throughthe stages: translation, providing evidence of construct validity and reliability. Evidence of construct validity was carried out by exploratory factor analysis followed by MGCFA (Multi-Group Confirmatory factor Analysis). In this study, we used a composite reliability. Subjects to reveal the factor structure of sanctification of marriage were 160 married individuals, while the subjects to test the stability of factor structure consisted of 102 husbands and 111 wives. The result of exploratory factor analysis shows that the construct of sanctification of marriage has three factors / dimensions, namely: belief, perceived sacred qualities and manifestation of God. The structure stability of sanctification of marriage was then empirically tested by MGCFA. The results of MGCFA showed that the three factors / dimensions of sanctification of marriage proved stable. The composite reliability coefficient of the Sanctification of Marriage Questionnaire was in a good category. Further research can be carried out to provide evidence of construct validity with predictive validity and concurrent validity of the Sanctification of Marriage Questionnaire. Limitations in this study are discussed further.Keywords: exploratory factor analysis, multi-group confirmatory factor analysis, muslim,sanctification of marriage, scale adaptation

scholarly journals Simplifying the Measurement of Attitudes towards Autistic People

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul H. P. Hanel ◽  
Punit Shah
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Attitude Formation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Autistic People ◽  
Item Scale

AbstractThere is growing interest in quantifying attitudes towards autistic people, however there is relatively little research on psychometric properties of the only existing measure and its ability to predict engagement with people with autism. To begin addressing these issues, we compared three scales measuring attitudes towards autistic people following the development of two new measures. Exploratory factor analysis, across two datasets, revealed that the factor-structure of an established 16-item scale is unclear. Further, its predictive validity of intended engagement with autistic people was comparable to our novel and psychometrically robust 1- and 4-item measures of attitudes towards autistic people. We therefore conclude that a 1- or 4-item scale is sufficient to measure general attitudes towards autistic people in future research. Equally, we propose that additional research is required to develop measures that are grounded in theoretical models of attitude formation and therefore distinguish between different components of attitudes.

scholarly journals Benevolence Toward Schizophrenia Scale: Construction and evidence of validation

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Rízia Félix de MELO ◽  
Silvana Carneiro MACIEL ◽  
Marcelo Xavier de OLIVEIRA ◽  
Leoncio Francisco CAMINO ◽  
Thayro Andrade CARVALHO
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
University Students ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Scale Factor ◽  
Scale Construction ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha ◽  
The One ◽  
Composite Reliability

Abstract The aim of this study was to construct and seek evidence for the validity of the Escala de Benevolência frente à Esquizofrenia (Benevolence Toward Schizophrenia Scale). Two studies were conducted in Joao Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil. Study 1 describes the development and evidence of the factor validity of the Benevolence Toward Schizophrenia Scale with a sample composed of 200 university students aged 16 to 51 years old (M = 25.31; SD = 7.21). The data were subjected to exploratory factor analysis, which revealed one single seven-item factor that explained 37.74% of the variance and a satisfactory Cronbach’s alpha (0.77). The aim of Study 2 was to test the goodness-of-fit of the Benevolence Toward Schizophrenia Scale factor structure with a sample composed of 200 university students aged 16 to 52 years old (M = 24.82; SD = 6.97). The one-factor structure exhibited adequate goodness-of-fit; the composite reliability value was 0.83, which indicates scale stability and satisfactory psychometric parameters for assessing benevolent prejudice toward schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Collective Empowerment in Online Health Communities: Scale Development and Empirical Validation

10.2196/14392 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. e14392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Atanasova ◽  
Gregor Petric
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Factorial Structure ◽  
Online Health Communities ◽  
Health Communities ◽  
Collective Empowerment

Background The role of online health communities (OHCs) in patient empowerment is growing and has been increasingly studied in recent years. Research has focused primarily on individualistic conception of patients’ empowerment, with much less attention paid to the role of OHCs in the development of patients’ collective empowerment. Although OHCs have immense potential for empowerment that goes beyond the individual, the concept and scale of collective empowerment in OHCs have not yet been developed or validated. Objective This study aimed to develop an instrument for measuring collective empowerment in online health communities (CE-OHC) and to test its quality by investigating its factorial structure, reliability, construct validity, and predictive validity. Methods The CE-OHC scale was developed according to a strict methodology for developing valid and reliable scales. An initial set of 20 items was first tested in the pilot study conducted in 2016 using a sample of 280 registered users of Slovenia’s largest OHC. A refined version with 11 items was tested in the main study conducted in 2018 on a random sample of 30,000 registered users of the same OHC. The final sample comprised 784 users. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used to investigate the factorial structure, discriminant validity, and convergent validity of the scale. Cronbach alpha coefficient was used to determine the CE-OHC scale’s internal consistency. To establish the predictive validity, ordinary least squares regression was performed to test the role of CE-OHC in users’ civic participation. Results The EFA resulted in a two-factor solution, and the two factors—knowledge of resources and resource mobilization for collective action—together explain 63.8% of the variance. The second-order CFA demonstrated a good fit to the data (root mean square error of approximation=0.07) and the scale had a good internal consistency (alpha=.86). Although evidence of the scale’s convergent validity was partially provided, discriminant validity of the scale remained unconfirmed. Overall, CE-OHC was confirmed to be a predictor of users’ civic participation, but the influence was somewhat weak and inconsistent across two subscales. Conclusions The proposed CE-OHC scale is a reliable and relatively valid instrument and serves as a good baseline to advance the measurement of collective empowerment in OHC contexts. This is the first scale developed for this purpose, and future research should focus on the development of a clear nomological network of the collective empowerment construct in relation to the OHC settings.

scholarly journals Examining the validity of the Athlete Engagement Questionnaire (AEQ) in a Portuguese sport setting

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Martins ◽  
António Rosado ◽  
Vítor Ferreira ◽  
Rui Biscaia
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Sport Psychology ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Psychology Literature ◽  
Composite Reliability

Sport psychology literature suggests that understanding engagement levels is pivotal to promote positive sporting experiences among athletes. The purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Athlete Engagement Questionnaire among Portuguese sport athletes. Two distinct samples of Portuguese athletes from different competitive levels were collected, and the results of a confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated a good fit of the model to the data. A review of the psychometric properties indicated that all factors showed good composite reliability, convergent validity, and discriminant validity. In addition, a multi-groups analysis showed the invariance of the model in two independent samples providing evidence of cross validity. Implications of these results for scholars and coaches are discussed and guidelines for future studies are suggested.

Factor Structure of the Perfectionistic Self-Presentation Scale in Korea

2011 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 990-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Gwi Lee ◽  
Hanna Suh ◽  
Hee-Kyung Lee
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Korean Version ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Korean College Students

This study explored the factor structure of the Korean version of the Perfectionistic Self-Presentation Scale, originally developed by Hewitt and colleagues in 2003 with three factors (Perfectionistic Self-promotion, Non-display of Imperfection, and Non-disclosure of Imperfection). In Study 1, a confirmatory factor analysis was performed on the Korean version with 27 items for 151 Korean college students, but the model fit was poor. Subsequently, an exploratory factor analysis was conducted, and the results yielded three factors as found in Hewitt, et al., yet with 20 items rather than the original 27 items. This new version had good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = .88); convergent validity estimate was established with a measure of self-presentation motivation. In Study 2, to support the structural validity of the Korean version, another confirmatory factor analysis was conducted with 203 Korean college students. The model fit was good, but a few amendments were made.

scholarly journals Reliability and Structural and Construct Validity of the Functional Strength Measurement in Children Aged 4 to 10 Years

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 888-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy F.M. Aertssen ◽  
Gillian D. Ferguson ◽  
Bouwien C.M. Smits-Engelsman
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Structural Validity ◽  
Strength Measurement ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Background Adequate muscle strength, power, and endurance are important in children's daily activities and sports. Various instruments have been developed for the assessment of muscle function; each measures different aspects. The Functional Strength Measurement (FSM) was developed to measure performance in activities in which strength is required. Objective The study objective was to establish the test-retest reliability and structural and construct validity of the FSM. Design A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted. Methods The performance of 474 children with typical development on the FSM was examined. Test-retest reliability (n=47) was calculated with the intraclass correlation coefficient (2.1A) for agreement. Structural validity was examined with exploratory factor analysis, and internal consistency was established with the Cronbach alpha. Construct validity was determined by calculating correlations between FSM scores and scores obtained with a handheld dynamometer (HHD) (n=252) (convergent validity) and between FSM scores and scores on the Movement Assessment Battery for Children–2 (MABC-2) (n=77) (discriminant validity). Results The test-retest reliability of the FSM total score ranged from .91 to .94. The structural validity revealed one dimension, containing all 8 FSM items. The Cronbach alpha was .74. The convergent validity with the HHD ranged from .42 to .74. The discriminant validity with MABC-2 items revealed correlations that were generally lower than .39, and most of the correlations were not significant. Exploratory factor analysis of a combined data set (FSM, HHD, and MABC-2; n=77) revealed 2 factors: muscle strength/power and muscle endurance with an agility component. Limitations Discriminant validity was measured only in children aged 4 to 6 years. Conclusions The FSM, a norm-referenced test for measuring functional strength in children aged 4 to 10 years, has good test-retest reliability and good construct validity.

Factor Analysis of the Kirton Adaption-Innovation Inventory

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 667-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Morris Beene ◽  
Paul F. Zelhart
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Cultural Factor ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Original Sample ◽  
University Administrators ◽  
Factor Loadings ◽  
Rule Group ◽  
Original Analysis

Kirton (7) reported that the factor structure of the Kirton Adaption-Innovation Inventory involved three factors which were labeled, (a) originality, (b) efficiency, and (c) rule-group conformity. The present study is a replication of Kirton's study, using a sample of 249 American college students and 40 university administrators. The items found in each of the three factors replicated Kirton's original analysis in items placed in each factor. This result and the similarity of factor loadings of the original sample (from England) and the present one supports the cross-cultural factor stability of the inventory.

Work Engagement in South Korea

2017 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 561-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Won Ho Kim ◽  
Jong Gyu Park ◽  
Bora Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Utrecht Work Engagement Scale ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Three Factor ◽  
Engagement Scale

This study aims to validate Korean versions of the 9-item Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, testing for its factor pattern validity through Exploratory Factor Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis, reliability, and convergent and discriminant validity. The 9-item Utrecht Work Engagement Scale was translated according to the guidelines of the International Test Commission and tested with two Korean samples. First, the Exploratory Factor Analysis found that both two-factor and three-factor solutions were viable options with the first sample. Second, comparison validations of these two solutions were tested by confirming the dimensionality of their structures through the Confirmatory Factor Analyses with the second sample, with the conclusion that the three-factor model solution was the most parsimonious model. Finally, the three-factor model of the 9-item Utrecht Work Engagement Scale was demonstrated to have good discriminant validity and convergent validity, as well as internal consistency of its subscales.

scholarly journals Validating the Arabic Scale of Happiness among College Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
Hamzeh M. Dodeen ◽  
Brettjet L. Cody
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Culturally Influenced

Background: Happiness is well known to have positive consequences not only on one person but also on society as a whole. For this reason, psychologists have become increasingly interested in positive psychology in general and in happiness in particular. This interest has been reflected in studying happiness and measuring it. Thus, questions raised lately about the best methods or producers and tools to accurately measure it. And, because happiness is a culturally influenced construct, the applicability of such tools needs to be verified across cultures. Objectives: The study aimed at assessing the reliability and validity of the Arab Scale of Happiness (ASH). The study was conducted on college students, and the analysis included testing of several statistical analyses such as the correlations between two tools for measuring happiness, namely, the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ) and Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWKS), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II). Methods: A total of 731 college students from a public university in UAE were recruited for the tests used in the study. The validation process of the ASH included assessing its factor structure using both exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Convergent validity, discriminant validity, and internal reliability of the scale were assessed and reported in addition to evaluating gender differences. Results: Results indicated that the ASH is unidimensional, with a dominant factor explained more than 50% of the variance. The internal reliability of the ASH was high (α= .93), and all items performed properly in measuring happiness. The scale has a good convergent validity as it is highly and positively correlated with OHQ and SWLS, and good discriminate validity as its highly and negatively correlated with BDI-II. Conclusion: The ASH is a reliable and valid scale for measuring happiness among youth and college students. It is necessary to establish its appropriateness for use across populations or countries in future studies. Furthermore, the scale can be used in cross-cultural applications to assess happiness among different groups of individuals.

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