scholarly journals Self-Healing Construction Materials: The Geomimetic Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 9033
Author(s):  
Valery Lesovik ◽  
Roman Fediuk ◽  
Mugahed Amran ◽  
Nikolai Vatin ◽  
Roman Timokhin
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Evolutionary Stage ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Building Science ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Novel Technologies ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approaches ◽  
Wide Range

A person spends most of his life in rooms built from various building materials; therefore, the optimization of the human environment is an important and complex task that requires interdisciplinary approaches. Within the framework of the new theory of geomimetics in the building science of materials, the concepts of technogenic metasomatism, the affinity of microstructures, and the possibilities of creating composites that respond to operational loads and can self-heal defects have been created. The article aims to introduce the basic principles of the science of geomimetics in terms of the design and synthesis of building materials. The study’s novelty lies in the concept of technogenic metasomatism and the affinity of microstructures developed by the authors. Novel technologies have been proposed to produce a wide range of composite binders (including waterproof and frost-resistant gypsum binders) using novel forms of source materials with high free internal energy. The affinity microstructures for anisotropic materials have been formulated, which involves the design of multilayered composites and the repair of compounds at three levels (nano-, micro-, macro-). The proposed theory of technogenic metasomatism in the building science of materials represents an evolutionary stage for composites that are categorized by their adaptation to evolving circumstances in the operation of buildings and structures. Materials for three-dimensional additive technologies in construction are proposed, and examples of these can be found in nature. Different ways of applying our concept for the design of building materials in future works are proposed.

scholarly journals Embodied Energy and CO2 Emissions of Widely Used Building Materials: The Ethiopian Context

Buildings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Woubishet Zewdu Taffese ◽  
Kassahun Admassu Abegaz
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Coarse Aggregates ◽  
Human Habitat ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Concrete Blocks

Buildings use a wide range of construction materials, and the manufacturing of each material consumes energy and emits CO2. Several studies have already been conducted to evaluate the embodied energy and the related CO2 emissions of building materials, which are mainly based on case studies from developed countries. There is a considerable gap in cases of developing countries regarding assessment of embodied energy and CO2 emissions of these building materials. This study identified the top five most used construction materials (cement, sand, coarse aggregates, hollow concrete blocks, and reinforcement bars), which are also prime sources of waste generation during construction in the Ethiopian building construction sector. Then, what followed was the evaluation of the embodied energies and CO2 emissions of these materials by examining five commercial and public buildings within the cradle-to-site lifecycle boundary. The evaluation results demonstrated that cement, hollow concrete blocks (HCB), and reinforcement bars (rebars) are the major consumers of energy and major CO2 emitters. Cumulatively, they were responsible for 94% of the embodied energy and 98% of the CO2 emissions. The waste part of the construction materials has inflated the embodied energy and the subsequent CO2 emissions considerably. The study also recommended several strategies for the reduction of embodied energy and the related CO2 emissions. The research delivers critical insights into embodied energy and CO2 emissions of the five most used building materials in the Ethiopian construction industry, as there are no prior studies on this theme. This might be a cause to arouse awareness and interest among the policy makers and the wider public to clearly understand the importance of research on this crucial issue to develop national energy and CO2 descriptors for construction materials, in order to take care of our naturally endowed, but yet fragile, human habitat.

Continuum-Micromechanical Modeling of Microcapsules-Based Composites

2017 ◽  
Vol 909 ◽  
pp. 311-316
Author(s):  
Abdalla Ahmed ◽  
Kazuaki Sanada ◽  
Mohamed Fanni ◽  
Ahmed Abd El-Moneim
Keyword(s):  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Micromechanical Modeling ◽  
Service Needs ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Numerical Investigations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
Properties Of Composites

Microcapsules are used in a wide range of applications, especially in self-healing composite materials and phase change materials. There is a growing body of literature that recognizes the importance of reinforcement on the mechanical properties of composites, however the effect of microcapsules during service needs to be further investigated. In this study, numerical investigations were conducted to examine the effects of the various geometric parameters on the mechanical behavior of microcapsules-based composites. The effective Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio of core-shell microcapsules distributed in a continuous matrix were predicted. A detailed three-dimensional finite element modeling (FEM) was presented. The numerical results were compared with a hierarchical proposed analytical model for three-constituent composites. Good agreements were achieved.

scholarly journals Department of building materials and products: history and modernity

New Collegium ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (102) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
E. Dedeneva ◽  
V. Bondar ◽  
I. Kazimagomedov ◽  
Т. Kostyuk
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Educational Support ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
National University ◽  
Institute Of Technology

The Department of Building Materials and Products of the Kharkiv National University of Construction and Architecture in 2020 celebrates its ninetieth anniversary. She counts her age since 1930, when the Kharkov Civil Engineering Institute was founded, separated from the construction faculty of the Kharkov Institute of Technology. Construction materials science, as the main general educational and fundamental discipline for future specialists of all construction specialties and architects, absorbs various sciences, disciplines and contacts a wide range of materials, products, technologies. The highly qualified team of the teaching staff and educational support personnel of the Department of Building Materials and Products has been providing high-quality training for the construction industry for 90 years. The staff of the department, relying on their educational, pedagogical and scientific experience, adjust and create new work programs, taking as a basis the primary fundamental knowledge and requirements for the modernization of vocational education in Ukraine. Today the department has the opportunity to carry out experiments to assess the quality of common building materials. Thanks to the constant contacts of the department with industrial and trade organizations, the collection of samples and brochures of new domestic and foreign finishing materials (ceramics, polymer products, dry building mixtures, etc.) has been almost completely updated and is constantly updated during practical training. The friendly and creative team of the department is optimistic about the 90th anniversary of the department and KNUSA.

Nanocellulose-based Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amalnath John ◽  
Wen Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Polymer Networks ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Materials Used

Hydrogels are three-dimensional polymer networks capable of absorbing and holding a large amount of water. They have a wide range of biomedical applications including drug carriers, biosensors, tissue scaffolds and wound dressings owning to their innate resemblance to the living tissue. Recently biodegradable and renewable natural polymers, especially nanocellulose, have gained immense attention in the development of hydrogels for biomedical applications. This review provides a brief analysis of the various nanocellulosic materials used in the fabrication of hydrogels for various biomedical applications. Recent developments in high performance hydrogels based on nanocellulose, including self-healing, highly tough and/or stretchable and 3D printable hydrogels will also be covered in this review.

Bioactive Additives for Self-Healing of Concretete Microstructure

2019 ◽  
Vol 945 ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
Michail Bruyako ◽  
L. Grigoryeva
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Bioactive Component ◽  
Biological Surface ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Active Substances

As a result of the influence of the corrosive environment, the construction materials have a decrease in performance. To increase the service life of the structures, continuous monitoring and, if necessary, restorative repairs are carried out. One of the ways to maintain the initial properties for materials is to give them a self-healing effect by introducing a specially developed additive containing a bioactive component in the manufacturing process. The article presents the results of research on the ability of building materials based on mineral binders to self-repair. Mixtures containing nutrient medium for the biomass of aerobic bacteria were used as bioadditives. Portland cement and gypsum binder were used as mineral binders. The obtained results allow to make a conclusion about a significant change in the rheological properties of cement-sand mortars due to the presence of biological surface-active substances that are part of the cells of microorganisms. The effect of changing the concentration of cells on the setting time and on the strength characteristics of cement-sand mortars was established.

scholarly journals Two-dimensional Talbot effect of the optical vortices and their spatial evolution

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis A. Ikonnikov ◽  
Sergey A. Myslivets ◽  
Mikhail N. Volochaev ◽  
Vasily G. Arkhipkin ◽  
Andrey M. Vyunishev
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Visible Range ◽  
Optical Vortices ◽  
Spatial Evolution ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Talbot Effect ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractWe report on the experimental and theoretical study of the near-field diffraction of optical vortices (OVs) at a two-dimensional diffraction grating. The Talbot effect for the optical vortices in the visible range is experimentally observed and the respective Talbot carpets for the optical vortices are experimentally obtained for the first time. It is shown that the spatial configuration of the light field behind the grating represents a complex three-dimensional lattice of beamlet-like optical vortices. A unit cell of the OV lattice is reconstructed using the experimental data and the spatial evolution of the beamlet intensity and phase singularities of the optical vortices is demonstrated. In addition, the self-healing effect for the optical vortices, which consists in flattening of the central dip in the annular intensity distribution, i.e., restoring the image of the object plane predicted earlier is observed. The calculated results agree well with the experimental ones. The results obtained can be used to create and optimize the 3D OV lattices for a wide range of application areas.

scholarly journals Special Issue of Environment-Friendly Construction Materials

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaopeng Wu ◽  
Inge Hoff ◽  
Serji Amirkhanian ◽  
Yue Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Material Design ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Pavement Materials ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Cold Recycling

This special issue, “Environment-Friendly Construction Materials”, has been proposed and organized as a means to present recent developments in the field of construction materials. For this reason, the articles highlighted in this editorial relate to different aspects of construction materials, from pavement materials to building materials, from material design to structural design, from self-healing to cold recycling, from asphalt mixture to cement concrete.

scholarly journals Interaction and transformation of metastable defects in intercalation materials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg Gorobtsov ◽  
Hayley Hirsh ◽  
Minghao Zhang ◽  
Dina Sheyfer ◽  
Stephanie Matson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Domain Boundary ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Local Strain ◽  
Rechargeable Batteries ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Glissile Dislocation ◽  
Equilibrium Defects ◽  
Intercalation Materials

Abstract Non-equilibrium defects often dictate macroscopic functional properties of materials. In intercalation hosts, widely used in rechargeable batteries, high-dimensional defects largely define reversibility and kinetics. However, transient defects briefly appearing during ionic transport have been challenging to capture, limiting the understanding of their life cycle and impact. Here, we overcome this challenge and track operando the interaction and impact of metastable defects within NaxNi1-xMnyO2 intercalation hosts in a charging sodium-ion battery. Three-dimensional coherent X-ray imaging reveals transformation and self-healing of a metastable domain boundary, glissile dislocation loop, and stacking fault. A local strain gradient suggests a quantifiable difference in ion diffusion, coincident with the macroscopic change in diffusion coefficient. Analysis of the unexpected defect anisotropy highlights the importance of mesostructure, suggesting a possible control approach and disputing the rigidity of the framework layers. The shared nature of oxygen framework layers makes our results applicable to a wide range of intercalation materials.

scholarly journals Effective building materials using technogenic waste and mineral raw materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 340 ◽  
pp. 01003
Author(s):  
Liliya Berdnikova ◽  
Fedor Gorbunov ◽  
Andrey Lapin
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Slip Casting ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Mineral Raw Materials ◽  
Technogenic Waste ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Dry Pressing

The results of research on the development of compositions of construction materials for structural purposes based on technogenic waste and mineral raw materials are presented. The possibility of obtaining materials with a wide range of operational properties by the methods of slip casting (compressive strength of the samples based on chamotte and sand is 53.0–95.9 and 50.0-69.5 MPa, bending strength is 8.1–16.5 and 8.5–15.3 MPa, abrasion is 0.2–0.36 and 0.15–0.39 g/cm2, respectively) and semi-dry pressing (compressive strength of the samples based on chamotte and sand are 19.1–43.5 and 18.3–32.6 MParespectively) isdemonstrated.

scholarly journals Foams based on industrial waste

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Manakova
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Foam Glass ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Microscopic Studies

Substantial volumes of tailings and waste rocks placed in dumps create serious environmental and economic damage in mining areas and adjacent territories. The development of technologies for processing waste into heat-insulating building materials (foam glass) will make it possible to reduce the burden on the environment, as well as reduce the cost of finished building products. The article substantiates the possibility of obtaining block foamed materials for the production of heat-insulating materials based on man-made waste using low-temperature technology. The author investigated the ways of improving the operational properties of foam silicates by introducing modifying additives (apatite-nepheline waste, fly ash). To obtain foam silicates based on silica-containing waste, a liquid glass composition was prepared, into which additives were introduced. After molding and drying, the samples were swollen. Physical, chemical and thermal properties of foamed silicate materials made of silica-containing raw materials were determined taking into account the requirements of GOST for thermal insulation construction materials. To determine the thermal conductivity coefficient, an ITP-MG 4 electronic thermal conductivity meter was used. Microscopic studies were carried out using a SEM LEO 420 scanning microscope. The author of the article proposes the optimal compositions and conditions for obtaining foam materials that meet the regulatory requirements for materials and products for building insulation. Foamed materials with density up to 0.55 g/cm3, strength 5.5 MPa, water absorption 15–22 %, thermal conductivity 0.09–0.104 W•m/K were obtained. Foam glass materials have a wide range of properties: non-flammable, environmentally friendly, have a long service life, and are not subject to mold deterioration. The obtained materials can be recommended for use as thermal insulation in the construction and reconstruction of industrial and civil buildings and structures.

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