scholarly journals The Response of Soil Nutrients and Microbial Community Structures in Long-Term Tea Plantations and Diverse Agroforestry Intercropping Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7799
Author(s):  
Guolin Zhang ◽  
Xingbiao Chu ◽  
Hanyang Zhu ◽  
Dongsheng Zou ◽  
Longcheng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Community Structures ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Microbial Community Structures ◽  
Tea Plantations

During tea cultivation, diverse agroforestry is an important and established intercropping measure, with most studies concentrating on ecological service provision and economic returns. However, the response of soil nutrients and microbial community structures in long-term tea plantations with diverse agroforestry intercropping systems is poorly understood. In the present field study (2015), three intercropping agroforestry-tea patterns (Osmanthus-Tea (OT), Michelia-Tea (MT), Osmanthus-Michelia-Tea (OMT)) along with a study control (C) were examined in terms of these two knowledge gaps. Results showed that, in terms of tea cultivation, the OMT system is more suitable than the OT and MT systems. The OMT system significantly increased the total nitrogen (TN, 16.4%), total potassium (TK, 10.5%), available nitrogen (AN, 14.2%), available phosphorus (AP, 26.7%) and soil organic matter (SOM, 28.9%). The OMT system increased phylum Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes abundance by 35.8% and 9.6%. In addition, the OMT system enhanced the abundance of class Bacteroidia (99.5%), Erysipelotrichia (96.9%), Clostridia (93.5%) and Actinobacteria (19.6%), respectively. In general, the phylum bacteria Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria accounted for the largest proportion of bacteria in all three intercropping systems. In this study, the abundance of Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes were positively correlated with AN, SOM and TP. The results of the present study will help to develop a better understanding of the benefits imposed by different agroforestry intercropping systems on nutrient dynamics and microbial structural diversity during tea cultivation.

Long-term use of green manure legume and chemical fertiliser affect soil bacterial community structures but not the rate of soil nitrate decrease when excess carbon and nitrogen are applied

Soil Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Misato Toda ◽  
Yoshitaka Uchida
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Community Structures ◽  
Hairy Vetch ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Microbial Community Structures ◽  
Chemical Fertiliser

Legumes add not only nitrogen (N), but also carbon (C) to soils, so their effects on the soil microbial community may be different from those of chemical fertiliser. Soil microbes often compete with plants for N when excess C is applied due to their increased N immobilisation potentials and denitrification. In the present study we evaluated the effects of the 9-year use of a green manure legume (hairy vetch; Vicia villosa) in a greenhouse tomato system on soil microbial community structures as well as on the decrease of nitrate when rice straw was incorporated into the soil. Soil microbial community structures and their diversity were altered by the long-term use of legumes. The ratios of Acidobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes and Proteobacteria increased in the hairy vetch soils. The rates of decrease in nitrate were similar in soils with a history of chemical fertiliser and hairy vetch, following the addition of rice straw. In addition, during incubation with added rice straw, the difference between the two soil microbial community structures became less clear within 2 weeks. Thus, we conclude that even though growing a green manure legume changed soil bacterial community structures, this did not result in relatively faster loss of available N for plants when rice straw was added to the soils.

scholarly journals Vertical Distributions of Soil Nutrients and Their Stoichiometric Ratios as Affected by Long Term Grazing and Enclosing in a Semi-Arid Grassland of Inner Mongolia

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 382
Author(s):  
Juan Hu ◽  
Daowei Zhou ◽  
Qiang Li ◽  
Qicun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Vertical Distributions ◽  
Stoichiometric Ratios ◽  
Semi Arid

Grazing and enclosing are two of the most important grassland managements. In order to evaluate the effects of different managements on the ecosystem balance of grassland, the vertical distributions of soil nutrients and their stoichiometric ratios were determined in the plots of grazing and enclosing over 38 years in a semi-arid grassland of Inner Mongolia. The results showed that total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), available nitrogen (AN), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and sulfur (S) contents in 0–100 cm soil in the long term enclosing plot were lower than the long term grazing plot and these changes were much greater in the surface soil than in deep soil. However, the soil organic carbon (SOC) and available phosphorus (AP) contents in the long term enclosing plot in the surface soil were higher (p < 0.01) compared with the long term grazing plot. In addition, long term enclosing increased the C/N ratio in each soil layer and improved C/K and C/P ratios in the surface soil compared with long term grazing. However, significant decreases of N/P and N/K ratios in the long term enclosing plot in each soil layer were observed. In conclusion, enclosing for 38 years decreased most of nutrients and reduced the nutrients’ mineralization in the surface soil especially and thus might restrict nutrients cycling in a semi-arid grassland of Inner Mongolia.

scholarly journals Microbial Population Changes during Bioremediation of an Experimental Oil Spill

1999 ◽  
Vol 65 (8) ◽  
pp. 3566-3574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah J. MacNaughton ◽  
John R. Stephen ◽  
Albert D. Venosa ◽  
Gregory A. Davis ◽  
Yun-Juan Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Phospholipid Fatty Acid ◽  
Community Structures ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Dgge Analysis ◽  
16S Rdna Pcr ◽  
Microbial Community Structures ◽  
Plfa Analysis

ABSTRACT Three crude oil bioremediation techniques were applied in a randomized block field experiment simulating a coastal oil spill. Four treatments (no oil control, oil alone, oil plus nutrients, and oil plus nutrients plus an indigenous inoculum) were applied. In situ microbial community structures were monitored by phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis and 16S rDNA PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) to (i) identify the bacterial community members responsible for the decontamination of the site and (ii) define an end point for the removal of the hydrocarbon substrate. The results of PLFA analysis demonstrated a community shift in all plots from primarily eukaryotic biomass to gram-negative bacterial biomass with time. PLFA profiles from the oiled plots suggested increased gram-negative biomass and adaptation to metabolic stress compared to unoiled controls. DGGE analysis of untreated control plots revealed a simple, dynamic dominant population structure throughout the experiment. This banding pattern disappeared in all oiled plots, indicating that the structure and diversity of the dominant bacterial community changed substantially. No consistent differences were detected between nutrient-amended and indigenous inoculum-treated plots, but both differed from the oil-only plots. Prominent bands were excised for sequence analysis and indicated that oil treatment encouraged the growth of gram-negative microorganisms within the α-proteobacteria andFlexibacter-Cytophaga-Bacteroides phylum. α-Proteobacteria were never detected in unoiled controls. PLFA analysis indicated that by week 14 the microbial community structures of the oiled plots were becoming similar to those of the unoiled controls from the same time point, but DGGE analysis suggested that major differences in the bacterial communities remained.

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