scholarly journals Multi-Agent Based Optimal Operation of Hybrid Energy Sources Coupled with Demand Response Programs

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7756
Author(s):  
Tope Roseline Olorunfemi ◽  
Nnamdi I. Nwulu
Keyword(s):  
Demand Response ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Response Strategy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Operational Cost ◽  
Multi Agent

Electricity is an indispensable commodity on which both urban and rural regions heavily rely. Rural areas where the main grid cannot reach make use of distributed energy resources (DER), especially renewable energy sources (RES), in an islanded microgrid. Therefore, it is necessary to make sure there is a sufficient power supply to balance the demand and supply curve and meet people’s demands. The work done in this paper aims to minimize the daily operating cost of the hybrid microgrid while incorporating a demand response strategy built on an incentive-based demand response (IBDR) model. Three case studies were constructed and analyzed to derive the best, most reduced daily operational cost. This was achieved using the CPLEX solver embedded in algebraic modeling language in the Advanced Interactive Multidimensional Modeling Systems (AIMMS) software with multi-agent system (MAS); the MAS was used to make sure that the developed intelligent-based agents work independently to achieve an optimal microgrid system. The sensitivity analysis employed established that case study 2 gave the most reduced daily operation cost (USD 119), which represents an 8% reduction in the daily operational cost from case study 1 and a 9% reduction from case study 3. Then, we achieved 17% and 25% reductions, as compared to specific other approaches.

scholarly journals Optimal Operation of Microgrid considering Renewable Energy Sources, Electric Vehicles and Demand Response

2019 ◽  
Vol 87 ◽  
pp. 01007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surender Reddy Salkuti
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Demand Response ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
The Cost

This paper proposes a new optimal operation of Microgrids (MGs) in a distribution system with wind energy generators (WEGs), solar photovoltaic (PV) energy systems, battery energy storage (BES) systems, electric vehicles (EVs) and demand response (DR). To reduce the fluctuations of wind, solar PV powers and load demands, the BES systems and DR are utilized in the proposed hybrid system. The detailed modeling of WEGs, solar PV units, load demands, BES systems and EVs has been presented in this paper. The objective considered here is the minimization of total operating cost of microgrid, and it is formulated by considering the cost of power exchange between the main power grid and microgrid, cost of wind and solar PV energy systems, cost of BES systems, EVs and the cost due to the DR in the system. Simulations are performed on a test microgrid, and they are implemented using GAMS software. Various case studies are performed with and without considering the proposed hybrid system.

scholarly journals An Optimal Energy Optimization Strategy for Smart Grid Integrated with Renewable Energy Sources and Demand Response Programs

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 5718
Author(s):  
Kalim Ullah ◽  
Sajjad Ali ◽  
Taimoor Ahmad Khan ◽  
Imran Khan ◽  
Sadaqat Jan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Demand Response ◽  
Optimization Model ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Optimization Strategy ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Demand Response Programs ◽  
Operation Cost

An energy optimization strategy is proposed to minimize operation cost and carbon emission with and without demand response programs (DRPs) in the smart grid (SG) integrated with renewable energy sources (RESs). To achieve optimized results, probability density function (PDF) is proposed to predict the behavior of wind and solar energy sources. To overcome uncertainty in power produced by wind and solar RESs, DRPs are proposed with the involvement of residential, commercial, and industrial consumers. In this model, to execute DRPs, we introduced incentive-based payment as price offered packages. Simulations are divided into three steps for optimization of operation cost and carbon emission: (i) solving optimization problem using multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA), (ii) optimization of operating cost and carbon emission without DRPs, and (iii) optimization of operating cost and carbon emission with DRPs. To endorse the applicability of the proposed optimization model based on MOGA, a smart sample grid is employed serving residential, commercial, and industrial consumers. In addition, the proposed optimization model based on MOGA is compared to the existing model based on multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) algorithm in terms of operation cost and carbon emission. The proposed optimization model based on MOGA outperforms the existing model based on the MOPSO algorithm in terms of operation cost and carbon emission. Experimental results show that the operation cost and carbon emission are reduced by 24% and 28% through MOGA with and without the participation of DRPs, respectively.

scholarly journals Management and Activation of Energy Flexibility at Building and Market Level: A Residential Case Study

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Taddeo ◽  
Alba Colet ◽  
Rafael E. Carrillo ◽  
Lluc Casals Canals ◽  
Baptiste Schubnel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Demand Response ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Electricity Sector ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Real Test

The electricity sector foresees a significant change in the way energy is generated and distributed in the coming years. With the increasing penetration of renewable energy sources, smart algorithms can determine the difference about how and when energy is produced or consumed by residential districts. However, managing and implementing energy demand response, in particular energy flexibility activations, in real case studies still presents issues to be solved. This study, within the framework of the European project “SABINA H2020”, addresses the development of a multi-level optimization algorithm that has been tested in a semi-virtual real-time configuration. Results from a two-day test show the potential of building’s flexibility and highlight its complexity. Results show how the first level algorithm goal to reduce the energy injected to the grid is accomplished as well as the energy consumption shift from nighttime to daytime hours. As conclusion, the study demonstrates the feasibility of such kind of configurations and puts the basis for real test site implementation.

scholarly journals Optimal Operation of Biomass Gasifier Based Hybrid Energy System

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Balamurugan ◽  
S. Kumaravel ◽  
S. Ashok
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Optimal Allocation ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Hybrid Energy System ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Typical Day

The focus of the world on renewable energy sources is growing rapidly due to its availability and environment friendliness. However, the renewable energy influenced by natural conditions is being intermittent, it is difficult to accomplish stable energy supply only by one kind of renewable energy source. In order to achieve reliability, it is necessary to integrate two or more energy sources together in an optimal way as hybrid energy system. Optimal allocation of sources, unpredictable load demand, intermittent behaviors of sources, and charging and discharging of storage devices are the major challenges in operating a hybrid energy system. A new controller algorithm is developed and implemented in controller hardware to overcome the above issues. The controller is incorporated in biomass gasifier-based hybrid energy system in a university campus at south India. A case study is carried out in real-time at the site for a typical day. From the experimentation, it is estimated that the annual savings in the operating cost are Rs 375,459.00 ($8475.4) for the optimal allocation of the sources by the controller.

Environmental, social and health benefits of alternative renewable energy sources. Case study for household biogas digesters in rural areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 297 ◽  
pp. 126722
Author(s):  
C.A. Pizarro-Loaiza ◽  
A. Antón ◽  
M. Torrellas ◽  
P. Torres-Lozada ◽  
J. Palatsi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Energy Sources

scholarly journals Solid Biomass Energy Potential as a Development Opportunity for Rural Communities

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3398
Author(s):  
Mariusz Jerzy Stolarski ◽  
Paweł Dudziec ◽  
Michał Krzyżaniak ◽  
Ewelina Olba-Zięty
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Development Opportunity ◽  
Biomass Resources ◽  
Administrative Units ◽  
Solid Biomass

Conventional energy sources often do not fully satisfy the needs of a modern economy, especially given the climate changes associated with them. These issues should be addressed by diversification of energy generation, including the development of renewable energy sources (RES). Solid biomass will play a major part in the process in Poland. The function of rural areas, along with a well-developed agricultural and forest economy sector, will be a key aspect in this as these areas are suitable for solid biomass acquisition in various ways. This study aimed to determine the solid biomass energy potential in the commune of Goworowo to illustrate the potential in the smallest administrative units of Poland. This research determined the environmental and natural conditions in the commune, which helped to identify the crucial usable solid biomass resources. The total energy potential of solid biomass resources in the commune of Goworowo amounted to 97,672 GJ y−1. The highest potential was accumulated in straw surplus (37,288 GJ y−1) and the lowest was in wood from roadside maintenance (113 GJ y−1). This study showed that rural areas could soon play a significant role in obtaining solid biomass, and individual communes could become spaces for the diversification of energy feedstock.

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