scholarly journals An Optimal Energy Optimization Strategy for Smart Grid Integrated with Renewable Energy Sources and Demand Response Programs

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 5718
Author(s):  
Kalim Ullah ◽  
Sajjad Ali ◽  
Taimoor Ahmad Khan ◽  
Imran Khan ◽  
Sadaqat Jan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Demand Response ◽  
Optimization Model ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Optimization Strategy ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Demand Response Programs ◽  
Operation Cost

An energy optimization strategy is proposed to minimize operation cost and carbon emission with and without demand response programs (DRPs) in the smart grid (SG) integrated with renewable energy sources (RESs). To achieve optimized results, probability density function (PDF) is proposed to predict the behavior of wind and solar energy sources. To overcome uncertainty in power produced by wind and solar RESs, DRPs are proposed with the involvement of residential, commercial, and industrial consumers. In this model, to execute DRPs, we introduced incentive-based payment as price offered packages. Simulations are divided into three steps for optimization of operation cost and carbon emission: (i) solving optimization problem using multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA), (ii) optimization of operating cost and carbon emission without DRPs, and (iii) optimization of operating cost and carbon emission with DRPs. To endorse the applicability of the proposed optimization model based on MOGA, a smart sample grid is employed serving residential, commercial, and industrial consumers. In addition, the proposed optimization model based on MOGA is compared to the existing model based on multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) algorithm in terms of operation cost and carbon emission. The proposed optimization model based on MOGA outperforms the existing model based on the MOPSO algorithm in terms of operation cost and carbon emission. Experimental results show that the operation cost and carbon emission are reduced by 24% and 28% through MOGA with and without the participation of DRPs, respectively.

scholarly journals Key Factors Which Contribute to the Participation of Consumers in Demand Response Programs and Enable the Proliferation of Renewable Energy Sources

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 8273
Author(s):  
Adrian Tantau ◽  
András Puskás-Tompos ◽  
Costel Stanciu ◽  
Laurentiu Fratila ◽  
Catalin Curmei
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Demand Response ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Consumer Behaviour ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Demand Response Programs

Consumer behaviour in the energy field is playing a more important role in the new approach dominated by the proliferation of renewable energy sources. In this new context, the grid has to balance the intermittent and uncertain renewable energy generated, and find solutions, also, on the consumer side for increasing the stability and reliability of the energy system. The main de-mand response solutions are price and incentive based, but there is a need to identify the main factors which can influence their efficiency due to the fact that there is a lack of knowledge about the preferences of consumers. The main goal of this article is to identify the main demand response solutions and the related key factors which influence the participation of consumers in demand response programs and may contribute to the spread of renewable energy sources. For this research, semi-structured interviews were organised with experts in energy from Romania, Hungary and Serbia, as well as workshops with experts in energy, and an online survey with customers for electricity. This article reduces the gap between the results of technical studies, related in demand response programs, and their practical implementations, where the consumer behaviour and its social dimensions are neglected even though, in reality, they are playing the main role. The results suggest that the consumer’s participation in demand response programs is highly influenced by different aspects related to the promotion of the renewable energy and the reduction of CO2 emissions and the global warming impact.

scholarly journals A novel optimization model for integrating carbon constraint with demand response and real-time pricing

2020 ◽  
pp. 2050005
Author(s):  
Dinh Hoa Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Demand Response ◽  
Optimization Model ◽  
Consumer Satisfaction ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Power Scheduling ◽  
Generation Cost ◽  
Real Time Pricing

Since the global warming has recently become more severe causing many serious changes on the weather, economy, and society worldwide, lots of efforts have been put forward to prevent it. As one of the most important energy sectors, improvements in electric power grids are required to address the challenge of suppressing the carbon emission during electric generation especially when utilizing fossil-based fuels, while increasing the use of renewable and clean sources. This paper hence presents a novel optimization model for tackling the problems of optimal power scheduling and real-time pricing in the presence of a carbon constraint while taking into account a demand response possibility, which may provide a helpful method to limit the carbon emission from conventional generation while promoting renewable generation. The critical aspects include explicitly integrating the cost of emission with the total generation cost of conventional generation and combining it with the consumer satisfaction function. As such, conventional generation units must carefully schedule their power generation for their profits, while consumers, with the help from renewable energy sources, are willing to adjust their consumption to change the peak demand. Overall, a set of compromised solution called the Pareto front is derived upon which the conventional generating units choose their optimal generation profile to satisfy a given carbon constraint.

scholarly journals Multi-Agent Based Optimal Operation of Hybrid Energy Sources Coupled with Demand Response Programs

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7756
Author(s):  
Tope Roseline Olorunfemi ◽  
Nnamdi I. Nwulu
Keyword(s):  
Demand Response ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Response Strategy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Operational Cost ◽  
Multi Agent

Electricity is an indispensable commodity on which both urban and rural regions heavily rely. Rural areas where the main grid cannot reach make use of distributed energy resources (DER), especially renewable energy sources (RES), in an islanded microgrid. Therefore, it is necessary to make sure there is a sufficient power supply to balance the demand and supply curve and meet people’s demands. The work done in this paper aims to minimize the daily operating cost of the hybrid microgrid while incorporating a demand response strategy built on an incentive-based demand response (IBDR) model. Three case studies were constructed and analyzed to derive the best, most reduced daily operational cost. This was achieved using the CPLEX solver embedded in algebraic modeling language in the Advanced Interactive Multidimensional Modeling Systems (AIMMS) software with multi-agent system (MAS); the MAS was used to make sure that the developed intelligent-based agents work independently to achieve an optimal microgrid system. The sensitivity analysis employed established that case study 2 gave the most reduced daily operation cost (USD 119), which represents an 8% reduction in the daily operational cost from case study 1 and a 9% reduction from case study 3. Then, we achieved 17% and 25% reductions, as compared to specific other approaches.

scholarly journals A Critical Assessment of Demand Response Programs Applied for Optimal Energy Management in Microgrids

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S7) ◽  
pp. 344-349
Keyword(s):  
Energy Management ◽  
Demand Response ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Weather Condition ◽  
Optimal Energy ◽  
Autonomous Mode ◽  
Optimal Energy Management ◽  
Demand Response Programs ◽  
Microgrid Energy Management

Microgrid Energy Management is done to optimize microgrid performance. Power from Wind Turbines (WT) and Photo Voltaic (PV) modules into a microgrid addresses both factors of environmental concerns as well as sustainable energy production. Point of coupling with utility main grid is disconnected when microgrid functions in autonomous mode and it enhances steady microgrid operation when traditional grids face blackouts. Clean and renewable energy sources being easily affected by variation in weather condition, so taking into account of this uncertainty is essential while formulating power flow problem which can be done through demand response programs. This paper aims to investigate results obtained from research of several researchers scrutinizingly and analyzed critically for optimal energy management in microgrids using demand response programs. This paper also highlights the worthy findings of possible areas of research that would enhance the use of demand side management through demand response programs in microgrids.

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