scholarly journals Industrial Agroforestry—A Sustainable Value Chain Innovation through a Consortium Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7126
Author(s):  
Kallappan Thangamuthu Parthiban ◽  
Cruzmuthu Cinthia Fernandaz ◽  
Rajadorai Jude Sudhagar ◽  
Iyapillai Sekar ◽  
Subramani Umesh Kanna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Support System ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Consumption System ◽  
Institutional Mechanism

Agroforestry has been practicedtraditionally in India in the form of subsistence farming, but is being increasingly recognized from the economic point of view, in addition to its positive contribution to the wood-based industrial sector, which has recent origin. Low forest cover, poor productivity and legal restrictions coupled with an increasing demand for wood and wood products due to increasing population, industries and associated policy changes have ushered in a total mismatch between demand and supply. This has attracted increasing attention towards agroforestry. The National Forest Policy of India 1988 has directed all wood-based industries to generate their own raw material resources by linking farmers and extending technology and market support. However, these directives were not taken seriously, and consequently, the achievements that should have taken place in industrial agroforestry and plantation establishment are dismally modest for want of suitable institutional mechanism to resolve the research gaps that exist in the entire Production to Consumption System (PCS). Against this backdrop, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU) has pioneered research by creating a value chain in industrial agroforestry which was initially demonstrated in 200 ha of farmlands through technological, organizational and marketing interventions. Incorporationof high yielding short rotation (HYSR) clones, precision silviculture technology, adoption of multifunctional agroforestry and value addition technology are the major technological interventions that attracted more farmers towards agroforestry development. Conceptualization and successful practice of the contract tree farming model, particularly the quadripartite contract farming model, ensured institutional linkage among the value chain players and facilitated technology transfer, assured buy back, price support system and also institutional credit and insurance. The provision of a market support system for a wide range of pulp wood, plywood, timber, and match wood exerted a significant influence among tree-growing farmers. In order to sustain these value chain innovations and interventions, an institutional mechanism, namely the Consortium of Industrial Agroforestry (CIAF), was established in 2015, which linked all value chain players and aided in resolving the issues in the entire production to consumption system (PCS) of agroforestry on a sustainable basis. Over the years, these innovative interventions have had a significant impact in terms of area increase, productivity and profitability improvement coupled with safeguarding the social and environmental concerns of agroforestry farmers from a holistic perspective. The Consortium-based Value Chain on Industrial Agroforestry model has a very good replication potential not only within India, but also elsewhere across the global landscape.

Value addition, Price spread and Profit margins along the Groundnut value chain- A study in Anantpur district of Andhra Pradesh

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Shakuntala Devi
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Edible Oil ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Value Addition ◽  
Profit Margins ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Price Spread

Groundnut, the most important edible oilseed crop in India and is the low priced commodity with valuable source of all the nutrients. It is the sixth most important oilseed crop in the world. It contains 48-50% of oil and 26-28% of protein, and is a rich source of dietary fiber, minerals, and vitamins. More than seventy percent of the area and production is found in Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka. Anantapur district is the largest groundnut producing district The present study was carried out with the objective of exploring movement of produce along the value chain, the Value addition, Price spread and Profit margins incurred and found that there is a wide range of price gap observed from producer of oilseed to the final consumer of edible oil due to the number of stakeholders involved in the value chain.

scholarly journals Assessing the potential impact of a biorefinery product from sawmill residues on the profitability of a hardwood value chain

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 857-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Hassegawa ◽  
Nancy Gélinas ◽  
Daniel Beaudoin ◽  
Alexis Achim
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Forest Industry ◽  
Profit Margins ◽  
Financial Gain ◽  
A Value ◽  
Major Constraint ◽  
Potential Impact

Due to the high amount of low-quality hardwoods harvested during selection cuts, the forest industry has been facing a decline in profit margins. One possible solution for utilizing the low-quality raw material is the production of extracts. The objective of this work was to estimate to what extent the inclusion of betulin in the traditional wood products portfolio could extend the profitability of a hardwood value chain. The profitability of a selection cut was assessed from the sawmill perspective, followed by an evaluation of the potential financial gain of producing betulin. Finally, the inclusion of betulin in a value chain was assessed. Results showed that the profitability of selection cuts was very low in some forest stands. The sensitivity analysis demonstrated that, among selected costs and revenues, profit was more sensitive to variations in the value of coproducts. If a fraction of coproducts volume was used to extract betulin, it would be sufficient to generate enough revenue to offset the total costs; however, a major constraint was the small size of the current betulin market, with annual sales not exceeding 1000 kg. Despite that, results demonstrate the potentially strong contribution of high value added extracts to the profitability of the forest value chain.

StatSAW: modelling lumber product assortment using zero-inflated Poisson regression

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 638-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Auty ◽  
Alexis Achim ◽  
Pierre Bédard ◽  
David Pothier
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Poisson Regression ◽  
Abies Balsamea ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
End User ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
Size Information ◽  
Product Assortment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Input Prices

Realistic forestry value chain simulations require accurate representations of each component. For primary processing, this is complicated by the fact that a single raw material is converted into a wide range of lumber products. The aim of this study was to develop statistical models for predicting lumber product assortment from tree size information, while taking into account the high proportion of zeros in the data. Lumber recovery was simulated from a database of 1013 laser-scanned Picea mariana (Mill.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. and Abies balsamea (L.) Mill. stems using the sawing simulator Optitek. The number of boards per stem of specific products was modelled with zero-inflated Poisson regression using stem diameter and height as covariates. The number of boards per stem was strongly related to both diameter and height, but also changed according to input prices for lumber products. Zero-inflated models outperformed ordinary Poisson regression in all cases. The developed models will be integrated into simulation tools designed to optimize processes along the entire forest value chain from forest to end user.

scholarly journals An analysis of briquette value chain at the Limsko forest area

2015 ◽  
pp. 111-120
Author(s):  
Nenad Rankovic ◽  
Dragan Nonic ◽  
Jelena Nedeljkovic ◽  
Aleksandar Music
Keyword(s):  
Value Creation ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Woody Biomass ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Manufacturing Enterprise ◽  
Complex Processes

Value creation represents an increase in the value of assets in the manufacturing process. Business processes that lead to value creation can be presented as a value chain. For wood products, total value creation takes place in the complex processes of production and exchange between forestry and timber industry. The research on the use of biomass for energy purposes is increasing in recent decades. Within the research on value chain, in our country were, to less extent were represented those related to woody biomass products. In this sense, the aim of the research is to determine the organization of woody biomass products (briquettes) value chain and its analysis in the Limsko forest area. A ?door-to-door? survey was used as a research technique. Data collection was conducted in the period from April to May of 2013. In total, 19 representatives of enterprises, which are participants in the woody biomass products value chain in the Limsko forest area were surveyed. Manufacturing enterprise, located in Nova Varos, was analysed as the main participant in this chain. In addition, its suppliers (15), wholesaler (1), retailer (1), and consumer (1) were analysed. The manufacturing enterprise exclusively used raw material produced in sawmills. The results indicate that an increase in value occurs, primarily, during the transportation of raw materials from sawmill to the manufacturing enterprise. The next increase in value occurs during the storage of raw materials within the manufacturing enterprise and with the emergence of new stages in the production process, as well as during the transportation of products to the wholesaler, retailer and consumer.

Automation of Process Control in Chemical Plant

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
Agus Sugiarta ◽  
Houtman P. Siregar ◽  
Dedy Loebis
Keyword(s):  
Process Control ◽  
Pid Control ◽  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Chemical Plant ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Material Supply ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Inherent Problem

Automation of process control in chemical plant is an inspiring application field of mechatronicengineering. In order to understand the complexity of the automation and its application requireknowledges of chemical engineering, mechatronic and other numerous interconnected studies.The background of this paper is an inherent problem of overheating due to lack of level controlsystem. The objective of this research is to control the dynamic process of desired level more tightlywhich is able to stabilize raw material supply into the chemical plant system.The chemical plant is operated within a wide range of feed compositions and flow rates whichmake the process control become difficult. This research uses modelling for efficiency reason andanalyzes the model by PID control algorithm along with its simulations by using Matlab.

IMPROVEMENT OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY OF THE ENTERPRISE

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataliya Stoyanets ◽  
◽  
Mathias Onuh Aboyi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Technological Equipment ◽  
Alliance Partner ◽  
Innovation Potential ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Technological Platform ◽  
The Cost

The article defines that for the successful implementation of an innovative project and the introduction of a new product into production it is necessary to use advanced technologies and modern software, which is an integral part of successful innovation by taking into account the life cycle of innovations. It is proposed to consider the general potential of the enterprise through its main components, namely: production and technological, scientific and technical, financial and economic, personnel and actual innovation potential. Base for the introduction of technological innovations LLC "ALLIANCE- PARTNER", which provides a wide range of support and consulting services, services in the employment market, tourism, insurance, translation and more. To form a model of innovative development of the enterprise, it is advisable to establish the following key aspects: the system of value creation through the model of cooperation with partners and suppliers; creating a value chain; technological platform; infrastructure, determine the cost of supply, the cost of activities for customers and for the enterprise as a whole. The system of factors of influence on formation of model of strategic innovative development of the enterprise is offered. The expediency of the cost of the complex of technological equipment, which is 6800.0 thousand UAH, is economically calculated. Given the fact that the company plans to receive funds under the program of socio-economic development of Sumy region, the evaluation of the effectiveness of the innovation project, the purchase of technological equipment, it is determined that the payback period of the project is 3 years 10 months. In terms of net present value (NPV), the project under study is profitable. The project profitability index (PI) meets the requirements for a positive decision on project implementation> 1.0. The internal rate of return of the project (IRR) also has a positive value of 22% because it exceeds the discount rate.

scholarly journals Bio-Based Alternatives to Phenol and Formaldehyde for the Production of Resins

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2237 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Sarika ◽  
Paul Nancarrow ◽  
Abdulrahman Khansaheb ◽  
Taleb Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Wood Industry ◽  
Suitable Material ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Sustainable Materials ◽  
Materials Used

Phenol–formaldehyde (PF) resin continues to dominate the resin industry more than 100 years after its first synthesis. Its versatile properties such as thermal stability, chemical resistance, fire resistance, and dimensional stability make it a suitable material for a wide range of applications. PF resins have been used in the wood industry as adhesives, in paints and coatings, and in the aerospace, construction, and building industries as composites and foams. Currently, petroleum is the key source of raw materials used in manufacturing PF resin. However, increasing environmental pollution and fossil fuel depletion have driven industries to seek sustainable alternatives to petroleum based raw materials. Over the past decade, researchers have replaced phenol and formaldehyde with sustainable materials such as lignin, tannin, cardanol, hydroxymethylfurfural, and glyoxal to produce bio-based PF resin. Several synthesis modifications are currently under investigation towards improving the properties of bio-based phenolic resin. This review discusses recent developments in the synthesis of PF resins, particularly those created from sustainable raw material substitutes, and modifications applied to the synthetic route in order to improve the mechanical properties.

New insights on Laminaria digitata ultrastructure through combined conventional chemical fixation and cryofixation

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christos Katsaros ◽  
Sophie Le Panse ◽  
Gillian Milne ◽  
Carl J. Carrano ◽  
Frithjof Christian Küpper
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
General Structure ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Rocky Shores ◽  
Chemical Fixation ◽  
Laminaria Digitata ◽  
Vegetative Cells ◽  
Biological Studies ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract The objective of the present study is to examine the fine structure of vegetative cells of Laminaria digitata using both chemical fixation and cryofixation. Laminaria digitata was chosen due to its importance as a model organism in a wide range of biological studies, as a keystone species on rocky shores of the North Atlantic, its use of iodide as a unique inorganic antioxidant, and its significance as a raw material for the production of alginate. Details of the fine structural features of vegetative cells are described, with particular emphasis on the differences between the two methods used, i.e. conventional chemical fixation and freeze-fixation. The general structure of the cells was similar to that already described, with minor differences between the different cell types. An intense activity of the Golgi system was found associated with the thick external cell wall, with large dictyosomes from which numerous vesicles and cisternae are released. An interesting type of cisternae was found in the cryofixed material, which was not visible with the chemical fixation. These are elongated structures, in sections appearing tubule-like, close to the external cell wall or to young internal walls. An increased number of these structures was observed near the plasmodesmata of the pit fields. They are similar to the “flat cisternae” found associated with the forming cytokinetic diaphragm of brown algae. Their possible role is discussed. The new findings of this work underline the importance of such combined studies which reveal new data not known until now using the old conventional methods. The main conclusion of the present study is that cryofixation is the method of choice for studying Laminaria cytology by transmission electron microscopy.

scholarly journals A Threat of Farmers’ Suicide and the Opportunity in Organic Farming for Sustainable Agricultural Development in India

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karthikeyan Mariappan ◽  
Deyi Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Conventional Farming ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Small Scale Farmers ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Input Cost

Agriculture is the main sources of income for humans. Likewise, agriculture is the backbone of the Indian economy. In India, Tamil Nadu regional state has a wide range of possibilities to produce all varieties of organic products due to its diverse agro-climatic condition. This research aimed to identify the economics and efficiency of organic farming, and the possibilities to reduce farmers’ suicides in the Tamil Nadu region through the organic agriculture concept. The emphasis was on farmers, producers, researchers, and marketers entering the sustainable economy through organic farming by reducing input cost and high profit in cultivation. A survey was conducted to gather data. One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) has been used to test the hypothesis regards the cost and profit of rice production. The results showed that there was a significant difference in profitability between organic and conventional farming methods. It is very transparent that organic farming is the leading concept of sustainable agricultural development with better organic manures that can improve soil fertility, better yield, less input cost and better return than conventional farming. The study suggests that by reducing the cost of cultivation and get a marginal return through organic farming method to poor and small scale farmers will reduce socio-economic problems such as farmers’ suicides in the future of Indian agriculture.

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