scholarly journals Feasibility and Economic Impacts of the Energy Transition

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5345
Author(s):  
Elise Dupont ◽  
Marc Germain ◽  
Hervé Jeanmart
Keyword(s):  
Wind Energy ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Energy Model ◽  
Renewable Energies ◽  
Macroeconomic Model ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Two Sectors

There is currently no consensus regarding whether or not renewable energies are capable of supplying all of our energy needs in the near future. To shed new light on this controversy, this paper develops a methodology articulating a macroeconomic model with two sectors (energy and non-energy) and an energy model that is able to calculate the maximum potentials of solar and wind energy.

scholarly journals Energy Profiling of a High-Altitude Kyrgyz Community: Challenges and Motivations to Preserve Floodplain Ecosystems Based on Household Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 13086
Author(s):  
Kedar Mehta ◽  
Mathias Ehrenwirth ◽  
Siegmund Missall ◽  
Nadira Degembaeva ◽  
Kuban Akmatov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sustainable Energy ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Renewable Energies ◽  
Animal Dung ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Energy Behavior ◽  
Local Ecosystem

The floodplain areas along the Naryn River in Kyrgyzstan are essential as they hold the riparian (local) ecosystems because they provide firewood, pastureland, and areas for recreation and protection against erosion. Due to limited access to adequate, reliable, and sustainable energy services, the rural population usually derived their energy needs from multiple natural energy resources (i.e., firewood, charcoal, agricultural residues, animal dung, and wood branches). This is considered a common and predominant practice in rural Kyrgyzstan. This situation leads to a negative impact on local ecosystem services. In addition to that, the reliance on solid fuels contributes to indoor and outdoor air pollution, which is partially threatening the local ecosystem services. By contrast, the employment of renewable-based energy supply systems would substantially reduce the burden on the environment, which is mainly untapped. To integrate renewable energies, it is important to understand the energy behavior of floodplain communities. In that response, the presented article is the first attempt to capture the energy identity of the floodplain community of Kyrgyzstan based on a quantitative energy-based (on-site) household survey. Furthermore, the present research article synthesizes the driving factors that have a (direct or indirect) impact on the energy and local ecosystem services. In addition, the present article proposes a brief pathway for the sustainable energy transition. The article records the recommendation to integrate renewable energies to preserve the local ecosystems of Kyrgyzstan.

scholarly journals Design of a Smart Nanogrid for Increasing Energy Efficiency of Buildings

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3683
Author(s):  
Yerasimos Yerasimou ◽  
Marios Kynigos ◽  
Venizelos Efthymiou ◽  
George E. Georghiou
Keyword(s):  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Interconnected System ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Energy Domain ◽  
Battery Energy

Distributed generation (DG) systems are growing in number, diversifying in driving technologies and providing substantial energy quantities in covering the energy needs of the interconnected system in an optimal way. This evolution of technologies is a response to the needs of the energy transition to a low carbon economy. A nanogrid is dependent on local resources through appropriate DG, confined within the boundaries of an energy domain not exceeding 100 kW of power. It can be a single building that is equipped with a local electricity generation to fulfil the building’s load consumption requirements, it is electrically interconnected with the external power system and it can optionally be equipped with a storage system. It is, however, mandatory that a nanogrid is equipped with a controller for optimisation of the production/consumption curves. This study presents design consideretions for nanogrids and the design of a nanogrid system consisting of a 40 kWp photovoltaic (PV) system and a 50 kWh battery energy storage system (BESS) managed via a central converter able to perform demand-side management (DSM). The implementation of the nanogrid aims at reducing the CO2 footprint of the confined domain and increase its self-sufficiency.

ANALYSIS OF THE EFFICIENCY AND RISKS OF USING RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN THE ERA OF ENERGY TRANSITION

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
pp. 75-82
Author(s):  
Elena V. Karanina ◽  
◽  
Maxim A. Bortnikov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Electric Power Industry ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Support Program ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Small Hydropower ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Near Future

Many leading world powers are already setting ambitious goals to achieve zero CO2 emis-sions in the electric power industry through the use of renewable energy sources (RES) in the near future. In Russia, this type of generation also received state support, however, more modest, due to the low intercon-nection between Russia and renewable energy sources in terms of the state's energy security. The purpose of the study is to determine the effectiveness of the existing support for renewable energy in the Russian Federation, to assess the feasibility of building these facilities in our country, as well as to provide a scientifically substantiated proposal for alternative ways of developing the industry. The paper analyzes and summarizes the economic aspects of investment and operating activities of wind, solar and small hydropower in Russia. As a result, it was concluded that the pace of development chosen by the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation can be considered correct, but it is necessary to adjust the support program and diversify in terms of the subjectivity of the construction of new generating facilities based on RES.

scholarly journals Rotary Triboelectric Nanogenerators as a Wind Energy Harvester

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S7) ◽  
pp. 321-327
Keyword(s):  
Wind Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Renewable Energy Technologies ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Normal Environment ◽  
Self Powered ◽  
Triboelectric Nanogenerators ◽  
The Many ◽  
Near Future

The present scenario of the world reflects the problem of energy crisis it is facing today. Increasing emissions of harmful gases like various byproducts produced by burning fossil fuels and other flue gases are adding to the worsening environmental conditions. Hence, the need of replenishable and non-conventional sources of energy is more than ever before. TENG or triboelectric nanogenerators show great potential and can be at the frontier of renewable energy technologies in the near future. Among the many applications of TENG as a harvester of abundant environmental energy, the Rotary TENG or the R-TENG is a fascinating newly found type of the same. Rotary TENG has the ability of utilizing the energy present in abundant amount in the environment, like wind energy available in the normal environment of living. Wind speed can also be measured with the help of rotary TENG when used as a self powered sensing elements. This growing field of nanotechnology can be further used in the daily lives of people in coming days.

scholarly journals Induction Generator Characterization for a Medium and Low Power Aerogenerator

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (54) ◽  
pp. e10900
Author(s):  
Julián Esteban Camacho-Quintana ◽  
Jorge Enrique Salamanca-Céspedes ◽  
Adriana Patricia Gallego-Torres
Keyword(s):  
Wind Energy ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Induction Machine ◽  
Renewable Energies ◽  
Induction Generator ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Wind Generators ◽  
Electric Induction ◽  
Machine Analysis

The following paper was part of the research work of the GEOM Seed Plant, which develops medium and low power wind generators. The aim was to develop proposals of prototypes that contribute with innovation and research to the development of non-conventional renewable energies. We studied the behavior of an electric induction generator in order to implement it in a low and medium power wind generator, the study was characterized by using two points of view: theoretical machine analysis and virtual implementation with software-level technological tools such as Simulink. The resulting model meets the climatological conditions of the city of Bogotá, where there are ideal conditions for the exploitation of wind energy, taking the concept of total available power as reference for the analysis of the generator. The electrical and application advantages and disadvantages were analyzed. Finally, it was determined, based on the analysis processes, that the use of an induction machine is more convenient compared to a synchronous one, in order to perform future implementations that are optimal and efficient and support the study and development process of non-conventional renewable energies, particularly wind energy.

The Role of Fossil Fuels in a Hydrogen Economy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hon Chung Lau
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Renewable Energies ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Final Energy Consumption

Abstract The world of energy is transitioning from one based on fossil-fuels to one based on renewable energies and hydrogen as an energy carrier. At present, only 11% of the world's final energy consumption and less than 1% of industrial hydrogen come from renewable energies. Our analysis shows that this energy transition will take several decades because of two factors. First, renewable energies give more CO2 savings in replacing fossil fuels in the power sector than producing hydrogen for heat generation in the industry sector. Therefore, significant quantities of green hydrogen will not be available until renewable energies have replaced fossil fuels in power generation. This will take at least two decades for advanced economies and twice as long for developing economies. Second, even if blue hydrogen produced by fossil fuels with carbon capture and storage (CCS) is available in large quantities, it is still more expensive than blue fossil fuels which is also decarbonized by CCS. Consequently, fossil fuels and CCS will continue to play a key role in this energy transition. To accelerate this energy transition, governments should introduce a significant carbon tax or carbon credit to incentivize companies to implement large-scale CCS projects. Nations whose governments adopt such policies will go through this energy transition faster and benefit from the associated job creation and economic opportunities.

MORPHOLOGICAL AND OPTICAL STUDIES OF PZN-4.5PT NANOPARTICLES THIN FILMS ON NANOSTRUCTURED SILICON SUBSTRATE

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. CA2105-1-CA2105-4
Author(s):  
C. Y. Fall Ndeye ◽  
◽  
M. Touré ◽  
R. Ndioukane ◽  
D. Kobor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Light Power ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Major Player ◽  
Uv Visible

The development of renewable energies is today essential to be able to respond in a sustainably way to the growing energy needs on a global scale, as well as to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions responsible for global warming. Among these energies, photovoltaic technology, which converts light power of the sun (renewable source) into electric power, is a major player in the energy transition. However, there is now a need to develop efficient, competitive and less polluting photovoltaic technologies, allowing more energy to be produced at a lower cost. The Pb (Zn<sub>1/3</sub> Nb<sub>2/3</sub>) O<sub>3</sub> (PZN) relaxor and its solid solutions with ferroelectric PbTiO<sub>3</sub> (PT) are of considerable interest both from the applications point of view and from the scientific point of view. In the past, numerous attempts have been made to prepare and study the properties of these materials in the form of thin layers for photovoltaic applications. However, due to the difficulties in preparing pure phase films with a high PZN content, there is very little knowledge of the properties of these materials. The objective of this work is to prepare PZN-4.5PT nanoparticle thin films, to study in detail their morphological and optical properties. The studies were carried out in three main directions: preparation of thin layers (PZN-PT) by deposit of spin coating, and characterize for optical and morphological properties (SEM). UV-visible measurements allowed us to have reflectance of less than 30% after deposit a thin layer PZN-4.5PT doped 1% Mn and undoped for a 70 at 80% absorption in UV-Visible-NIR.

Emission Aspects of Biomass-Based Advanced Second Generation Bio-Fuels in IC Engines

2020 ◽  
pp. 44-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Sakthivel ◽  
Mohanraj T. ◽  
Joseph John Marshal S. ◽  
Baranitharan P. ◽  
Tamilvanan A. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Energy Scenario ◽  
Ic Engines ◽  
Rapid Industrialization ◽  
Near Future

Rapid industrialization and growth in population in urban regions augment the pollution levels from transportation sectors, especially from diesel fleets. A wide array of research activities were carried out to satisfy the energy needs as well as reduce the emission levels, which poses a big challenge to the research community. In this situation, biomass-derived fuels provide a ray of hope to the research community to address the emission problem by adapting closed carbon cycle at low cost. This chapter gives an overview to the readers about the present energy scenario, biomass-based fuel, upgradation techniques for biomass fuel, and engine adaptability of biomass-based fuels. This chapter provides a clear glimpse of biomass energy, one of the potential energy resources in the near future.

scholarly journals Local Economic Impact of Wind Energy Development: Analysis of the Regulatory Framework, Taxation, and Income for Galician Municipalities

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damián Copena ◽  
David Pérez-Neira ◽  
Xavier Simón
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Rural Municipalities

Wind energy has rapidly developed in the last decades, generating economic impacts at different territorial scales and contributing to rural development. However, few research works have analysed its economic impact at a local scale, especially in rural areas. Galicia is a Spanish region in which 3300 MW of wind energy have been installed in rural municipalities with low levels of socioeconomic activity and important socio-environmental problems. In this sense, the objective of this work is to analyse the local revenues directly derived from wind power activity in relation to changes in the regulatory framework (1995–2017), as well as to quantify those revenues for the year 2017. For this purpose, information has been systematically collected from secondary sources and complemented with 10 years of field and monitoring work on site at the wind farms. This article reveals the relationship between the regulatory framework and the main sources of income associated with wind power generation (conventional and specific taxes, municipal ownership, and other revenues). In 2017, these revenues amounted to 17.8 million euros. This work discusses how the public policies implemented during the analysed time period limited the direct economic impacts of the installation of wind farms on Galician rural municipalities, and consequently hindered rural development.

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