scholarly journals Framing the Values of Vernacular Architecture for a Value-Based Conservation: A Conceptual Framework

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4974
Author(s):  
Obafemi A. P. Olukoya
Keyword(s):  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Participatory Process ◽  
Value Assessment ◽  
A Value ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Flexible Framework ◽  
Value Model ◽  
Contextual Values ◽  
Range Of Values

While a growing number of researchers have provided series of tough critiques of the typology-led heritage value assessment over the recent years, the impacts have been constrained by the continued obsession with expanding the list of the predetermined value typologies rather than escaping its limitations. While these sustained debates have provided important insights, this article argues that operationalizing these predetermined ‘one-size-fits-all’ value typologies is symptomatic of a number of shortcomings, especially in the context of capturing the pluralities of values in contextualized heritage such as vernacular architecture. It also often undermines inclusivity and participation in the valuing processes. However, rather than simply rejecting the values-based paradigm, this article proposes a conceptual value assessment framework that is informed by the theorization of vernacular architecture as a contextualized heritage. The proposed Vernacular Value Model (VVM) puts forward the ‘when(s)’ and ‘how(s)’ of amalgamating both technical and normative processes to capture the range of contextual values present in built vernacular heritage. To this end, this article posits that by drawing on such a proposed flexible framework, the conservation strategy for built vernacular heritage can be propagated as an inclusive and participatory process which captures the wide range of values for a more sustainable practices for conservation.

Design on Distributed Reconfigurable Satellite Full Life Cycle Value Assessment System

2013 ◽  
Vol 482 ◽  
pp. 287-291
Author(s):  
Xiu Li Han ◽  
Yong Li ◽  
Qing Rui Zhou ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Guo Qaing Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Value Assessment ◽  
Application System ◽  
Full Life Cycle ◽  
A Value ◽  
System Life ◽  
Value Model

In order to satisfy the application of space science, space-based remote sensing and environmental monitoring in our country, a value model is proposed for distributed reconfigurable satellite system life cycle value assessment in this paper. Besides, many uncertain factors of multi-aspects are considered in this model. The value model is transferred into value assessment tool by means of programming. In addition, the distributed reconfigurable satellite system developed by this tool and the corresponding value assessment system can be applied to space-based application system which is the current technology of the distributed reconfigure satellite system.

EXTRAORAL AND CBCT DENTAL EXPOSURES IN PORTUGAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 190 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-288
Author(s):  
Hugo Trindade ◽  
Inês Morais ◽  
Abigail Moreira
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Lateral Projection ◽  
The Third ◽  
A Value ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Patient Doses ◽  
Range Of Values ◽  
Made In

Abstract Data from dental extraoral and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) exposures in Portugal (2019) were gathered, and patient doses for standard adult exams were evaluated. In panoramic X-rays, 442 units (34% of the existing licensed units) were tested, with a third quartile value (PKA) of 82 mGy.cm2. For cephalometric radiography (88 units), the third quartile value (Ki) was 0.3 mGy for the posteroanterior projection and 0.2 mGy for lateral projection. In CBCT (69 units), the doses for the placement of an upper first molar implant were evaluated with a third quartile value (PKA) of 820 mGy.cm2. Due to the wide range of values (74–3687 mGy.cm2), the CBCT data were divided by FOV dimensions: for small FOV (average FOV of 7 ×8 cm), a value of 580 mGy.cm2 was obtained and for medium FOV (average FOV of 13 × 12 cm) a value of 1167 mGy.cm2. The number of annual panoramic X-rays made in Portugal was 208 per 1000 inhabitants, which is higher than the value for other countries.

scholarly journals A flexible framework for anomaly Detection via dimensionality reduction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Vafaei Sadr ◽  
Bruce A. Bassett ◽  
M. Kunz
Keyword(s):  
Anomaly Detection ◽  
Dimensionality Reduction ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
High Dimensions ◽  
Detection Algorithms ◽  
Latent Space ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Flexible Framework ◽  
Online Anomaly Detection ◽  
Python Package

AbstractAnomaly detection is challenging, especially for large datasets in high dimensions. Here, we explore a general anomaly detection framework based on dimensionality reduction and unsupervised clustering. DRAMA is released as a general python package that implements the general framework with a wide range of built-in options. This approach identifies the primary prototypes in the data with anomalies detected by their large distances from the prototypes, either in the latent space or in the original, high-dimensional space. DRAMA is tested on a wide variety of simulated and real datasets, in up to 3000 dimensions, and is found to be robust and highly competitive with commonly used anomaly detection algorithms, especially in high dimensions. The flexibility of the DRAMA framework allows for significant optimization once some examples of anomalies are available, making it ideal for online anomaly detection, active learning, and highly unbalanced datasets. Besides, DRAMA naturally provides clustering of outliers for subsequent analysis.

Path Integral Calculations of Particle Self-Energy and Effective Mass in Coulomb Systems

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (04) ◽  
pp. 129-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Sa-Yakanit ◽  
V. D. Lakhno ◽  
Klaus Haß
Keyword(s):  
Effective Mass ◽  
Path Integral ◽  
State Energy ◽  
Coulomb Systems ◽  
Integral Approach ◽  
Coupling Region ◽  
Self Energy ◽  
Consistent Approximation ◽  
A Value ◽  
Wide Range

The generalized path integral approach is applied to calculate the ground state energy and the effective mass of an electron-plasmon interacting system for a wide range of densities. It is shown that in the self-consistent approximation an abrupt transition between the weak coupling and the strong coupling region of interaction exists. The transition occurs at low electron densities according to a value of 418 for rs, when Wigner crystallization is possible. For densities of real metals, the electron bandwidth is calculated and a comparison with experimental results is given.

scholarly journals Entanglement entropy in cubic gravitational theories

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Cáceres ◽  
Rodrigo Castillo Vásquez ◽  
Alejandro Vilar López
Keyword(s):  
Entanglement Entropy ◽  
Gravitational Theory ◽  
Riemann Tensor ◽  
Holographic Entanglement Entropy ◽  
Gravitational Theories ◽  
Entropy Functional ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Splitting Problem ◽  
Range Of Values

Abstract We derive the holographic entanglement entropy functional for a generic gravitational theory whose action contains terms up to cubic order in the Riemann tensor, and in any dimension. This is the simplest case for which the so-called splitting problem manifests itself, and we explicitly show that the two common splittings present in the literature — minimal and non-minimal — produce different functionals. We apply our results to the particular examples of a boundary disk and a boundary strip in a state dual to 4- dimensional Poincaré AdS in Einsteinian Cubic Gravity, obtaining the bulk entanglement surface for both functionals and finding that causal wedge inclusion is respected for both splittings and a wide range of values of the cubic coupling.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Some Methods of Deriving the Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph

1985 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. P. Singh ◽  
C. Corradini ◽  
F. Melone
Keyword(s):  
Peak Flow ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Effective Rainfall ◽  
Unit Hydrograph ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph ◽  
Similar Accuracy ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Range Of Values

The geomorphological instantaneous unit hydrograph (IUH) proposed by Gupta et al. (1980) was compared with the IUH derived by commonly used time-area and Nash methods. This comparison was performed by analyzing the effective rainfall-direct runoff relationship for four large basins in Central Italy ranging in area from 934 to 4,147 km2. The Nash method was found to be the most accurate of the three methods. The geomorphological method, with only one parameter estimated in advance from the observed data, was found to be little less accurate than the Nash method which has two parameters determined from observations. Furthermore, if the geomorphological and Nash methods employed the same information represented by basin lag, then they produced similar accuracy provided the other Nash parameter, expressed by the product of peak flow and time to peak, was empirically assessed within a wide range of values. It was concluded that it was more appropriate to use the geomorphological method for ungaged basins and the Nash method for gaged basins.

Lubricating motion of a sphere towards a thin porous slab with Saffman slip condition

2019 ◽  
Vol 867 ◽  
pp. 949-968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sondes Khabthani ◽  
Antoine Sellier ◽  
François Feuillebois
Keyword(s):  
Slip Length ◽  
Solid Sphere ◽  
Slip Condition ◽  
Darcy Law ◽  
Slab Thickness ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Sphere Radius ◽  
Permeability Parameter ◽  
Interface Slip ◽  
Range Of Values

Near-contact hydrodynamic interactions between a solid sphere and a plane porous slab are investigated in the framework of lubrication theory. The size of pores in the slab is small compared with the slab thickness so that the Darcy law holds there. The slab is thin: that is, its thickness is small compared with the sphere radius. The considered problem involves a sphere translating above the slab together with a permeation flow across the slab and a uniform pressure below. The pressure is continuous across both slab interfaces and the Saffman slip condition applies on its upper interface. An extended Reynolds-like equation is derived for the pressure in the gap between the sphere and the slab. This equation is solved numerically and the drag force on the sphere is calculated therefrom for a wide range of values of the slab interface slip length and of the permeability parameter $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FD}=24k^{\ast }R/(e\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}^{2})$, where $k^{\ast }$ is the permeability, $e$ is the porous slab thickness, $R$ is the sphere radius and $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}$ is the gap. Moreover, asymptotics expansions for the pressure and drag are derived for high and low $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FD}$. These expansions, which agree with the numerics, are also handy formulae for practical use. All results match with those of other authors in particular cases. The settling trajectory of a sphere towards a porous slab in a fluid at rest is calculated from these results and, as expected, the time for reaching the slab decays for increasing slab permeability and upper interface slip length.

The State of the Art of Rubber-Seal Technology

1987 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. Nau
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Working Party ◽  
The State ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Lip Seals ◽  
Alternative Hypotheses ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Range Of Values

Abstract The understanding of the engineering fundamentals of rubber seals of all the various types has been developing gradually over the past two or three decades, but there is still much to understand, Tables V–VII summarize the state of the art. In the case of rubber-based gaskets, the field of high-temperature applications has scarcely been touched, although there are plans to initiate work in this area both in the U.S.A. at PVRC, and in the U.K., at BHRA. In the case of reciprocating rubber seals, a broad basis of theory and experiment has been developed, yet it still is not possible to design such a seal from first principles. Indeed, in a comparative series of experiments run recently on seals from a single batch, tested in different laboratories round the world to the same test procedure, under the aegis of an ISO working party, a very wide range of values was reported for leakage and friction. The explanation for this has still to be ascertained. In the case of rotary lip seals, theories and supporting evidence have been brought forward to support alternative hypotheses for lubrication and sealing mechanisms. None can be said to have become generally accepted, and it remains to crystallize a unified theory.

Digestible cell wall and undigested cellular contents of two grasses of low net energy value for growing cattle

1982 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. W. Moir
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Total Cell ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Previous Evidence ◽  
Energy Value ◽  
A Value ◽  
Net Energy Value ◽  
Range Of Values

SUMMARYIn two grasses of low net energy value for growth and fattening of cattle, digestible cell-wall values were close to 40% of forage organic matter (OM), similar to the expected value for grass. A value of 14% of forage OM for apparently undigested cellular contents in both grasses was just outside the range of values for grass. The data supported previous evidence that total cell wall is the only value that can be used at present to define grass in terms of its digestible dry matter.

Respiratory Mechanics of Sound Production in Chickens and Geese

1978 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-250
Author(s):  
J. H. BRACKENBURY
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory System ◽  
Simultaneous Measurement ◽  
Sound Production ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Respiratory Mechanics ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Tracheal Pressure ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Range Of Values ◽  
Respiratory Movements

1. Air flow, air sac pressure and tracheal pressure were measured in chickens and geese during a variety of different vocal and non-vocal activities. 2. Air flow and air sac pressure may rise to 500 ml s−1 and 60 cmH2O (6 103 N/m2) respectively during a crow in the chicken. During a sequence of honks in the goose the corresponding values are 650 ml s−1 and 25 cmH2O(2.5 × 10 3 N/m2) respectively. 3. The volume of air delivered through the respiratory system during a single crow is more than 400 ml, almost equivalent to the total volume of the lung air sac system. 4. The efficiency of the chicken syrinx as a sound producing instrument, estimated by comparing the sound energy radiated with the energy consumed in the expulsion of air during a crow, appears to be less than 2 %. 5. Cutting the paired sternotrachealis muscles had no effect on vocalization. 6. The measured rates of clucking, cheeping and honking in adult chickens, young chicks and adult geese respectively are comparable to the characteristic rates of panting in these animals. This points to a similarity in the nature of the respiratory movements involved in each case. 7. Simultaneous measurement of tracheal flow and pressure indicate that the glottis is capable of controlling air flow over a wide range of values in the presence of high pressures. During defaecation the valve is closed whilst during coughing it is wide open.

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