scholarly journals A Proposed Theoretical Approach for the Estimation of Seismic Structural Vulnerability of Wastewater Treatment Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4835
Author(s):  
Ploutarchos N. Kerpelis ◽  
Spyridon K. Golfinopoulos ◽  
Dimitrios E. Alexakis
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Structural Data ◽  
Structural Vulnerability ◽  
Concrete Frames ◽  
Technical Data ◽  
Rapid Visual Screening ◽  
Structural Variables

The assessment of seismic vulnerability is critical for lifelines such as wastewater treatment plants (WTPs) because failures may result in environmental degradation, deterioration of water quality and human diseases development. The main scope of this research is the testing and application of a rapid, simple methodology for assessing the seismic structural vulnerability (SSV) of WTPs (according to the qualitative method Rapid Visual Screening), using structural variables as indices of these infrastructures. An original new method involving the assessment of the SSV of thirteen steps (four for a sample set of WTPs and nine for an individual one) is introduced following systematic literature retrieval. The analysis highlights twenty one factors that may determine the SSV of WTPs: three factors involving general characteristics, five factors involving seismicity and geotechnical data, six factors involving technical data (including structural data) and seven additional factors about WTPs’ materials (concrete and the steel reinforcement of concrete frames). The structural data is analyzed to six additional factors. The implementation of the proposed methodology constitutes a simple, rapid methodological approach for assessing the SSV of WTPs using unique factors that were pinpointed and identified for the first time in this study.

scholarly journals Cost of Urban Wastewater Treatment and Ecotaxes: Evidence from Municipalities in Southern Europe

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Encarnación Moral Pajares ◽  
Leticia Gallego Valero ◽  
Isabel Román Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Management Service ◽  
Southern Europe ◽  
Urban Wastewater ◽  
Urban Wastewater Treatment

The principle of cost recovery established by the Water Framework Directive underlines the need for tax rates, which can raise enough revenue to finance the cost of treatments applied to wastewater. The objective of this research is to gain an understanding the different types of charges related to urban wastewater treatment that can be levied by the authorities responsible for this service. This paper also aims to determine whether these taxes contribute to guaranteeing the economic feasibility of the wastewater treatment plants. The proposed methodological approach is applied to 18 municipalities of a province in southern Europe in 2017. The results confirm that in most of these cases, the taxes levied do not guarantee adequate tax revenues to cover the running, maintenance and investment costs of municipal wastewater treatment plants. This situation leads to a lack of financial self-sufficiency in the wastewater management service, meaning that the imbalance between income and expenditure has to be covered by government subsidies. The results of this study will help guide authorities around the world that are in charge of managing urban wastewater treatment services.

scholarly journals Energy Benchmarking and Optimization of Wastewater Treatment Plants in Greece

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Popi Christoforidou ◽  
George Bariamis ◽  
Maria Iosifidou ◽  
Eri Nikolaidou ◽  
Petros Samaras
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Technical Data ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Crucial Component

Wastewater treatment, as a crucial component of the urban water environment, consists of several energy-consumptive stages, therefore efficiency and energy savings measures are essential to maintain them as environmentally sustainable and economically viable. Operational and technical data from WWTPs in Greece have been collected as well as a sample from 61 facilities with key energy profile components. Energy consumption was assessed by specific key performance indicators (KPIs); specific energy consumption expressed per population equivalent (from 3 to 150 kWh/PE), per cubic meter treated (from 0.2 to 2.0 kWh/m3) and per unit of organic load removed (from 0.03 to 7.13 kWh/CODremoved).

scholarly journals Foams in Wastewater Treatment Plants: From Causes to Control Methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cristina Collivignarelli ◽  
Marco Baldi ◽  
Alessandro Abbà ◽  
Francesca Maria Caccamo ◽  
Marco Carnevale Miino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Scientific Method ◽  
Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Management Level ◽  
Future Research Directions

The formation of persistent foams can be a critical problem in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) as it could lead to a series of operational problems, especially the reduction of the overall system performance. To date, the effects of foaming in the WWTPs are a problem that is currently very common and shared, but which to date is treated mainly only at the management level and still too little studied through a globally shared scientific method: the complexity of the phenomenon and the systems have led to numerous partially contradictory descriptions and hypotheses over the years. The goal must be to suggest future research directions and indicate promising strategies to prevent or control the formation of foams in WWTPs. This study examines and investigates the problem of foams by a methodological approach of research through a review on the state of the art: the factors influencing the formation of foams are described first (such as surfactants and/or extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs)), then the known methods for the evaluation of foaming, both direct and indirect, are presented, with the aim of identifying the correct and best (from the management point of view) control and/or prevention strategies to be applied in the future in WWTPs.

scholarly journals VULNERABILITY OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS AND WASTEWATER PUMPING STATIONS TO EARTHQUAKES

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 408-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Zare ◽  
Suzanne Wilkinson ◽  
Regan Potangaroa
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Natural Hazard ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Structural Vulnerability ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Pumping Stations ◽  
Earthquake Vulnerability ◽  
Wastewater Systems ◽  
Earthquake Effects

Earthquakes are the most common natural hazard in New Zealand which can affect lifelines in populated areas. This research takes into account earthquake effects on treatment plants and pumping stations in wastewater systems as a lifeline. Wastewater treatment plants in four earthquake prone areas in New Zealand were selected for the purpose of assessing their vulnerabilities to earthquakes. Results showed that simple upgraded wastewater treatment plants are the most vulnerable type of wastewater treatment plants in New Zealand. Earthquake vulnerability of 45 wastewater pumping stations in 3 earthquake prone cities in New Zealand was also assessed. The assessment proved that non‐structural components are among the most vulnerable parts in wastewater pumping stations. Since structural vulnerability of some wastewater pumping stations is notable, it requires a need for an immediate rehabilitation plan. Santruka Naujojoje Zelandijoje žemes drebejimai yra labiausiai tiketina stichine nelaime, apgyvendintose teritorijose galinti paveikti gyvybiškai svarbius tinklus. Šiame tyrime nagrinejamas žemes drebejimu poveikis nuoteku tinkluose veikiančioms valymo ir pumpavimo stotims, kurios yra gyvybiškai svarbios. Siekiant ivertinti, kaip žemes drebejimai gali pažeisti nuoteku valymo stotis, buvo pasirinktos valymo stotys iš keturiu seismiškai aktyviu Naujosios Zelandijos zonu. Rezultatai parode, kad Naujojoje Zelandijoje labiausiai pažeidžiamos paprastos atnaujintos nuoteku valymo stotys. Ivertintas ir trijuose seismiškai aktyviuose Naujosios Zelandijos miestuose esančiu 45 nuoteku pumpavimo stočiu pažeidžiamumas per žemes drebejimus. Ivertinus nustatyta, kad nuoteku pumpavimo stotyse labiausiai pažeidžiami yra nestruktūriniai elementai. Kadangi kai kuriose nuoteku pumpavimo stotyse struktūru pažeidžiamumas yra didelis, reikia nedelsiant sudaryti rekonstrukcijos plana.

Analysis and balance of phosphorous removal from wastewater at urban wastewater treatment plant

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-151
Author(s):  
Peter Lukac ◽  
Lubos Jurik
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Phosphorus Recovery ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
The Mean

Abstract:Phosphorus is a major substance that is needed especially for agricultural production or for the industry. At the same time it is an important component of wastewater. At present, the waste management priority is recycling and this requirement is also transferred to wastewater treatment plants. Substances in wastewater can be recovered and utilized. In Europe (in Germany and Austria already legally binding), access to phosphorus-containing sewage treatment is changing. This paper dealt with the issue of phosphorus on the sewage treatment plant in Nitra. There are several industrial areas in Nitra where record major producers in phosphorus production in sewage. The new wastewater treatment plant is built as a mechanicalbiological wastewater treatment plant with simultaneous nitrification and denitrification, sludge regeneration, an anaerobic zone for biological phosphorus removal at the beginning of the process and chemical phosphorus precipitation. The sludge management is anaerobic sludge stabilization with heating and mechanical dewatering of stabilized sludge and gas management. The aim of the work was to document the phosphorus balance in all parts of the wastewater treatment plant - from the inflow of raw water to the outflow of purified water and the production of excess sludge. Balancing quantities in the wastewater treatment plant treatment processes provide information where efficient phosphorus recovery could be possible. The mean daily value of P tot is approximately 122.3 kg/day of these two sources. The mean daily value of P tot is approximately 122.3 kg/day of these two sources. There are also two outflows - drainage of cleaned water to the recipient - the river Nitra - 9.9 kg Ptot/day and Ptot content in sewage sludge - about 120.3 kg Ptot/day - total 130.2 kg Ptot/day.

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