scholarly journals How Promotion Incentives and Environmental Regulations Affect China’s Environmental Pollution?

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2907
Author(s):  
Shiwen Liu ◽  
Zhong Zhang ◽  
Guangyao Xu ◽  
Zhen Zhang ◽  
Hongyuan Li
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Performance Appraisal ◽  
Environmental Regulation ◽  
Environmental Regulations ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Appraisal System ◽  
Interaction Terms ◽  
Cooperation Mechanism ◽  
Local Officials ◽  
The Government

As for the academics and policymakers, more attention has been given to the issue on how to reduce environmental pollution through the cooperation of environmental regulation and local officials’ promotion incentives. With the use of a city-level panel data of 266 Chinese cities from 2005 to 2016, this study preliminary explores the impacts of environmental regulations, local officials’ promotion incentives, and their interaction terms on urban environmental pollution at national and regional levels by using the spatial Durbin model. The results indicate that the impacts of environmental regulations and local officials’ promotion incentives on urban environmental pollution have achieved the desired goal with the other’s cooperation, and their interaction term’s coefficients on urban environmental pollution are significantly negative. Moreover, spatial heterogeneity is established, and the uneven development of urban environmental pollution among different regions deserves more attention. In order to effectively reduce the level of urban environmental pollution in China, the government should focus on such solutions as enhancing the implementation and supervision efficiency of environmental regulation, optimizing the performance appraisal system of local officials, improving the synergistic effects of environmental regulations and local officials’ promotion incentives, and establishing a multi-scale spatial cooperation mechanism based on both geographical and economic correlations.

scholarly journals High-speed Railways and Environmental Pollution: The Mediating Effect of Environmental Regulations and Moderating Effect of Officials' Political Promotion Incentives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liping Li ◽  
Yuandi Wang ◽  
Qisheng Chen ◽  
Jiang Wu ◽  
Ximeng Jia
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Environmental Regulations ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Trend Test ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government

Abstract This study examines the relationship between high-speed railways (HSRs) and environmental pollution by focusing on the mediating role of environmental regulations and the moderating role of officials’ political promotion incentives. Based on a sample of 113 prefecture-level cities, with balanced panel data in China from 2009 to 2017, using the difference-in-differences (DID) model, the results show that HSRs can reduce environmental pollution via the mediating effect of environmental regulations. Additionally, high officials’ political promotion incentives can strengthen this mediating effect. A propensity score matching with difference-in-differences (PSM-DID) model is used to solve endogenous problems, and a placebo test and a parallel trend test indicate that these results are robust. This study encourages the government to rationally promote the construction of high-speed railways and expand the social advantages of high-speed railways to improve environmental regulations and reduce environmental pollution.

scholarly journals Research on the Nonlinear Impact of Environmental Regulation on the Efficiency of China’s Regional Green Economy: Insights from the PSTR Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Shuangliang Yao ◽  
Xiang Su
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Environmental Regulation ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Environmental Regulations ◽  
Threshold Model ◽  
Resource Depletion ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Regional Production ◽  
The Impact

This paper uses the super-efficiency SBM model to measure the green economic efficiency considering undesired output and analyzes the spatial distribution difference of green economic efficiency; secondly, the nonlinear panel threshold model is used to empirically study the nonlinear relationship between environmental regulations and green economic efficiency, and further analyzed the threshold effect of environmental regulations on the efficiency of green economy and concluded as follows. (1) The green economy efficiency index in the eastern region is mostly more significant than 1, and the green economy efficiency in most provinces in the eastern region has improved. These provinces have higher regional production levels and less environmental pollution. The green economy efficiency of the central region is second only to the eastern region. The green economy efficiency of provinces in the western region except Chongqing is less than 1, indicating that these provinces have insufficient regional production, severe environmental pollution, or extensive resource depletion. (2) The impact of environmental regulations on the efficiency of the green economy presents an inverted “U” shape, with a threshold of 0.5128 for environmental regulations. The impact of the industrial structure on the efficiency of the green economy changes from inhibition to promotion after crossing the threshold of the intensity of environmental regulation, and the degree of opening to the outside world has a complementary effect on the efficiency of the green economy. The impact of urbanization on the efficiency of the green economy changes from promotion to suppression after surpassing the threshold of the intensity of environmental regulations.

scholarly journals Empirical Analysis on Environmental Regulation Performance Measurement in Manufacturing Industry: A Case Study of Chongqing, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
Pengfei Zhou ◽  
Qiao Fan ◽  
Jia Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measurement ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Environmental Regulation ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Average Efficiency ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
The Government

AbstractIn recent years, China’s environmental pollution is serious, manufacturing industry has become one of the main targets of government environmental regulation. This paper uses the SBM model to calculate efficiency value of 29 manufacturing industries from 2008 to 2017. The results show that the overall performance of environmental regulation in manufacturing industry is high (the average efficiency value is 0.7806), but it shows a declining trend. The efficiency of environmental regulation also varies widely. The government should consider focusing on the 11 industries with low SBM value in the next step to improve the performance of environmental regulation.

scholarly journals Brief Discussion of the Former Performance Appraisal System of Civil Servant under the Law Number 87/89/M in Macau

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
I Man Chiang ◽  
Luis Miguel Dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Performance Appraisal ◽  
Civil Servant ◽  
Appraisal System ◽  
System Framework ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Literature Reviews ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Government ◽  
Research Studies

The Macau Special Administrative Region has experienced a large number of changes before and after the Transfer of Sovereignty over Macau from the Portuguese Republic to the People’s Republic of China during the late 1999s. One of the most significant changes within the government environment should be the reform of civil servant appraisal system. Currently, the civil servants in Macau are using the new civil servant appraisal system framework under the Law Number 31/2004 “Regime geral de avaliação do desempenho dos trabalhadores da Administração Pública”. As the new appraisal system attracts a large number of attentions for research, a satisfied number of literature reviews are stored in the current research bank. However, the literature reviews and research studies about the former civil servant appraisal system framework under the Law Number 87/89/M “Estatuto dos Trabalhadores da Administração Pública de Macau” were mostly written in either Chinese language or Portuguese language. Only very few English written research studies concern the former civil servant appraisal system under the Law Number 87/89/M “Estatuto dos Trabalhadores da Administração Pública de Macau”. Therefore, this paper provides the opportunities for international and English readers to understand the administrative law reform within the Macau environment.

scholarly journals Evolutionary Game Research between the Government Environmental Regulation Intensities and the Pollution Emissions of Papermaking Enterprises

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Sen Zhang ◽  
Guangyuan Qin ◽  
Ling Wang ◽  
Baodong Cheng ◽  
Yuan Tian
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Regulation ◽  
Environmental Regulations ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Successful Probability ◽  
The Government ◽  
Pollution Emissions

Environmental regulations of different intensities may have different impacts on polluting enterprises. The purpose of this article is to analyze how different environmental regulations affect the pollution discharge strategies of papermaking enterprises. By establishing an evolutionary game model between the government environmental regulation intensities and the pollutant emissions from papermaking enterprises, this thesis further solves the model and performs stability analysis and finally uses MATLAB to conduct simulation studies. And the researching results show that papermaking enterprises will take risks to choose the illegal pollutant discharge strategies when the illegal profits are large. Further analysis shows that the increase in the successful probability of the strong environmental regulations does not necessarily force papermaking enterprises to choose to comply with pollution discharge regulations. However, papermaking enterprises may choose to comply with discharge pollution regulations not only by increasing the successful probability of strong environmental regulations but also by increasing the rewards and punishments for papermaking enterprises as well as by increasing the probability of reporting violations of pollutants. Based on the above results, the author proposes several countermeasures, such as establishing a specialized pollution monitoring agency, encouraging third-party supervision, reporting pollution behaviors, and increasing penalties for polluting companies for violations. China is in a critical period of transition from rapid development to high-quality development. It will provide some reliable references for the construction of a green economy and an ecological economy that the characteristics and relationships between the intensity of government environmental regulations and corporate pollution emissions revealed in this article.

Fostering a Culture of Accountability through a Performance Appraisal System

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmita Gillani ◽  
Kristine Jarvi ◽  
Andrew De Angelis
Keyword(s):  
Performance Appraisal ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Senior Management ◽  
Appraisal System ◽  
Healthcare Organizations ◽  
Performance Appraisal System ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Performance ◽  
High Level ◽  
Canadian Healthcare

The current climate in Canadian healthcare requires that healthcare providers be more accountable to the government and other stakeholders. Using a well-structured performance appraisal system that is based on quantifiable objectives and standards, a high level of accountability can be achieved. The objective of this article is to demonstrate how a sound performance appraisal system can increase accountability and performance of healthcare organizations and their senior management.

scholarly journals Nonlinear Effects of Environmental Regulation on Environmental Pollution

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Yuncai Liu ◽  
Nengsheng Luo ◽  
Shusheng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Environmental Regulation ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
Nonlinear Effects ◽  
Theoretical Hypothesis ◽  
Optimal Intensity ◽  
Secondary Industry ◽  
Spatial Autoregressive ◽  
The Government ◽  
Shape Curve

This paper classifies environmental regulation into two types and constructs a theoretical framework to explore the influences of fee-based environmental regulation and invest-based environmental regulation on environmental pollution. It then establishes some dynamic spatial autoregressive nonlinear econometric models to test the theoretical hypothesis based on 30-area panel data from 2004 to 2016. The results illustrate that inverted “U” shape curve relationship exists between fee-based environmental regulation and environmental pollution, while a “U” shape curve relationship between invest-based environmental regulation and environmental pollution exists. In addition, the findings suggest that improving the proportion of secondary industry can directly promote the environmental quality while effectively control of foreign direct investment and fiscal decentralization is also indispensable. Thus, the government should make targeted research about the optimal intensity of fee-based environmental regulation and invest-based environmental regulation and make targeted enterprise policy for the environmental pollution reduce, which contains promoting the energy revolution and strengthening the depth and strength of opening-up step by step.

scholarly journals Effect of Environmental Regulation on Industrial Solid Waste Pollution in China: From the Perspective of Formal Environmental Regulation and Informal Environmental Regulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 7798
Author(s):  
Bei Xiong ◽  
Ruimei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Environmental Regulation ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Environmental Regulations ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Indicator Variable ◽  
Industrial Solid Waste ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Government

To address the concern of environmental pollution, it is necessary to study the effect of environmental regulation on industrial solid waste emission reduction in China. This paper aimed to analyze the effectiveness of provincial environmental regulation (both formal and informal) on the industrial solid waste emission reduction. The results show that both the effect of formal and informal environmental regulations on industrial solid waste emission intensity present an inverted “U” shape. The threshold value of per capita GDP as an indicator variable is CNY 16,299 and CNY 15,572 respectively. The effect on pollution emission reduction will appear when the value is higher than the threshold, and the two-way transmission mechanism between formal and informal environmental regulations does exist. When GDP per capita exceeds CNY 27,961, there is a phenomenon of “rebound” in the effect of informal environmental regulation on pollution reduction. Based on the findings, it was suggested that both formal and informal environmental regulation should be promoted to achieve the goal of industrial solid waste emission reduction. The coordination between formal and informal environmental regulation should be considered when the government makes policies. Different environmental regulation policies should be implemented in different regions. Informal regulation should be enriched and further promoted. Environmental law should play an important role in maintaining the public’s participation in environmental regulation to prevent the failure of informal environmental regulation.

scholarly journals Economic Growth and Pollution Emission in China: Structural Path Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Yang ◽  
Zilong Zhang ◽  
Bing Xue ◽  
Junxia Ma ◽  
Xingpeng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Environmental Regulation ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Environmental Regulations ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Pollutant Emission ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Inhibitory Effects

The relationship between economic growth and environmental pollution has long been a controversial topic. However, simply the detection of the existence of environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) is not enough to understand how economic growth induced environmental pollution. This study investigated the path and mechanism of the effect of economic growth on the emission of two types of environmental pollutants, that is, industrial smoke and dust and sulfur dioxide, by using a structural equation model and a sample of 283 prefecture-level cities in China in 2005 and 2015. The research results show that economic growth exerted both direct and indirect effects on the emission of the two environmental pollutants. In addition to a direct impact through the economic scale effect, economic growth also indirectly impacted the two environmental pollutants emissions through three mediators, that is, industrial structure, technological innovations and environmental regulations. For different pollutants, the effect paths of economic growth on their emission showed both similarities and differences. First, with regards to industrial smoke and dust emissions and sulfur dioxide emissions, the effects of economic growth on the amount of these two emissions through environmental regulations and the industrial structure were negative inhibitory effects and positive promoting effects, respectively. This means that in prefectural-level cities in China, environmental regulation factors have produced some effects in reducing the emissions of these two pollutants while the industrial structure (level of industrialization) can increase the emissions of these two pollutants. However, the effect strength of these two paths shows a gradual weakening. Second, these two paths differ in effect strength and its changes. The positive promoting effects of the industrial structure on pollutant emission are significantly higher than the inhibitory effects of environmental regulation. In addition, our study also found that the direct impact path of economic growth on environmental pollution also passed significance testing, particularly in 2015. This shows that other reasons affect pollutant emission, such as system factors, spatial migration of industries and so forth.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Environmental Regulation, Pollution and Corporate Environmental Responsibility

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 8018
Author(s):  
Mengxin Wang ◽  
Gaoke Liao ◽  
Yanling Li
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Environmental Regulations ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Environmental Responsibility ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
Corporate Environmental Responsibility ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Relationship

The rapid economic development has severely damaged the ecological environment and affected public health. Firms are the main source of pollution; thus, corporate environmental responsibility (CER) has attracted great attention from the government, shareholders and the public. This study used both the fixed effects model and the system GMM (Generalized Method of Moments) model to examine the relationship between environmental pollution, environmental regulations and CER for 30 provinces in China, over the period 2005 to 2015. This study drew the following results: first, mandatory CER disclosure policy can significantly decrease environmental pollution. Second, an inverted U-shaped relationship exists between environmental regulations and environmental pollution. Third, environmental pollution has a positive impact on CER. Fourth, an inverted U-shaped relationship exists between environmental regulations and CER. Therefore, it is necessary to find a balance between environmental regulations affecting environmental pollution and CER so that they can effectively reduce environmental pollution and increase the enthusiasm of firms to carry out environmental responsibility activities.

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