scholarly journals Safeguarding Free-Flowing Rivers: The Global Extent of Free-Flowing Rivers in Protected Areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2805
Author(s):  
Jeffrey J. Opperman ◽  
Natalie Shahbol ◽  
Jeffrey Maynard ◽  
Günther Grill ◽  
Jonathan Higgins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Global Level ◽  
Freshwater Biodiversity ◽  
Effective Protection ◽  
High Discharge ◽  
Inland Water ◽  
Biodiversity Crisis ◽  
Lower Extent ◽  
Aichi Biodiversity Targets

Approximately one-third of long rivers remain free-flowing, and rivers face a range of ongoing and future threats. In response, there is a heightened call for actions to reverse the freshwater biodiversity crisis, including through formal global targets for protection. The Aichi Biodiversity Targets called for the protection of 17% of inland water areas by 2020. Here, we examine the levels and spatial patterns of protection for a specific type of inland water area—rivers designated as free-flowing. Out of a global total of 11.7 million kilometers of rivers, 1.9 million kilometers (16%) are within protected areas and 10.1 million kilometers are classified as free-flowing, with 1.7 M kilometers of the free-flowing kilometers (17%) within protected areas. Thus, at the global level, the proportion of rivers in protected areas is just below the Aichi Target, and the proportion of free-flowing rivers within protected areas equals that target. However, the extent of protection varies widely across river basins, countries, and continents, and many of these geographic units have a level of protection far lower than the target. Further, high discharge mainstem rivers tend to have lower extent of protection. We conclude by reviewing the limitations of measuring river protection by the proportion of river kilometers within protected areas and describe a range of mechanisms that can provide more effective protection. We also propose a set of recommendations for a more comprehensive quantification of global river protection.

scholarly journals Context and Opportunities for Expanding Protected Areas in Canada

Land ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Wulder ◽  
Jeffrey Cardille ◽  
Joanne White ◽  
Bronwyn Rayfield
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
First Nations ◽  
Stakeholder Engagement ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Inland Water ◽  
Private Protection ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
High Level ◽  
Multiple Actors

At present, 10.5% of Canada’s land base is under some form of formal protection. Recent developments indicate Canada aims to work towards a target of protecting 17% of its terrestrial and inland water area by 2020. Canada is uniquely positioned globally as one of the few nations that has the capacity to expand the area under its protection. In addition to its formally protected areas, Canada’s remote regions form de facto protected areas that are relatively free from development pressure. Opportunities for expansion of formally protected areas in Canada include official delineation and designation of de facto protected areas and the identification and protection of land to improve connectivity between protected areas (PAs). Furthermore, there are collaborative opportunities for expanding PA through commitments from industry and provincial and territorial land stewards. Other collaborative opportunities include the contributions of First Nations aligning with international examples of Indigenous Protected Areas, or the incorporation and cultivation of private protection programs with documented inclusion in official PA networks. A series of incremental additions from multiple actors may increase the likelihood for achieving area-based targets, and expands stakeholder engagement and representation in Canada’s PA system. Given a generational opportunity and high-level interest in expansion of protected areas in Canada and elsewhere, it is evident that as a diverse number of stakeholders and rights holders collaboratively map current and future land uses onto forest landscapes, science-based conservation targets and spatial prioritizations can inform this process.

scholarly journals A Global Agenda for Advancing Freshwater Biodiversity Research

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Maasri ◽  
Sonja Jähnig ◽  
Mihai Adamescu ◽  
Rita Adrian ◽  
Claudio Baigun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Freshwater Biodiversity ◽  
Biodiversity Crisis ◽  
Critical Step ◽  
Biodiversity Research ◽  
Coordinated Action ◽  
Global Agenda ◽  
Management And Conservation

Freshwater biodiversity is declining dramatically, and the current biodiversity crisis requires defining bold goals and mobilizing substantial resources to meet the challenges. While the reasons are varied, both research and conservation of freshwater biodiversity lag far behind efforts in the terrestrial and marine realms. We identify fifteen pressing global needs to support informed global freshwater biodiversity stewardship. The proposed agenda aims to advance freshwater biodiversity research globally as a critical step in improving coordinated action towards its sustainable management and conservation.

GIS modeling of the territory and water area of protected areas

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. V. Omelchuk ◽  
I. V. Kuraieva ◽  
A. O. Splodytel
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Gis Modeling

scholarly journals Protected areas: A focus on Brazilian freshwater biodiversity

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 442-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valter M. Azevedo-Santos ◽  
Renata G. Frederico ◽  
Camila K. Fagundes ◽  
Paulo S. Pompeu ◽  
Fernando M. Pelicice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Freshwater Biodiversity

scholarly journals Are beavers a solution to the freshwater biodiversity crisis?

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 1763-1772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Law ◽  
Oded Levanoni ◽  
Garth Foster ◽  
Frauke Ecke ◽  
Nigel J. Willby
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Biodiversity ◽  
Biodiversity Crisis

scholarly journals Scientists’ warning to humanity on the freshwater biodiversity crisis

AMBIO ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
James S. Albert ◽  
Georgia Destouni ◽  
Scott M. Duke-Sylvester ◽  
Anne E. Magurran ◽  
Thierry Oberdorff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Freshwater Biodiversity ◽  
Biodiversity Crisis

Inland water crustaceans in two Chilean protected areas: Parrillar Lake and Magallanes National Reserves, 53°S (Chile)

Crustaceana ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 88 (9) ◽  
pp. 1055-1059
Author(s):  
Patricio De los Ríos-Escalante ◽  
Andrés Mansilla
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Inland Water

Determinants of local people's attitude toward conservation and the consequential effects on illegal resource harvesting in the protected areas of Sulawesi (Indonesia)

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
TIEN MING LEE ◽  
NAVJOT S. SODHI ◽  
DEWI M. PRAWIRADILAGA
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Land Rights ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
Conservation Education ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Resource Extraction ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Biodiversity Crisis ◽  
Indonesian Archipelago ◽  
Conservation Attitudes

SUMMARYThe exploitation of tropical forest resources is a key driver of the current biodiversity crisis, and it is pivotal to understand human attitudes toward conservation and resource harvesting. This paper investigates effects of interactions, perceptions of protected areas (PAs) and sociodemographic variables on conservation attitudes, and the correlates of illegal resource extraction among 660 households from 33 villages bordering eight PAs on Sulawesi (Indonesia). Mixed-effect multiple regression analyses showed that the most important predictors of the support for PAs included the degree of involvement in management, presence/absence of PA-human conflict, perceived sustainability of forest resources and length of residency in Sulawesi. Notably, active participation in community management by transmigrants and the reconciliation of land-rights conflicts for natives may promote favourable conservation attitudes. Ordination and correlation analyses also revealed that the extent of illegal resource harvesting activities, such as hunting and logging, were significantly influenced by a negative conservation attitude and past conflict with PA establishment. Garnering support for PAs through conservation education and resolving land-rights disputes could potentially alleviate illegal resource extraction. The disparity in resource extraction patterns among the villages across all PAs confirms the importance of adopting site-specific conservation strategies that may make PAs across the biologically unique yet critically threatened Indonesian Archipelago more effective.

The nature and extent of terrestrial protected area coverage on the UK's Overseas Territories

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-404
Author(s):  
NICHOLAS I. WILKINSON ◽  
JONATHAN G. HALL ◽  
JULIET A. VICKERY ◽  
GRAEME M. BUCHANAN
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Area Coverage ◽  
Convention On Biological Diversity ◽  
Effective Protection ◽  
Terrestrial Environment ◽  
Overseas Territories ◽  
The Uk

SUMMARYSignatories to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) agreed to the effective protection of at least 17% of the terrestrial environment by 2020 (Aichi Target 11). Here, we assess the coverage of terrestrial protected areas (land protected by legislation) on the UK's Overseas Territories. These 14 Territories are under the sovereignty of the UK, a signatory of the CBD, and are particularly biodiverse. Eight Territories have protected areas covering 17% or more of their land, but the extent of protection across these Territories as a whole is low, with only 4.8% of this land designated as protected. This protection covered 51% of sites already identified as of conservation importance (Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas), although only 8% of the area of these sites was protected. The expansion of effective protection to meet the 17% target provides an opportunity to capture the most important sites for conservation. Locally led designation will require an improvement in knowledge of the distribution and density of species. This, together with measures to ensure that the protection is enforced and effective, will require provision of resources. This should be seen as an investment in the UK meeting its obligations to Aichi Target 11.

scholarly journals Threatened plants of arid ecosystems in the Mediterranean Basin: a case study of the south-eastern Iberian Peninsula

Oryx ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 548-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Mendoza-Fernández ◽  
Francisco J. Pérez-García ◽  
Fabián Martínez-Hernández ◽  
José M. Medina-Cazorla ◽  
Juan A. Garrido-Becerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Arid Ecosystems ◽  
Arid Zones ◽  
Threatened Plants ◽  
Biodiversity Crisis ◽  
Priority Ranking ◽  
The Mediterranean Basin

AbstractNetworks of protected areas are one of the main strategies used to address the biodiversity crisis. These should encompass as many species and ecosystems as possible, particularly in territories with high biological diversity, such as the Spanish arid zones. We produce a priority ranking of the arid zones of south-east Spain according to the rarity and richness of their characteristic flora and the level of endangerment. The resulting hierarchy shows that optimal zones for the preservation of the flora are located outside the network of protected areas. In particular, it is important to extend the network and encourage the creation of microreserves in the depression of the River Guadiana Menor (Granada), where there is least protection. This river valley is a particularly important arid site because of its unique flora and fauna, and palaeontological and archaeological findings.

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