scholarly journals Design and Development of Sustainable Product Service Systems Based on Design-Centric Complexity

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 532
Author(s):  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Shaohua Jing ◽  
Zifeng Nie ◽  
Boyuan Zhao ◽  
Runhua Tan
Keyword(s):  
Design Stage ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Early Design Stage ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Development Framework ◽  
Design Attributes ◽  
Product Service ◽  
Operation Stability

Product-service system (PSS) complexity is rapidly increasing in order to meet complex user requirements. Increased complexity leads to PSSs failing to meet sustainability requirements in their initial design. To enhance PSS sustainability and support social benefits, this paper proposes a sustainable PSS development framework based on design-centric complexity (DCC) theory. In the early design stage of a PSS, DCC theory is used to analyze the complexity of the system. Determination of the types of complexity in the system and the corresponding problems is then performed. By combining the sub-field model of TRIZ, the problems can be converted and solved, and the functional periodicity may be established to reduce system complexity. By using this development framework, the conflicts and potential problems of design attributes can be reduced and the possibility of achieving PSSs functional requirements (FRs) can be enhanced. This will maintain the long-term operation stability for the system and enhance the sustainability of the PSS. Finally, the feasibility of the development framework is verified here through the case analysis of a bicycle sharing service and management system.

Prediction of Green Water Events on FPSO Vessels

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Fyfe ◽  
Edward Ballard
Keyword(s):  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Green Water ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Wave Crest ◽  
Peak Period ◽  
Wave Conditions ◽  
Motion Characteristics ◽  
Central North Sea

Most floating vessels experience some sea states, not necessarily extreme storms, which cause large volumes of green water to flow across the deck. Due to the location of safety critical equipment on the deck of FPSOs, the determination of the likely occurrences and the magnitudes of such events are critical to safe design and operation. A method for the determination of green water heights on the deck of an FPSO has been presented in references 1–5. This paper examines the long-term distributions of heights implied by these references and the identification of sea states in which extreme events are likely to occur. The method is based upon the long term distribution of sea states at the intended location, combined with the motion characteristics of the vessel. Freeboard exceedance at the bow and at a point along the side is considered for two typical FPSO configurations. The methodology presented is widely applicable to many locations but wave conditions typical of the Central North Sea are used by way of illustration. The results presented include long term probability distributions of green water height on deck at locations of interest. Relative contributions of each combination of significant wave height and peak period to the probability of the largest single event in a defined return period are determined and discussed. It is shown that the wave conditions most likely to give rise to the most severe green water events are seldom those characterized by the largest wave crest heights. Instead, there exists a complex dependence on characteristic periods associated with vessel motions and on the long-term occurrences of particular sea states. The ability to predict conditions in which the largest green water events are most likely to occur offers the possibility of providing improved operational guidelines for FPSOs, allowing action to be taken to avoid unfavourable loading conditions and/or vessel headings in certain sea conditions. However, it is also shown that it may be difficult to identify some severe green water sea states from normally available forecast data and hence it is important that appropriate provision is made at the design stage.

Research on the Improvement of OCT Used in Power System

2013 ◽  
Vol 385-386 ◽  
pp. 995-998
Author(s):  
Hong Peng He ◽  
Jun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Solenoid Coil ◽  
Broad Application ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Current Transducer ◽  
Operation Stability ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Application Prospects ◽  
Optical Structure

Smart grid puts forward higher requirements for measurement equipments, so optical current transducer (OCT) used in power system possess broad application prospects. In this paper, magnetism gathering technology is applied in the design of OCTs optical structure and the magnetism gathering optical structure based on solenoid coil is proposed. Compared with traditional bulk optical structure, this structure simplifies the optical structure significantly. Results of simulation and field operation indicate that this structure can not only enhance the magnetic field created by the measured current significantly, but also improve the long-term operation stability of OCT.

Determination of Actual Tensile and Fracture Characteristics of Critical Components of Industrial Plants Under Long Term Operation by SPT

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karel Matocha
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Residual Lifetime ◽  
Test Technique ◽  
Fracture Characteristics ◽  
Industrial Plants ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Critical Components ◽  
Time Of Operation

The assessment of the residual lifetime of critical components of industrial plants requires the knowledge of mechanical properties prior to operation, respecting all technological operations realized throughout the manufacture of the component, and the knowledge of mechanical properties after actual time of operation (actual mechanical properties). Small Punch (SP) test technique enables measurement of the realistic material properties at the critical locations in the component both prior and after long-term operation. The paper shows the examples of the sampling of testing material from the critical components of the industrial plants and the procedures for determination of tensile and fracture characteristics by SP tests at ambient and low temperatures. The special attention is devoted to the test specimen orientation for determination of SP fracture energy ESP.

Determination of Tensile Properties of Power Plant Steels by Testing of Miniature Specimens

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Klevtsov ◽  
Andrei Dedov
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Flat Plate ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Standard Size ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Miniature Specimens

Long-term operation of the power plant components in the conditions of the creep leads to the degradation of the short-term mechanical properties of the material. Therefore, in order to predict the degree of the metal degradation and integrity of the component the determination of the mechanical properties of the actual component in service material is required. Since the standard tests requiring a significant volume of sample material cannot be applied the technique of the tensile testing of miniature flat plate specimens has been developed in Tallinn University of Technology and described in this paper. The results of the tests of miniature flat plate specimens have been compared with testing results of cylindrical specimens with standard size and at the same time the comparison has shown a good agreement of the results. The data analysis has also shown the high repeatability of the tests results of miniature specimens. Thus, the developed technique of the miniature flat plate specimens testing could be considered as accurate and reliable method and could be definitely used for evaluation of the tensile properties of the metal.

Research Advances in the Interaction among Stratum-Ground Fissure-Tunnel under Subway Dynamic Loading

2012 ◽  
Vol 226-228 ◽  
pp. 1513-1516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Qun Yuan ◽  
Hong Jia Liu ◽  
Yu Ming Men
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Loading ◽  
Dynamic Interaction ◽  
Subway Tunnel ◽  
Ground Fissure ◽  
Ground Fissures ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Geological Disaster ◽  
Under Construction

Ground fissure is a kind of serious geological disaster. There will be more unprecedented challenges during the construction of the urban subway in ground fissures-developed zone. How to ensure the long-term operation safety of the subway crossing ground fissure belts are the first problems for the subway under construction in the cities with ground fissure developed. One of the important problems is that dynamic interaction and disaster effect control among ground fissure-stratum-subway tunnel under subway dynamic loading, which is also the important problem to be solved in the engineering. This problem involves the following three aspects: (a) the determination of subway dynamic loading; (b) the structure dynamic response of subway tunnel; (c) the interaction among stratum-ground fissure-subway tunnel. According to make a comment on these researches, some issues which are necessary to carry out in this field are suggested.

Case Studies to Understand the Relations Among Function, Form and Manufacturing Process for Integration of Process Planning Into Early Design Stage

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Se Kim ◽  
Shaw C. Feng
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Process Planning ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Process Selection ◽  
Early Assessment ◽  
Early Design ◽  
Early Design Stage ◽  
Computer Based

Abstract Design and manufacturing integration at the early design stage in product development, that is, the integration of conceptual design and conceptual process planning, may make a big impact. Thus the development of systematic computer-based support for this integration is desirable. To select and evaluate manufacturing processes, some aspects of form information is necessary. Thus when only the functionally critical forms have been determined from major functional requirements, synthesis of the configuration shape in a generic form would enable early assessment of manufacturing, processes. As a stepping stone toward the development of the configuration shape synthesis and process selection, case studies have been conducted using real world industrial parts. In this paper, we present the case studies using a planet carrier and a gear box housing, and discuss the issues in development of the shape synthesis and process selection method to support the design and process planning integration.

The study of regularities of changes in acoustic characteristics depending on microstructure parameters and development of acoustic limit state criterion

2020 ◽  
pp. 32-42
Author(s):  
V. N. Gadalov ◽  
S. V. Safonov ◽  
E. A. Filatov ◽  
O. N. Boldyreva ◽  
I. A. Makarova
Keyword(s):  
Structural Damage ◽  
Limit State ◽  
Acoustic Characteristics ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Microstructure Parameters ◽  
State Criterion ◽  
Good Agreement

The studies of the dependence of acoustic characteristics on the microstructure of chromium-molybdenum-vanadium steels in various structural states after long term operation are presented. The meaning of the acoustic limit state criterion, which represents a relative assessment of accumulated structural damage of the long run metal for the time delay of ultrasonic Rayleigh waves and determination of the limit state of the material, is revealed. It is established that at the acoustic criterion of the limit state of ≥0.7, the metal is in the state of avalanche creep and reaches the limit state. Measurements of acoustic characteristics gave a good agreement with the results of metallographic studies conducted on sections of metal cuttings. In addition, the criterion was tested when diagnosing technical devices made of steel 15X1M1F, 12X2MFSR, 17GS, 09G2S.

scholarly journals ASME in-service inspection and in-service testing programs for Angra 1

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3A) ◽  
Author(s):  
ANA ROSA BALIZA MAIA ◽  
Youssef Morghi ◽  
AMIR ZACARIAS MESQUITA
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Plant Safety ◽  
Service Testing ◽  
Design And Manufacturing ◽  
License Renewal ◽  
Service Inspection

The in-service inspection program of the Angra 1 plant is updated every 10 years, according to applicable standards - designer (American Project - are followed NRC requirements) and Cnen. NRC approves the use of ASME Section XI (In-service Inspection of Nuclear Power Plant Components). The object of in-service inspection of components in nuclear power plants is to provide a continuing assurance that they are safe. To provide this assurance for those components that are subject to the requirements of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, a set of rules has been formulated to provide assurance that the functional requirements of the components are available when required. The rules have been arranged to provide appropriate levels of assurance according to the importance of the component in its relationship to plant safety. The classifications that are established during design and manufacturing have been adopted to provide the levels of importance for the components. The types of components typically found in the various classifications have then been identified and rules formulated for each type. For each type of component in each classification, the functions have been considered and methods of inspecting, testing, or monitoring each component is specified. These rules include methods of determining the limits of acceptance of the results. Should it be necessary to take corrective action to repair various components, rules have been provided to establish acceptable methods of repair or replacement. Angra 1 started the Renewal License and Long-term Operation project and there are three important Aging Management Programs (AMP) that are based on ASME section XI. This article will discuss the ASME section XI subsections that are important for the License Renewal and Long-term Operation for Angra 1.  

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