scholarly journals Phytoremediation Potential of Freshwater Macrophytes for Treating Dye-Containing Wastewater

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 329
Author(s):  
Karunakaran Gowri Ahila ◽  
Balasubramani Ravindran ◽  
Vasanthy Muthunarayanan ◽  
Dinh Duc Nguyen ◽  
Xuan Cuong Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Aquatic Plants ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Hydrilla Verticillata ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Pistia Stratiotes ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Dyeing Effluent

Phytoremediation is a promising green technology for the remediation of various industrial effluents. Notably, aquatic plants are widely applied to remove dyes and toxic metals from polluted environments. In the present study, the phytoremediation potency of aquatic macrophytes such as Pistia stratiotes L, Salvinia adnata Desv, and Hydrilla verticillata (L.f) Royle were assessed based on the removal capability of pollutants from dyeing effluent. Physicochemical characterizations were carried out for industrial wastewater collected from a cotton material dyeing unit located in the Karur District of Tamilnadu, India. The physicochemical characteristics of the dyeing effluent, such as color, odor, pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), alkalinity, acidity, chloride, sulfate, phosphate, nitrate, chemical oxygen demand (COD), fluoride, and toxic metal levels were determined. The core parameters such as total dissolved solid (TDS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and chloride level were determined and found to be 6500 mg/L, 2400 mg/L, and 2050 mg/L, respectively, which exceeded the regulatory limit prescribed by the Central Pollution Control Board of India. The levels of toxic metals such as Hg, Ni, and Zn were under the acceptable concentration but Cr and Pb levels in the dyeing effluent were a little bit higher. The effluent was subjected to treatment with Pistia stratiotes L, Salvinia adnata Desv and Hydrilla verticillata (L.f) Royle separately. After the treatment, the toxic metal results were recorded as below detectable levels and the same results were obtained for all three aquatic plants samples used for treatment. Among the three plants, P. stratiotes L efficiently removed 86% of color, 66% of TDS, 77% of COD, and 61.33% of chloride. The variation in phytochemicals of the macrophytes was studied before and after treatment using GC–MS which revealed the reduction of ascorbic acid in the plant samples. The toxic effect of treated effluent was investigated by irrigating an ornamental plant, Impatiens balsamina L. The plant biomass P. stratiotes L obtained after the treatment process was subjected to manure production and its nutrient quality was proved, which can be applied as a soil conditioner. Among the aquatic plants, the results of P. stratiotes L indicated a higher remediation potential, which can be used as an ecologically benign method for treatment of industrial effluents and water bodies contaminated with dyeing effluents.

Toxicity evaluation of textile dyeing effluent and its possible relationship with chemical oxygen demand

2018 ◽  
Vol 166 ◽  
pp. 56-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jieying Liang ◽  
Xun-an Ning ◽  
Jian Sun ◽  
Jian Song ◽  
Jie Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Toxicity Evaluation ◽  
Textile Dyeing ◽  
Dyeing Effluent

scholarly journals Blood levels of some toxic metals in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Type 1- infection

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias Abiodun Emokpae ◽  
Ikenna Mbonu
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Infected Individual ◽  
Cadmium Concentration ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Average Life Expectancy ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Hiv 1

Background: The introduction of antiretroviral therapy has reduced the mortality rate and increased the average life-expectancy of HIV-infected population. Infection probably due to the combination of the effects of environmental exposures and chronic inflammation and the role of mpact in infected individuals have been under-reported. Objective: To compare the plasma levels of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg) and nickel (Ni) in HIV 1 –positive subjects receiving highly active anti-retroviral therapy treatment (HAART) and treatment-naïve subjects. Methods: The 300 study participants comprised 100 confirmed HIV-1 positive individuals on HAART, 100 HIV-1 positive HAART-naïve and 100 HIV-1 negative controls. Plasma levels of toxic metals were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (Agilent 7500, Norwalk, USA). Results: Plasma levels of toxic metals were significantly higher among HIV-infected subjects than controls (p <0.001), with only Cadmium concentration being significantly higher (p = 0.05) among the HAART-treated subjects than HAART-naïve subjects. Conclusion: High toxic metal levels may lead to increased oxidative stress and adverse prognostic outcomes. Periodic evaluation of the blood levels of some toxic metals in HIV-1 infected individual is suggested and preventive strategies against environmental pollution should be adopted.

scholarly journals Natural Treatment of Woolen Processing Industry Wastewater

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 35-44
Author(s):  
Sajid Qurashi ◽  
O.P. Sahu
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pistia Stratiotes ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Industrial Waste Water ◽  
Wastewater Disposal ◽  
Natural Treatment ◽  
Industry Wastewater

Wastewater treatment is becoming ever more critical due to diminishing water resources, increasing wastewater disposal costs, and stricter discharge regulations that have lowered permissible contaminant levels in waste streams. The ultimate goal of wastewater management is the protection of the environment in a manner commensurate with public health and socio-economic concerns. The aim of our study is to use natural occurring plant (Pistia stratiotes) to reduce the chemical oxygen demand and color from the industrial waste water. It was found that 120 mg/l of Chemical oxygen demand and 85 mg/l of color reduction was observed with Pistia stratiotes.

Effects of clonal integration, nutrients and cadmium on growth of the aquatic macrophyte Pistia stratiotes

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 765-772
Author(s):  
Michael Opoku Adomako ◽  
Peter Alpert ◽  
Dao-Lin Du ◽  
Fei-Hai Yu
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Aquatic Macrophyte ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Clonal Plants ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Pistia Stratiotes ◽  
Nutrient Level ◽  
Clonal Integration ◽  
Final Mass

Abstract Aims Many wetlands are polluted with both nutrients and toxic metals and vegetated largely by clonal plants. We hypothesized that eutrophication and clonal integration can increase phytoremediation of toxic metal pollution by increasing plant growth, even under the stress imposed by toxicity. Methods To test this hypothesis, single ramets of the common, widespread, floating, stoloniferous plant Pistia stratiotes L., were grown for 42 days at two levels of nutrient availability with and without 0.6 mg L−1 cadmium. Ramets were either severed from their vegetative offspring to prevent clonal integration or left connected, and severed offspring were either removed to eliminate intraclonal competition or left in place. Important Findings Plants subjected to cadmium addition accumulated almost twice as much dry mass if given the higher nutrient level, due mainly to a doubling of the number of clonal offspring. Severance had little effect on the final mass of the parent plus offspring ramets. Removing offspring following severance had no effect on the final mass of the parental ramet in the presence of added cadmium, but it did increase the final mass of the parent in the absence of cadmium. These results support the hypothesis that eutrophication can increase remediation of toxic metal pollution by aquatic macrophytes but provided no evidence that clonal integration can affect remediation. Species such as P. stratiotes may help remediate co-pollution of wetlands with toxic metals and nutrients, and fragmentation of clones may not affect their remediation capacity.

scholarly journals Phytoremediation of landfill leachate using Ipomoea aquatica and Pistia stratiotes

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (3(SI)) ◽  
pp. 775-781
Author(s):  
M.M. Hanafiah ◽  
◽  
N.I.H.A. Aziz ◽  
A.A. Halim ◽  
L.S. Shamdin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Pistia Stratiotes ◽  
Ipomoea Aquatica ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Significant Difference

Aim: In this study, Ipomoea aquatica and Pistia stratiotes were used to remove total suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand and ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N) from the landfill leachate collected at Ampar Tenang Closed Landfill (ATCL) site in Dengkil, Selangor, Malaysia. Methodology: The physico-chemical characteristics of landfill leachate (pH, temperature, NH3-N, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, salinity, electrical conductivity and nitrite as well as selected heavy metals were determined before phytoremediation treatment. Results: The physico-chemical properties of leachate samples were found to be lower as compared to the standards set by the government, except for COD (>100 mg l-1). Heavy metals content, Na, Mg and Fe was high in leachate. It was found that the concentrations of NH3-N, COD and TSS in leachate decreased by 57.64%, 26.85% and 62.05% after treatment with Ipomea aquatica, respectively. Whereas, 61%, 32% and 74.7% removal rate was observed for NH3-N, COD and TSS, post-treatment by Pistia stratiotes. One-way ANOVA analysis for Ipomoea aquatica revealed insignificant difference (p>0.05) but for Pistia stratiotes there was a significant difference (p<0.05) in the reduction of TSS, COD and NH3-N concentrations. Interpretation: Based on the findings, Pistia stratiotes was found more effective than Ipomea aquatica for reducing TSS, COD and NH3-N concentrations from landfill leachate.

scholarly journals Modeling the Photocatalytic Process of Variation in Chemical Oxygen Demand via Stochastic Differential Equations

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano F. Siqueira ◽  
Oswaldo L. C. Guimaraes ◽  
Helcio J. Izario Filho ◽  
Domingos S. Giordani ◽  
Ivy dos Santos Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equations ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Stochastic Differential Equations ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Practical Applications

Several papers in the literature on Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) confirm the process as a viable alternative for the treatment of a variety of industrial effluents. In many of these works, modeling the variations of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) as a function of different experimental conditions was performed by techniques such as Design of Experiments, Artificial Neural Networks and Multivariate Analysis. These techniques require both a large number of parameters and a large quantity of experimental data for a systematic study of the model parameters as a function of experimental conditions. On the other hand, the study of Stochastic Differential Equations (SDE) is presently well developed with several practical applications noted in the literature. This paper presents a new approach in studying the variations of COD in AOPs via SDE. Specifically, two effluents, from the manufacture of paints and textiles were studied by combined treatment of the photo-Fenton process and catalytic ozonization.

scholarly journals Luxury Uptake and Removal of Phosphorus from Water Column by Representative Aquatic Plants and Its Implication for Wetland Management

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shardendu Shardendu ◽  
D. Sayantan ◽  
Deepti Sharma ◽  
Sufia Irfan
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Plants ◽  
Wetland Management ◽  
Surrounding Medium ◽  
Hydrilla Verticillata ◽  
Pistia Stratiotes ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Relative Growth Rates ◽  
P Accumulation ◽  
P Content ◽  
Phosphate Medium

Aquatic plants with their high relative growth rates efficiently absorb nutrients from their surrounding media, thereby providing a simple and inexpensive solution for nutrient-polluted aquifers. The present study determined the P accumulation efficiencies of four different aquatic plants namely, Eleocharis plantaginea, Eichhornia crassipes, Pistia stratiotes, and Hydrilla verticillata from the 6043 ha Kabar Wetland (86°05′ E to 86°09′ E, 25°30′ N to 25°32′ N). The aim of the study was to select the most efficient P accumulator. Water, sediment, and plant samples from Kabar were monthly analyzed for P content for 13 months from July 2009 to July 2010. Pistia stratiotes L. accumulated the highest amount of tissue P (1.06±0.22 mg/g dw). The maximum capacity of luxury uptake of P under greenhouse conditions as exhibited by Pistia was further tested. Pistia individuals tolerated up to 50 mg/L phosphate medium and accumulated 6.12±0.95 mg/g dw P after 35 days under greenhouse conditions. Up to 91% phosphate was removed from the surrounding medium within 60 days at 50 mg/L supply. Tissue P levels increased with increasing phosphate levels in the surrounding media but variation with incubation period was statistically insignificant. Our studies present Pistia as more efficient than other common wetland species like Eichhornia, Phragmites, Typha, and so forth when grown in the sub-tropics and confirm its ability to ameliorate P-polluted subtropical wetlands.

Wet Air Oxidation of Toxic Industrial Effluents

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 289-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kálmán ◽  
Z. Izsáki ◽  
L. Kovács ◽  
A. Grofcsik ◽  
I. Szebényi
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Air Oxidation ◽  
Wet Air Oxidation ◽  
Cod Reduction ◽  
Process Wastewater

The disposal of process wastewater from a wood carbonization factory was studied in a laboratory batch reactor. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction of 92 - 96% was achieved for samples with initial COD concentrations of more than 100 g/l. The samples subjected to wet air oxidation showed no toxic effects in toxicology tests and were readily biodegradable. Effluent containing cyanide was also subjected to wet air oxidation, and a COD reduction of 75% and cyanide removal of 99.99997% was attained. The reaction rate and activation energy of cyanide hydrolysis were determined.

scholarly journals Impact of Textile Effluents on Pistia stratiotes L. and Ludwigia adscendens L. Using Hydroponic Culture

1970 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halima Momtaz ◽  
AKM Rashidul Alam ◽  
M Shahidul Islam ◽  
Sirajul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Control Culture ◽  
Hydroponic Culture ◽  
Pistia Stratiotes ◽  
Effluent Water ◽  
Test Species ◽  
Textile Effluents ◽  
Ludwigia Adscendens

The study was carried out to assess the impacts of textile effluents on aquatic plants by using hydroponic culture. Effluent water of three textile industries and effluent free water were collected from Savar region. The higher contents of pH (10.47), total suspended solids (1407.33 mg/L), total dissolved solids (19014 mg/L) and biochemical oxygen demand (735 mg/L) were recorded in industrial effluents comparing with control. The lowest content of DO in industrial effluents (0.87 mg/L) was much lower than the control (5.65 mg/L). Hydroponic test showed that 100, 75, 50, 25 and 1% textile effluents caused the death of Pistia stratiotes L. and Ludwigia adscendens L. within 1-4, 2- 6, 3-9, 5-12 and 14-17 days, respectively. When P. stratiotes was grown in 100% effluent water its concentrations of Cr, Cd, Cu, Mn, Ni and Zn were 8.00, 1.4375, 189.06, 1843.1, 5.075 and 261.87 ppm, respectively and the test species died within 1 - 3 days. When L. adscendens was grown in 100% effluent water, its concentrations of Cr, Cd, Cu, Mn, Ni and Zn were 7.25, 0.975, 312.87, 1621.2, 5.0125 and 138.75 ppm, respectively and the test species died within 2-4 days. The uptake of heavy metals increased with raising effluent concentration comparing with control culture. The uptake of Cr, Cd, Cu, Mn, Ni and Zn were significantly higher at 50%, 75% and 100% (p = 0.01** at 1% level of significance) effluent which caused the death of both test species. Key words: Textile effluents; Pistia stratiotes L.; Ludwigia adscendens L.; Hydroponic culture. DOI: 10.3329/bjsir.v45i1.5172 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 45(1), 9-16, 2010

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS AND HEAVY METALS IN EFFLUENTS FROM ODOGUNYAN INDUSTRIAL ESTATE, LAGOS, NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-230
Author(s):  
S. O. Owalude ◽  
E. O. Odebunmi ◽  
K. O. Babalola
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Industrial Estate ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
The Impact

The impact of the industrial effluents from Odogunyan industrial estate on the environment was assessed by determination of some physicochemical characteristics of the effluent samples and comparison with discharged standards to ascertain the efficiency of industries’ wastewater treatment process. The physicochemical parameters were evaluated by conventional methods while heavy metals in the effluent samples were analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The results for all the effluents revealed that temperature was in the range of 32- 35 ; Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) 43-86.7 mg/L; Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) 492-888 mg/L; Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) 1667-13333 mg/L; Total Suspended Solids (TSS) 350-1000 mg/L; Total Solids (TS) 3350-14333 mg/L; Electrical Conductivity 166.5-12390 μS/cm; Total Acidity (TA) 12-60 mg/L and total hardness 24-56 mg/L. The AAS analysis results showed the average metal levels in mg/L as 0.7-1.15, 0.05-0.44, 2.0-45.0, 0.01 and 0.03-0.17 for Zn, Cu, Fe, Cd and Cr respectively. Thus, there is a need for proper remedial measures of the effluents before their discharge into the water bodies

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