scholarly journals Genetic Algorithm for Energy Commitment in a Power System Supplied by Multiple Energy Carriers

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 10053
Author(s):  
Mohammad Dehghani ◽  
Mohammad Mardaneh ◽  
Om P. Malik ◽  
Josep M. Guerrero ◽  
Carlos Sotelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Quality Level ◽  
Energy Carriers ◽  
Carrier Energy

In recent years, energy consumption has notably been increasing. This poses a challenge to the power grid operators due to the management and control of the energy supply and consumption. Here, energy commitment is an index criterion useful to specify the quality level and the development of human life. Henceforth, continuity of long-term access to resources and energy delivery requires an appropriate methodology that must consider energy scheduling such as an economic and strategic priority, in which primary energy carriers play an important role. The integrated energy networks such as power and gas systems lead the possibility to minimize the operating costs; this is based on the conversion of energy from one form to another and considering the starting energy in various types. Therefore, the studies toward multi-carrier energy systems are growing up taking into account the interconnection among various energy carriers and the penetration of energy storage technologies in such systems. In this paper, using dynamic programming and genetic algorithm, the energy commitment of an energy network that includes gas and electrical energy is carried out. The studied multi-carrier energy system has considered defending parties including transportation, industrial and agriculture sectors, residential, commercial, and industrial consumers. The proposed study is mathematically modeled and implemented on an energy grid with four power plants and different energy consumption sectors for a 24-h energy study period. In this simulation, an appropriate pattern of using energy carriers to supply energy demand is determined. Simulation results and analysis show that energy carriers can be used efficiently using the proposed energy commitment method.

scholarly journals Cost-Benefit Analysis of Hybrid Photovoltaic/Thermal Collectors in a Nearly Zero-Energy Building

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conti ◽  
Schito ◽  
Testi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Primary Energy Consumption ◽  
Solar Thermal Energy ◽  
Zero Energy

This paper analyzes the use of hybrid photovoltaic/thermal (PVT) collectors in nearly zero-energy buildings (NZEBs). We present a design methodology based on the dynamic simulation of the whole energy system, which includes the building energy demand, a reversible heat pump as generator, the thermal storage, the power exchange with the grid, and both thermal and electrical energy production by solar collectors. An exhaustive search of the best equipment sizing and design is performed to minimize both the total costs and the non-renewable primary energy consumption over the system lifetime. The results show that photovoltaic/thermal technology reduces the non-renewable primary energy consumption below the nearly zero-energy threshold value, assumed as 15 kWh/(m2·yr), also reducing the total costs with respect to a non-solar solution (up to 8%). As expected, several possible optimal designs exist, with an opposite trend between energy savings and total costs. In all these optimal configurations, we figure out that photovoltaic/thermal technology favors the production of electrical energy with respect to the thermal one, which mainly occurs during the summer to meet the domestic hot water requirements and lower the temperature of the collectors. Finally, we show that, for a given solar area, photovoltaic/thermal technology leads to a higher reduction of the non-renewable primary energy and to a higher production of solar thermal energy with respect to a traditional separate production employing photovoltaic (PV) modules and solar thermal (ST) collectors.

scholarly journals 100% Renewable Energy for Austria’s Industry: Scenarios, Energy Carriers and Infrastructure Requirements

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1819
Author(s):  
Roman Geyer ◽  
Sophie Knöttner ◽  
Christian Diendorfer ◽  
Gerwin Drexler-Schmid ◽  
Verena Alton
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Energy Carriers ◽  
Final Energy ◽  
Industrial Energy ◽  
Final Energy Consumption

The need for decarbonization raises several questions. How can renewable energy supply for the industrial sector be realized in the long term? Furthermore, how must the existing energy system be transformed to achieve the ambitious climate targets in place? In Austria, the share of renewable energy supplying industrial energy demand currently accounts for only 45% of final energy consumption. This clearly shows that a conversion of industrial energy systems is necessary. Different ambitious perspectives for a renewable energy supply for the Austrian industrial sector are calculated for three defined scenarios (base, efficiency, transition) in this paper. In addition, corresponding requirements for the energy infrastructures are discussed. The scenario results show a range of industrial final energy consumption from 78 TWh (efficiency) to 105 TWh (transition) through decarbonizing the industrial energy supply (cf. 87 TWh in 2019). Decarbonization requires an increasing shift towards electrical energy, especially in the transition scenario, whereas in the base and efficiency scenarios, biogenic fuels play an important role. Comprehensive decarbonization and the associated substitution of energy carriers in industry pose significant challenges for the existing energy infrastructure, its expansion, and optimization.

scholarly journals Energy Commitment for a Power System Supplied by Multiple Energy Carriers System using Following Optimization Algorithm

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 5862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Dehghani ◽  
Mohammad Mardaneh ◽  
Om Parkash Malik ◽  
Josep M. Guerrero ◽  
Ruben Morales-Menendez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Energy Carriers ◽  
Unit Energy ◽  
Supply Costs

In today’s world, the development and continuation of life require energy. Supplying this energy demand requires careful and scientific planning of the energy provided by a variety of products, such as oil, gas, coal, electricity, etc. A new study on the operation of energy carriers called Energy Commitment (EC) is proposed. The purpose of the EC is to set a pattern for the use of energy carriers to supply energy demand, considering technical and economic constraints. EC is a constrained optimization problem that can be solved by using optimization methods. This study suggests the Following Optimization Algorithm (FOA) to solve the EC problem to achieve technical and economic benefits. Minimizing energy supply costs for the total study period is considered as an objective function. The FOA simulates social relationships among the community members who try to improve their community by following each other. Simulation is carried out on a 10-unit energy system supplied by various types of energy carriers that includes transportation, agriculture, industrial, residential, commercial, and public sectors. The results show that the optimal energy supply for a grid with 0.15447 Millions of Barrels of Oil Equivalent (MBOE) of energy demand costs 9.0922 millions dollar for a 24-h study period. However, if the energy supply is not optimal, the costs of operating energy carriers will increase and move away from the optimal economic situation. The economic distribution of electrical demand between 10 power plants and the amount of production units per hour of the study period is determined. The EC outputs are presented, which include an appropriate pattern of energy carrier utilization, energy demand supply costs, appropriate combination of units, and power plant production. The behavior and process of achieving the answer in the convergence curve for the implementation of FOA on EC indicates the exploration and exploitation capacity of FOA. Based on the simulated results, EC provides more information than Unit Commitment (UC) and analyzes the network more efficiently and deeply.

scholarly journals Electrical energy demand management in Russia

2018 ◽  
pp. 72-79
Author(s):  
A. P. Dzyuba ◽  
L. A. Soloveva
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Management Model ◽  
Electrical Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Efficiency Improvement

One of the modern and effective tools for energy efficiency improvement at the level of national economies is management of the demand for electrical energy consumption. The mechanism of management of the demand for electrical energy consumption has a significant potential for energy efficiency improvement for the Russian economy, but due to structural features of the Unified Energy System of Russia, the Electrical Energy Demand Management Program is at the stage of concept development. A model of management of the demand for electrical energy consumption for Unified Energy System of Russia has been developed taking into account structural features of the electric power system. Peculiarities of the economic structure of Russia, which influence the formation of the structure of the country’s electric power complex, have been revealed. They were taken into account when developing requirements for the electrical energy demand management system in the Unified Energy System of Russia. The basic features are the multilevel form and hierarchy of the structure; they have been investigated in the process of developing the demand management model. The classification of electric power industry entities, related to processes of electric energy circulation and the influence on the management of the demand for electrical energy consumption, has been developed with economic interests of each entity within the framework of the demand management model. The electrical energy demand management model, which is based on the hierarchical structure of demand management, has been developed and covers the whole complex of management functions and takes into account features of demand management at each management level. The model allows to significantly improve the efficiency of management of the demand for electrical energy consumption, to ensure the quality of management.

Control system for optimization of productivity and energy demand of batch-type centrifugals

2015 ◽  
pp. 217-223
Author(s):  
Dirk Seebaum ◽  
Anne Seidler ◽  
Sven Weidner ◽  
Bernd Brennecke
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Capacity Utilization ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Batch Type

The demand for highest throughput at the best possible energy consumption are two of the main factors in designing and selecting batch-type centrifugals. While the first can be achieved by the size of centrifugals and electrical drives, the latter might be affected negatively if the demand for electrical energy is not controlled and managed properly. Besides the total energy consumption of the system, the demand pattern for electrical power might cause further requirements to local power supply or to the grid. This might lead to fluctuations in the energy supply with impact on the power house or the energy billing. Standard ways of interlocking the drives of multiple centrifugal stations can minimize these requirements but lead to reduced capacity utilization. Another common way to save energy is the operation of regenerative drive modules that allow supply of electrical energy back into the power network during deceleration. To avoid power problems like harmonic issues, reactive power, etc., with potentially costly electrical equipment malfunctions, the use of additional electrical components (conditioners, filters) for correction and reduction is advised. In a recent installation, an innovative approach to optimize power demand and reduce peak power was successfully introduced by BMA Automation. To minimize the issues mentioned above, a joint energy system for a multiple centrifugal station was created. Using the latest technology drive modules, yield was optimized by maintaining and exchanging the energy within the system. A superior control system was developed to allow for energy or productivity optimized operation of the centrifugals. The solution can be applied to both new systems and retrofit solutions for existing batch-type centrifugals.

scholarly journals Future Energy Demand Developments and Demand Side Flexibility in a Decarbonized Centralized Energy System

2021 ◽  
pp. 91-113
Author(s):  
Andrea Herbst ◽  
Anna-Lena Klingler ◽  
Stephanie Heitel ◽  
Pia Manz ◽  
Tobias Fleiter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Energy Carriers ◽  
Mitigation Options ◽  
Climate Targets ◽  
Final Energy Consumption ◽  
Different Characteristics

AbstractEuropean final energy consumption mainly stems from five sectors: transport, households, industry, residential, and agriculture using fossil fuels as dominant energy carriers. In order to achieve the climate targets, emissions in the demand sectors must be drastically reduced. Due to different characteristics and challenges each sector needs its own strategy how to achieve such decarbonization until 2050. In the following chapter, the impacts of an ambitious mitigation scenario on future energy demand and CO2 emissions for transport, industry, residential, and tertiary are analyzed discussing sector specific decarbonization strategies and mitigation options. Implications of such strategies for demand-side flexibility and its future need are analyzed.

scholarly journals Analysis of Energy System in Norway with Focus on Energy Consumption Prediction

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Hamlehdar ◽  
Alireza Aslani
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Energy System ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Regression Result ◽  
Industry Growth ◽  
The Status

Abstract Today, the fossil fuels have dominant share of energy supply in order to respond to the high energy demand in the world. Norway is one of the countries with rich sources of fossil fuels and renewable energy sources. The current work is to investigate on the status of energy demand in Norway. First, energy and electricity consumption in various sectors, including industrial, residential are calculated. Then, energy demand in Norway is forecasted by using available tools. After that, the relationship between energy consumption in Norway with Basic economics parameters such as GDP, population and industry growth rate has determined by using linear regression model. Finally, the regression result shows a low correlation between variables.

scholarly journals Thermal Conductivity of Lightweight Concrete Block with Various Cooling Agent

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masni A. Majid ◽  
◽  
Aina Syafawati Roslan ◽  
Noor Azlina Abdul Hamid ◽  
Norhafizah Salleh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Concrete Block ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Cooling Agent ◽  
Reduce Energy Consumption ◽  
Day By Day

Energy was the important sources to human life. Due to increases energy demand in daily life, the energy consumption was increase day by day because of the heat load from solar radiation and heat produced by people. Toward sustainable development, this research was carried out to develop a lightweight concrete (LWC) block with various cooling agent such as glycerine, propylene glycol, coconut shell and gypsum powder. Six lightweight concrete (LWC) block with the size 250mm (L) × 250mm (W) × 100mm (T) were tested for thermal conductivity value. From the experimental result, it shows that lightweight concrete (LCW) block with various cooling agent obtained thermal conductivity value of 0.17W/mK - 0.36W/mK lower than thermal conductivity value for normal lightweight concrete (0.8W/mK) depending on concrete density. The lightweight concrete (LCW) block with cooling agent having low thermal conductivity value will reduce energy consumption in building.

Optimization of Energy in Smart Farms Using a Genetic Algorithm

2022 ◽  
pp. 180-190
Author(s):  
Brahim Lejdel
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Smart Grid ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Integrated Model ◽  
Energy Market ◽  
Great Demand ◽  
Agricultural Machines

The need for energy in the agriculture field is increasing as a result of increasing the productivity of these fields. The appearance of smart grid and IoT (internet of objects) enabled farmers to control, manage, and optimize the energy consumption. Agriculture will continue to rely on energy to increase its productivity in line with increasing population and great demand. In this chapter, the authors present an integrated model between SmartFarms, the smart-grid, and optimization methods. In this way, smart forms can participate actively and benefit from the energy market. In this chapter, they consider the electrical energy that is directly used in activities ranging from field processes such as irrigation of land. Energy is also indirectly consumed in synthetic additives notably fertilizers, pesticides, and herbicides. In addition, the authors can consider the electrical energy, which is used for powering some agricultural machines.

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