scholarly journals The Influence of Cleaning Frequency of Photovoltaic Modules on Power Losses in the Desert Climate

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 9750
Author(s):  
Ali Hasan Shah ◽  
Ahmed Hassan ◽  
Mohammad Shakeel Laghari ◽  
Abdulrahman Alraeesi
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Integration Scheme ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Radiation Losses ◽  
Al Ain

Dust accumulation on the photovoltaic (PV) surface decreases the solar radiation penetration to the PV cells and, eventually, the power production from the PV system. To prevent dust-based power losses, PV systems require frequent cleaning, the frequency of which depends on the geographical location, PV integration scheme, and scale of the PV power plant. This study aims to measure the drop-in radiation intensity, as well as power output, due to dust and to determine the optimal time interval for PV cleaning in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) climate. In this research, a dusting study experiment was carried out at the Renewable Energy Laboratory, Falaj Hazza Campus, UAE University, Al Ain, UAE, for 3.5 months, from 22 April 2018 to 7 August 2018. To measure the pure radiation losses caused by the dust, four transparent glasses were used to mimic the top glass cover of the PV modules. The dusting induced power losses were measured for four selected PV cleaning frequencies (10 days, 20 days, 1 month, and 3 months). This study revealed that up to 13% of power losses occurred in PV panels that remained dusty for 3 months, compared to panels that were cleaned daily. PV cleaning after 15 days brought the losses down to 4%, which was found the most feasible time for PV cleaning in this study, considering a reasonable balance between the cleaning cost and energy wasted due to soiling.

scholarly journals A Critical Appraisal of PV-Systems’ Performance

Buildings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 192
Author(s):  
Zainab Usman ◽  
Joseph Tah ◽  
Henry Abanda ◽  
Charles Nche
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
And Performance

Climate change and global warming have triggered a global increase in the use of renewable energy for various purposes. In recent years, the photovoltaic (PV)-system has become one of the most popular renewable energy technologies that captures solar energy for different applications. Despite its popularity, its adoption is still facing enormous challenges, especially in developing countries. Experience from research and practice has revealed that installed PV-systems significantly underperform. This has been one of the major barriers to PV-system adoption, yet it has received very little attention. The poor performance of installed PV-systems means they do not generate the required electric energy output they have been designed to produce. Performance assessment parameters such as performance yields and performance ratio (PR) help to provide mathematical accounts of the expected energy output of PV-systems. Many reasons have been advanced for the disparity in the performance of PV-systems. This study aims to analyze the factors that affect the performance of installed PV-systems, such as geographical location, solar irradiance, dust, and shading. Other factors such as multiplicity of PV-system components in the market and the complexity of the permutations of these components, their types, efficiencies, and their different performance indicators are poorly understood, thus making it difficult to optimize the efficiency of the system as a whole. Furthermore, mathematical computations are presented to prove that the different design methods often used for the design of PV-systems lead to results with significant differences due to different assumptions often made early on. The methods for the design of PV-systems are critically appraised. There is a paucity of literature about the different methods of designing PV-systems, their disparities, and the outcomes of each method. The rationale behind this review is to analyze the variations in designs and offer far-reaching recommendations for future studies so that researchers can come up with more standardized design approaches.

scholarly journals Assessing the Techno-Economic Impact of Derating Factors on Optimally Tilted Grid-Tied Photovoltaic Systems

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1044
Author(s):  
Hasan Masrur ◽  
Keifa Vamba Konneh ◽  
Mikaeel Ahmadi ◽  
Kaisar R. Khan ◽  
Mohammad Lutfi Othman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Technical Performance ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Pv Panel ◽  
Power Exchange ◽  
Cost Of Energy

Photovoltaic (PV) systems encounter substantial losses throughout their lifespan due to the different derating factors of PV modules. Those factors mainly vary according to the geographical location and PV panel characteristics. However, the available literature does not explicitly concentrate on the technical and economic impact of the derating factors within the PV system. Owing to that necessity, this study performs a comprehensive analysis of various PV loss parameters followed by a techno-economic assessment of derating factors using the average value on a grid-connected and optimally tilted PV system located in Hatiya, Bangladesh. Some criteria linked to the derating factors such as PV degradation and ambient temperature are further explored to analyze their impact on the aforementioned power system. Simulation results show that PV power generation would vary around 12% annually, subject to a 10% variation in the derating factor. Again, a 10% difference in the derating factor changes the net present cost (NPC) by around 3% to 4%. The system provides the best technical performance concerning annual PV production, power trade with the grid, and the renewable fraction at a higher value of the derating factor since it represents a lower impact of the loss parameters. Similarly, the financial performance in terms of the NPC, levelized cost of energy (LCOE), and grid power exchange cost is found to be lower when the derating factor value is higher.

scholarly journals Study and Analysis of Shading Effects on Photovoltaic Application System

2018 ◽  
Vol 218 ◽  
pp. 02004
Author(s):  
Iskandar Handoko Rusiana ◽  
Zainal Yuda Bakti ◽  
Susanto Sambasri
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Systems Modeling ◽  
Considerable Influence ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Application System ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Photovoltaic Application ◽  
Shading Effects

This study investigates the shading on PV systems. Shading has considerable influence on the solar cells characteristics, temperature and radiation on site need to be considered as the basis for designing PV systems. Modeling conducted on a 1 kWp PV system at a latitude of 6°53ˈ2.69̎S and a longitude of 107°32ˈ28.69̎, to find the magnitude of solar radiation, surface temperature, and tilt angle, and partial shadow simulation using PVsyst software. Testing result shows the characteristic PV 1 kWp is obtained with the angle of solar cell shade at 18˚, and azimuth 0˚, the shading per year generates 4.71 kWh/m2in a solar active area at 6.9m2, the power losses of 20.8% of its nominal power.

scholarly journals An Adaptive Photovoltaic Topology to Overcome Shading Effect in PV Systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Amer Chaaban ◽  
Lana El Chaar ◽  
Mahmoud Alahmad
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Adaptive System ◽  
System Size ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
System Solution ◽  
System Components ◽  
Active Research ◽  
Radiation Conditions

Shading in photovoltaic systems can cause many undesired effects. When shading occurs, the power generated from the PV system is much less than nominal power, increasing the electrical mismatching losses between PV system components. Active research to address this power loss focuses on static and adaptive systems. This paper addresses an adaptive system solution and proposes a new method to adaptively overcome losses due to shading during low radiation conditions. In addition, a statistical analysis for choosing the most feasible and efficient configuration for the system size is presented. The proposed system has been validated under shade conditions in a simulation and prototype experiment. The experiments are conducted using a PV system consisting of 10 PV modules located at the Petroleum Institute in the United Arab Emirates. The proposed system is shown to minimize the shading losses of the PV array in real time by an average of 100% under simulated conditions and 84% in practical experiments.

scholarly journals Grid Impact Assessment of Centralized and Decentralized Photovoltaic-Based Distribution Generation: A Case Study of Power Distribution Network with High Renewable Energy Penetration

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Tamer Khatib ◽  
Lama Sabri
Keyword(s):  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Power Distribution Network ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Active And Reactive Power ◽  
Centralized System

This paper presents a grid impact assessment of a 5 MWp photovoltaic-based distribution unit on a 33 kV/23 MVA power distribution network with high penetration of renewable energy generation. The adapted network has an average load demand of 23 MVA, with a 3 MWp centralized PV system, and a number of decentralized PV systems of a capacity of 2 MWp. A grid impact assessment is done to an additional 5 MWp of PV generation as a centralized system as well as a number of decentralized systems. Power flow analysis is conducted to the grid considering different generation loading scenarios in order to study grid performance including active and reactive power flow, voltage profiles, distribution power transformers loading, transmission lines ampacity levels, and active and reactive power losses. On the other hand, the distribution of the decentralized systems is done optimally considering power distribution transformer loading and available area using the geographical information system. Finally, an economic analysis is done for both cases. Results showed that grid performance is better considering decentralized PV systems, whereas the active power losses are reduced by 13.43% and the reactive power losses are reduced by 14.48%. Moreover, the voltage of buses improved as compared to the centralized system. However, the decentralized PV systems were found to affect the power quality negatively more than the centralized system. As for the economic analysis, the decentralized PV system option is found slightly less profitable than the centralized system, whereas the simple payback period is 9 and 7 years, respectively. However, decentralized PV systems are recommended considering the technical implications of the centralized PV system.

Durability of Materials in a Stress-Response Framework: Acrylic Materials for Photovoltaic Systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 1391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myles P. Murray ◽  
Laura S. Bruckman ◽  
Roger H. French
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Accelerated Testing ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Reliability Engineering ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Photovoltaic Materials ◽  
Degradation Rates

ABSTRACTIn the development of novel materials for enhanced photovoltaic (PV) performance, it is critical to have quantitative knowledge of the initial performance, as well as the performance of these materials over the required 25-year lifetime of the PV system. Lifetime and degradation science (L&DS) allows for the development of new metrology and metrics, coupled to degradation mechanisms and rates. Induced absorbance to dose (IAD), a new metric being developed for solar radiation durability studies of solar and environmentally exposed photovoltaic materials, is defined as the rate of photodarkening or photobleaching of a material as a function of total absorbed solar radiation dose. In a reliability engineering framework, these quantitative degradation rates can be determined at various solar irradiances making possible real time and accelerated testing. The potential to predict power losses in a photovoltaic system over time caused by the accumulation of this kind of degradation can be calculated for real time applications or extrapolated for accelerated exposure conditions. Three formulations of poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) used for mirror augmented PV systems were analyzed for the changes in IAD after accelerated testing.

Analysis Model of Mismatch Power Losses in PV Systems

2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Chouder ◽  
S. Silvestre
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Behavior ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Pv Array ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Conditions Of Work ◽  
System Power ◽  
Mismatch Effect

A novel procedure to extract and analyze the power losses, mainly due to mismatch effects, in a photovoltaic (PV) system is presented. The developed model allows the extraction of the main PV module and PV array parameters from I-V characteristics, as well as in dynamic behavior under real conditions of work. The method allows a good estimation of the mismatch effect on the total PV system power losses.

A tes

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
IJE Manager
Keyword(s):  
Energy Supply ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
A Site ◽  
Selection Methodology

In the past century, fossil fuels have dominated energy supply in Indonesia. However, concerns over emissions are likely to change the future energy supply. As people become more conscious of environmental issues, alternatives for energy are sought to reduce the environmental impacts. These include renewable energy (RE) sources such as solar photovoltaic (PV) systems. However, most RE sources like solar PV are not available continuously since they depend on weather conditions, in addition to geographical location. Bali has a stable and long sunny day with 12 hours of daylight throughout the year and an average insolation of 5.3 kWh/m2 per day. This study looks at the potential for on-grid solar PV to decarbonize energy in Bali. A site selection methodology using GIS is applied to measure solar PV potential. Firstly, the study investigates the boundaries related to environmental acceptability and economic objectives for land use in Bali. Secondly, the potential of solar energy is estimated by defining the suitable areas, given the technical assumptions of solar PV. Finally, the study extends the analysis to calculate the reduction in emissions when the calculated potential is installed. Some technical factors, such as tilting solar, and intermittency throughout the day, are outside the scope of this study. Based on this model, Bali has an annual electricity potential for 32-53 TWh from solar PV using amorphous thin-film silicon as the cheapest option. This potential amount to three times the electricity supply for the island in 2024 which is estimated at 10 TWh. Bali has an excessive potential to support its own electricity demand with renewables, however, some limitations exist with some trade-offs to realize the idea. These results aim to build a developmental vision of solar PV systems in Bali based on available land and the region’s irradiation.

scholarly journals Reconfigurable Distributed Power Electronics Technique for Solar PV Systems

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1121
Author(s):  
Kamran Ali Khan Niazi ◽  
Yongheng Yang ◽  
Tamas Kerekes ◽  
Dezso Sera
Keyword(s):  
Energy Yield ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Charge Redistribution ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
In Series ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Power Balancing

A reconfiguration technique using a switched-capacitor (SC)-based voltage equalizer differential power processing (DPP) concept is proposed in this paper for photovoltaic (PV) systems at a cell/subpanel/panel-level. The proposed active diffusion charge redistribution (ADCR) architecture increases the energy yield during mismatch and adds a voltage boosting capability to the PV system under no mismatch by connected the available PV cells/panels in series. The technique performs a reconfiguration by measuring the PV cell/panel voltages and their irradiances. The power balancing is achieved by charge redistribution through SC under mismatch conditions, e.g., partial shading. Moreover, PV cells/panels remain in series under no mismatch. Overall, this paper analyzes, simulates, and evaluates the effectiveness of the proposed DPP architecture through a simulation-based model prepared in PSIM. Additionally, the effectiveness is also demonstrated by comparing it with existing conventional DPP and traditional bypass diode architecture.

scholarly journals State-Space Model of Quasi-Z-Source Inverter-PV Systems for Transient Dynamics Studies and Network Stability Assessment

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4150
Author(s):  
Lluís Monjo ◽  
Luis Sainz ◽  
Juan José Mesas ◽  
Joaquín Pedra
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
State Space ◽  
State Space Model ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Renewable Power ◽  
Ac Networks ◽  
Transient Interactions ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Averaged Model

Photovoltaic (PV) power systems are increasingly being used as renewable power generation sources. Quasi-Z-source inverters (qZSI) are a recent, high-potential technology that can be used to integrate PV power systems into AC networks. Simultaneously, concerns regarding the stability of PV power systems are increasing. Converters reduce the damping of grid-connected converter systems, leading to instability. Several studies have analyzed the stability and dynamics of qZSI, although the characterization of qZSI-PV system dynamics in order to study transient interactions and stability has not yet been properly completed. This paper contributes a small-signal, state-space-averaged model of qZSI-PV systems in order to study these issues. The model is also applied to investigate the stability of PV power systems by analyzing the influence of system parameters. Moreover, solutions to mitigate the instabilities are proposed and the stability is verified using PSCAD time domain simulations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document