scholarly journals Numerical Study of Balancing between Indoor Building Energy and Outdoor Thermal Comfort with a Flexible Building Element

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 6654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Choul Woong Kwon ◽  
Kang Jun Lee ◽  
Soolyeon Cho
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
Outdoor Thermal Comfort ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Building Element ◽  
Architectural Elements ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
Canopy Area ◽  
Flexible Canopy

This study analyzed the environmental role of a flexible canopy as a microclimate modifier in balancing indoor energy demands and outdoor thermal comfort. Flexible building elements are often installed in traditional buildings, depending on the local climate in southern Europe. The architectural performance of a canopy was analyzed using several environmental software packages (Ecotect, Rayman, WinAir, DaySim, and EDSL TAS). Coupling methods were applied to determine the environmental influence of the attached building element, a canopy with fixed and operable panes in different orientations and locations. The results showed that the flexible canopy played a crucial role in reducing indoor energy demands (heating and electricity for lighting) and increasing outdoor thermal comfort under the canopy area. Outdoor thermally comfortable conditions ranging between 13 and 29 °C in the canopy space could be enhanced by 56.3% over the entire year by manipulating a flexible canopy, compared with a fixed canopy with 90% transparency in London. The flexible canopy with higher transparency helped increase outdoor thermal comfort in Glasgow, while one with lower transparency showed better performance during summer in London. The findings of this research will help broaden the range of architectural elements used in buildings.

Outdoor thermal comfort in a tropical coastal tourist resort in Haikou, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 730-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunjing Shang ◽  
Xinyu Huang ◽  
Yufeng Zhang ◽  
Maoquan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Outdoor Thermal Comfort ◽  
Survey Period ◽  
Physiological Equivalent Temperature ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Acceptable Range ◽  
Tropical Areas ◽  
Autumn And Winter

Considering the importance of thermal comfort in decision-making in tourism, a transverse study involving micrometeorological measurements and questionnaires was performed at a popular coastal destination during the seasons of spring, autumn and winter. We examined the thermal sensation and thermal acceptability using the physiological equivalent temperature (PET). The results indicate that tourists’ thermal sensations varied with the season and the neutral PETs were 19.2°C, 23.8°C and 23.3°C in winter, spring and autumn. The 90% acceptable ranges of the PET affected by the local climate were 19.6–29.5°C during the entire three-season survey period, 21.4–27.1°C in the spring, 19.2–32°C in the autumn and more than 15.9°C in the winter. The analysis of microclimate parameters that affect thermal comfort in three seasons reveals that people expected weaker solar radiation, stronger wind and lower humidity with the air temperature rising, and vice versa. The acceptable range of wind speed was 0.6–2.5 m/s in winter, 0.6–3.5 m/s in spring and autumn. The acceptable range of solar radiation was 0–150 W/m2 in autumn and 0–250 W/m2 in winter. These findings contribute to the better designs for coastal facilities and the thermal comfort of tropical areas.

scholarly journals Investigating local climate zones for outdoor thermal comfort assessment in an Indian city

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 318-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajashree Kotharkar ◽  
Anurag Bagade ◽  
Abhay Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Outdoor Thermal Comfort ◽  
Climate Zones ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Local Climate Zones ◽  
Indian City

scholarly journals Sea Breeze Front and Outdoor Thermal Comfort during Summer in Northeastern Brazil

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1013
Author(s):  
Max Anjos ◽  
António Lopes ◽  
Andrews José de Lucena ◽  
Francisco Mendonça
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Sea Breeze ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Outdoor Thermal Comfort ◽  
Physiological Equivalent Temperature ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Local Climate Zones

Characterizing the behaviour of the sea breeze phenomenon is the foremost factor in the reduction in the heat stress and the achievement of the pleasant environment in coastal cities globally. However, this seminal study shows that the Sea Breeze Front (SBF) development can be related to an increase in outdoor thermal discomfort in a northeastern Brazilian city during summer. We explored the relationship between SBF and thermal comfort conditions using in situ meteorological observations, the SBF identification method, local climate zones (LCZs) classification, and the Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) thermal comfort index. SBF days and Non-SBF days were characterized in terms of weather conditions, combining meteorological data and technical bulletins. SBF days included hot and sunny days associated with the centre of the Upper Tropospheric Cyclonic Vortices (UTCV). In contrast, Non-SBF days were observed in UTCV’s periphery because of cloudy sky and rainfall. The results showed that the mean temperature and PET in the SBF days were 2.0 °C and 3.8 °C higher, respectively, compared to Non-SBF days in all LCZ sites. The highest PET, of 40.0 °C, was found on SBF days. Our findings suggest that SBF development could be an aggravating factor for increasing heat stress of the people living in the northeastern coast of the Brazilian city, after SBF passage.

scholarly journals A Numerical Study on the Correlation between Sky View Factor and Summer Microclimate of Local Climate Zones

Atmosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Lyu ◽  
Riccardo Buccolieri ◽  
Zhi Gao
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Local Effect ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
View Factor ◽  
Urban Microclimate ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Sky View Factor ◽  
Local Climate Zones

In the context of urbanization, research on urban microclimate and thermal comfort has become one of the themes of eco-city design. Sky view factor (SVF), one of the parameters of urban spatial form, combines multiple morphological information, such as plane opening, aspect ratio, and building density and has an important impact on the urban microclimate. However, there is still no clear research conclusion on the correlation between SVF and microclimate. In this paper, nine Local Climate Zone (LCZ) models are used and typical summer meteorological conditions of Nanjing are applied as an attempt to partially fill this gap. The calculated microclimate and thermal comfort indices include air temperature (AT), surface temperature (ST), relative humidity (RH), wind speed (WS), mean radiant temperature (MRT), and predicted mean vote (PMV). Results show that the local effect of urban morphology on thermal comfort can be retrieved from the use of comprehensive parameters such as SVF (which takes into account the building height, layout, and density) whose distribution in the investigated models showed to be correlated with MRT, so did PMV under low wind speed conditions.

scholarly journals Temperature moderation in a multistorey building by melting of a phase-change material

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-101
Author(s):  
Vadim Dubovsky ◽  
Gennady Ziskind ◽  
Ruth Letan
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Melting Process ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
Physical Phenomena ◽  
Change Material ◽  
Thick Layers ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Temperature And Flow Fields ◽  
Storey Building

Abstract The current numerical study focuses on the feasibility of furnishing thermal comfort in a structure, by using paraffin wax stored on a plate below the ceiling in a multi-storey building. The method is aimed to reduce energy demands at the increasing thermal loads. In summer, in daytime, walls of the building are exposed to the ambient thermal load, and heat transferred inside is absorbed by the melting wax. The study is numerical. It relates to temperature variations outside and inside, coupled with heat conduction and accumulation in walls, with radiation between the surfaces, with natural convection of air inside and melting of the wax at the ceiling. Fins spacing on the storage plate, visualization of the melting process, and its parametric investigation provide an insight into the physical phenomena. Temperature and flow fields were investigated for 3 mm and 12 mm thick layers of wax. At the specified conditions of the present study a 3 mm layer provides thermal comfort for most of the day, while a 6 mm layer may suffice for the entire day. Fluent 6.3 software was used in the computations.

Numerical Study of Thermal Comfort with the Effects of Canopy Transparency

2014 ◽  
Vol 919-921 ◽  
pp. 1677-1680
Author(s):  
Choul Woong Kwon ◽  
Sung Woo Shin
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Complex Surface ◽  
Outdoor Thermal Comfort ◽  
Thermal Indices ◽  
Physiological Equivalent Temperature ◽  
Thermal Index ◽  
Radiation Fluxes

Several complex thermal indices (e.g. PMV and PET) were developed in the last decades to describe the quantify the thermal environment of humans and the energy fluxes between body and environment. Compared to open spaces the complex surface structure of urban areas creates an environment with special microclimatic characteristics, which have a dominant effect on the energy balance of the human body. In this study, outdoor thermal comfort conditions are examined through numerical model with different transparency ratios in canopy. The intensity of radiation fluxes is dependent on several factors, such as orientation, size and transparency of canopy. Special emphasis is given to the human-biometeorological assessment of the microclimate of building element (canopy) through the application of the thermal index PET (Physiological Equivalent Temperature). The analysis is carried out by the utilization of Ecotect and RayMan software.

scholarly journals PENGARUH RUANG TERBUKA HIJAU TERHADAP IKLIM MIKRO DAN KENYAMANAN TERMAL PADA 3 LOKASI DI KOTA MANADO

EUGENIA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yordan P. Mala ◽  
J. I. Kalangi ◽  
F. B. Saroinsong
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Outdoor Thermal Comfort ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Canopy Area ◽  
Building Area

Microclimate is an important requirement for urban communities in creating outdoor thermal comfort. Micro climate as a benchmark in determining thermal comfort consists of 4 (four) elements which are, air temperature, air humidity, wind speed and solar radiation. Green open space area is one way to create comfortable micro climate for the community. The purpose of this study is to analyze microclimate and thermal comfort in 3 (three) green open spaces. The researcher used a purposive sampling method and chose the area with the same characteristics, namely UNSRAT Field, Tikala Field, and KONI Field. The results obtained were that the UNSRAT Field had the highest thermal comfort level with a percentage reaching 90% at 10:00 a.m. and 80% at 1:00 p.m. In addition, the micro climates in the three locations have differences, differences occur due to canopy area, tree species, plants, pavement type and building area around green open space.Keywords : microclimate, climate, open space, green open space

Urban tree planting to maintain outdoor thermal comfort under climate change: The case of Vancouver's local climate zones

2019 ◽  
Vol 158 ◽  
pp. 226-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Aminipouri ◽  
David Rayner ◽  
Fredrik Lindberg ◽  
Sofia Thorsson ◽  
Anders Jensen Knudby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Tree Planting ◽  
Outdoor Thermal Comfort ◽  
Climate Zones ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Urban Tree ◽  
Local Climate Zones
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