scholarly journals Ethnolinguistic Diversity and Education. A Successful Pairing

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 6625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mª Ángeles Caraballo ◽  
Eva Mª Buitrago
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Marginal Effect ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Country Level ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Many ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Ethnolinguistic Fractionalization

The many growing migratory flows render our societies increasingly heterogeneous. From the point of view of social welfare, achieving all the positive effects of diversity appears as a challenge for our societies. Nevertheless, while it is true that ethnolinguistic diversity involves costs and benefits, at a country level it seems that the former are greater than the latter, even more so when income inequality between ethnic groups is taken into account. In this respect, there is a vast literature at a macro level that shows that ethnolinguistic fragmentation induces lower income, which leads to the conclusion that part of the difference in income observed between countries can be attributed to their different levels of fragmentation. This paper presents primary evidence of the role of education in mitigating the adverse effects of ethnolinguistic fractionalization on the level of income. While the results show a negative association between fragmentation and income for all indices of diversity, the attainment of a certain level of education, especially secondary and tertiary, manages to reverse the sign of the marginal effect of ethnolinguistic fractionalization on income level. Since current societies are increasingly diverse, these results could have major economic policy implications.

scholarly journals Grounding semantic transparency in context

Morphology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rossella Varvara ◽  
Gabriella Lapesa ◽  
Sebastian Padó
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Distributional Semantics ◽  
Semantic Transparency ◽  
Inclusion Measure ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Semantic Point ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractWe present the results of a large-scale corpus-based comparison of two German event nominalization patterns: deverbal nouns in -ung (e.g., die Evaluierung, ‘the evaluation’) and nominal infinitives (e.g., das Evaluieren, ‘the evaluating’). Among the many available event nominalization patterns for German, we selected these two because they are both highly productive and challenging from the semantic point of view. Both patterns are known to keep a tight relation with the event denoted by the base verb, but with different nuances. Our study targets a better understanding of the differences in their semantic import.The key notion of our comparison is that of semantic transparency, and we propose a usage-based characterization of the relationship between derived nominals and their bases. Using methods from distributional semantics, we bring to bear two concrete measures of transparency which highlight different nuances: the first one, cosine, detects nominalizations which are semantically similar to their bases; the second one, distributional inclusion, detects nominalizations which are used in a subset of the contexts of the base verb. We find that only the inclusion measure helps in characterizing the difference between the two types of nominalizations, in relation with the traditionally considered variable of relative frequency (Hay, 2001). Finally, the distributional analysis allows us to frame our comparison in the broader coordinates of the inflection vs. derivation cline.

Problematic aspects of the use of penitentiary information in the process of disclosure and investigation of crimes

2020 ◽  
pp. 160-165
Author(s):  
Максим Владимирович Кремлев
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Goal Setting ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Difference

Автор, основываясь на ранее проведенных исследованиях, определяет место и роль пенитенциарной информации в процессе раскрытия и расследования преступлений. Указывается, что пенитенциарная информация превращается в процессуальную и, соответственно, в доказательственную посредством поэтапного прохождения через комплекс действий, облеченных в формы пенитенциарного, оперативно-розыскного и процессуального законодательства. Устанавливаются наиболее уязвимые места с точки зрения содержательного наполнения и процессуального оформления получаемых в рамках режимной деятельности сведений. Таковыми выступают места «сочленения» видов деятельности. Основой для подобного рода высказывания выступает разница в нормативном регулировании, в сменяемости и целеполагании исполнителей, а также их представлении о критериях успешности выполненной работы. В качестве подтверждения выдвинутого тезиса приводится пример из правоохранительной практики использования пенитенциарной информации в процессе доказывания, имеющий негативные последствия. Предлагаются направления совершенствования получения пенитенциарной информации с целью усиления ее доказательственного потенциала. In this article, the author, based on previous research determines the place and role of penitentiary information in the process of disclosure and investigation of crimes. It is specified that penitentiary information turns into procedural and, accordingly, into proofs by means of step-by-step passing through a complex of actions exposed in forms of the penitentiary, operational-search and procedural legislation. The most vulnerable places from the point of view of substantial filling and procedural registration of the data received within regime activity are established. These are the places of “articulation” of activities. It is concluded that the basis for this kind of statement is the difference in regulatory regulation, in the turnover and goal-setting of performers, as well as their representation of the criteria for the success of the work performed. As a confirmation of the proposed thesis, an example from the law enforcement practice of using penitentiary information in the process of proving having negative consequences is given. Directions of improvement of receiving penitentiary information for the purpose of strengthening of its evidentiary potential are offered.

scholarly journals Wydajność fiskalna podatków lokalnych, jej uwarunkowania i przestrzenne zróżnicowanie w Polsce

Studia BAS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (65) ◽  
pp. 55-75
Author(s):  
Joanna Śmiechowicz
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Real Estate ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Estate Tax ◽  
Local Taxes ◽  
Real Estate Tax ◽  
Fiscal Efficiency ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Public Revenues

The article focuses on the fiscal efficiency of local taxes which in Poland are levies on wealth, i.e., real estate tax, means of transport tax, agricultural tax and forestry tax. The author discusses the determinants of fiscal efficiency of local taxes. Special attention is given to the analysis and assessment of fiscal importance of these taxes for municipalities and cities with powiat status, and to the role of public revenues for local government budgets. The author also compares fiscal efficiency of local taxes from the point of view of various types of their recipients and different levels of local government in Poland.

How to put yourself in someone else’s shoes: The role of point-of-view in the interpretation of mixed messages

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-238
Author(s):  
Nikos Vergis
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Affective Factors ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mixed Messages ◽  
Communicative Role ◽  
The Way

AbstractDoes having a communicative role other than the speaker’s make a difference to the way pragmatic meaning is construed? Standard paradigms in interpersonal pragmatics have implicitly assumed a speaker-centric perspective over the years, however modern approaches have re-considered the role of listener evaluations. In the present study, I examine whether assuming different communicative roles (speaker, listener, observer) results in varying interpretations. A web-based experiment revealed that participants who took the perspective of different characters in short stories differed in the way they interpreted what the speaker meant. In most cases, participants in the role of the listener interpreted speaker meaning in more negative ways than participants in the other roles. The present study suggests that the directionality of the difference (negative inferences under the listener’s perspective) could be explained by taking into account affective factors.

Critical Role of Supply Chain Decoupling Point in Mass Customisation from Its Upstream and Downstream Information Systems Point of View

2011 ◽  
pp. 185-196
Author(s):  
S. Saghiri
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Information Flows ◽  
Mass Customisation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Type Information ◽  
Different Levels

Concentrating on the role of supply chain decoupling point, this chapter introduces different levels of customisation and mass operations and three types of mass customisation. It argues that in each mass customisation type, information systems which are upstream and downstream of the decoupling point can be varied. Consequently, information flows in different types of mass customisation have been examined. This analysis is an endeavour to organise mass customisation information systems across the supply chain, while it can be a useful structure for future researches in this area as well.

Pychiatrists and Legal Issues in Dementia Care

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S37-S37
Author(s):  
M.M. Carrasco
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Behavioral Disturbances ◽  
The Family ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
The Many

During more than half a century, Psychiatry has extensively accepted a biomedical model studying mental disorders (including schizophrenia, affective disorders and the large group of stress-related disorders, including anxiety disorder. Thus, the classical dichotomy between functional and organic psychiatric disorders is obsolete and from a theoretical point of view there should be no obstacle for Psychiatry to deal with the study of dementias from gene to clinical levels using empirical methods, including neurotransmitters and scanning techniques. However, in many European countries, the dementias have been claimed as belonging primarily to Neurology, leaving the role of psychiatrists to treat psychotic symptoms and bizarre behavioral disturbances.However, psychiatrists have a long tradition of detailed psychopathological description and great skill in coping with the many psychological, ethical and social problems that are such important features of mental disorders and particularly the dementias, and so, the specific skills of psychiatrists will certainly be warranted in managing the many significant psychological and social problems of the patient both within the family and in society. The discussion must overcome the sterile debate between specialties to focus on the skills needed to adequately address the needs of patients with dementia and their caregivers.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals ARE THE MARGINAL CONVERGENCE OUTCOMES OF THE COHESION POLICY DIMINISHING?

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1390-1410
Author(s):  
Mindaugas Butkus ◽  
Alma Mačiulytė-Šniukienė ◽  
Kristina Matuzevičiūtė
Keyword(s):  
Marginal Effect ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Cohesion Policy ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Level Ii ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Linear Effects ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Positive Return

Significant disparities still exist between regions of the European Union, even though substantial Cohesion investments are directed to address this issue. To adjust the Cohesion Policy (CP), researchers assess the returns of the CP, but almost all studies are carried out at NUTS1&2 or a country level, even though significant disparities occur at NUTS3 level. Moreover, just a few studies examine the non-linear effects of the CP, and none of them covers the NUTS3 disaggregation level. Filling the gap of previous contributions, the paper aims to investigate convergence outcomes of the CP at NUTS2&3 level and to identify whether the marginal effect of the CP is diminishing. The estimation strategy is based on the modified specification of the difference-in-differences estimator that has an advantage while examining policy effects, using non-experimental data. Based on research findings, the essential guidelines for the improvement of the CP can be drawn up: i) the distribution policy of Cohesion investments should focus on smaller territorial units to reduce disparities at NUTS3 level; ii) the intensity of the CP’s transfers has to be optimised because excessive intensity does not provide a positive return.

scholarly journals PERIFERIAS TURÍSTICAS: LA ARTICULACIÓN DE UN DESTINO RURAL DE BORDE METROPOLITANO. EL CASO DEL SURESTE DE MADRID

2020 ◽  
pp. 215-247
Author(s):  
Claudia Yubero Bernabé ◽  
María García Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Economic Sector ◽  
Public Programs ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
La Red

El sureste de Madrid ha sido recientemente incorporado en la agenda política regional como oportunidad para el reequilibrio turístico del territorio. El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar el papel de los 6 principales programas acometidos desde su capacidad para generar adhesión entre los agentes locales y articulación de la red de gestión pública del turismo. El resultado del análisis refleja la realidad de unas relaciones intracomarcales débiles y polarizadas por el gobierno regional, así como un sector económico diversificado (que dificulta la adhesión del sector privado a los programas). Solo algunos atisbos de cooperación en “la periferia de la periferia” emergen como efectos positivos de tales programas. Se llama la atención hacia las limitaciones en la construcción de un destino rural de base comarcal en territorios periféricos bajo influencia metropolitana. The southeast of Madrid has recently been incorporated into the regional political agenda as an opportunity for the tourist rebalancing of the territory. The objective of this work is to evaluate the role of the 6 main programs undertaken from the point of view of their capacity to generate articulation in this destination. The result of the analysis reflects the reality of weak relationships at the intra-regional level that are polarized by the regional government, as well as a diversified economic sector (which hinders the engagement of the private sector to public programs). Only a few glimpses of cooperation in “the periphery of the periphery” emerge as positive effects of such programs. Attention is drawn to the limitations in the construction of a rural destination with a regional base in peripheral territories under metropolitan influence.  

scholarly journals Examine The Role of Online Travel Agents to Increase Room Occupancy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hary Hermawan ◽  
Rudi Wijayanto ◽  
Prihatno ◽  
Nikasius Jonet Sinangjoyo
Keyword(s):  
Case Study Research ◽  
Travel Agents ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Start Up ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Many ◽  
Online Reservation ◽  
Online Travel

Online Travel Agent (OTA) is an online-based start-up company that serves ticket purchases, hotel room reservations, and tourist attraction ticket purchases. One of the many OTA companies that collaborate with accommodation providers is Traveloka. Balkondes Sakapitu has used OTA, in this case, Traveloka as a partner in selling its products in the form of rooms. This study aims to analyze the role of OTA in increasing room occupancy in Balkondes Sakapitu. This research is qualitative research with a case study research design. This study indicates that OTA plays an essential role in increasing room occupancy at Balkondes Sakapitu. The increase in room occupancy is measured by the number of online reservation levels through Traveloka within three months from October to December 2020. The role of increasing room occupancy, the use of OTA in this case Traveloka includes: showing the position or position of the hotel based on reviews from guests and a forum for promotion and sales. There are advantages and disadvantages of using Traveloka for Balkondes Sakapitu. These advantages include marketing personnel's efficiency, saving operational costs, easy to change prices, and statistical data reports. While the drawbacks: the difference in sales prices, long payment tempo, and needed qualified HR. The strength of this research, when compared with previous research, is that this study reveals the pattern of cooperation between the hotel and OTA, and discusses the distribution of commission amounts that in previous studies not discussed.

My life being so difficult a one to live

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerome Boyd Maunsell
Keyword(s):  
First World War ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
The First World War ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Many ◽  
Second World ◽  
First World

An account of Wyndham Lewis’s career as a portrait painter opens this chapter, with a focus on the many self-portraits he painted during his life. The theme of the difference between visual and literary self-portraiture is explored, and the role of satire in portraiture. The chapter examines Lewis’s first autobiography Blasting and Bombardiering (1937), and his depiction of the period leading up to and through the First World War. It also analyzes Lewis’s self-imposed exile during the Second World War during his emigration to America and Canada with his wife Anne, portrayed in Self Condemned (1954), and the subsequent writing of Rude Assignment (1950) after Lewis’s return to England. Lewis’s word portraits of Ford and Stein in his autobiographies are discussed, as are the omissions in these autobiographies.

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