scholarly journals Local Clusters as “Building Blocks” for Smart Specialization Strategies: A Dynamic SWOT Analysis Application in the Case of San Diego (US)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 5541
Author(s):  
Carmelina Bevilacqua ◽  
Ilaria Giada Anversa ◽  
Gianmarco Cantafio ◽  
Pasquale Pizzimenti
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Economic System ◽  
San Diego ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Local Cluster ◽  
Smart Specialization

The paper aimed at exploring the role of local industrial clusters as a part of an important evidence-based pathway for operationalizing smart specialization policy. Hitherto, the scientific debate has been largely focused on the relationship of clusters with the local business environment to boost competitiveness and has mostly searched for the operationalization of smart specialization policy in economically successful regions. However, the understanding of the role of local clusters (LCs), in terms of cluster industries that serve local businesses and residents, as potential “building-blocks” of Smart Specialization Strategies (S3) still lacks interpretive studies. We proposed a conceptual framework to unveil those factors of LCs that may be enhanced in the S3 policy design, around the concepts of adaptiveness and responsiveness to structural and influencing features of a local economic system. The distinction between Local and Traded clusters, applied in the US context, allows the identification of Local Cluster performance because of the availability of a robust data set. Accordingly, a tool is proposed to investigate those factors that are likely empowering smart specialization strategies: The dynamic SWOT analysis on the case of San Diego provides interesting insights toward building this conceptual framework. The findings may help explain how to relate LCs with smart specialization as building-blocks, based on potential risks and opportunities associated with the local economic system.

scholarly journals Analisis Peran Negara Di Bidang Ekonomi Dalam Prespektif Sistem Kapitalisme, Sosialisme, Dan Ekonomi Islam

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Kambali
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
The State ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The World ◽  
Low Interest Rates

The economic crisis that convolved the world economy a few years ago is the result of a series of government policies in the economic field. Starting from the Subprime Mortgage in America, the crisis eventually spreads across all sectors of the economy. As analysts say that the explosion of the current economic crisis is caused by the trend of low interest rates that are applied by the Fed. The trend of low interest rates will give rise to expectation of market to future economic situation. It is characterized by the overflow of capital expansion in all sectors, especially in property sector. Today, along with the growing mobility of capital from one country to another as part of unavoidable economic liberalization, mobility of capital, on the one hand, has spawned some of the imbalances in the life of a State. The powerlessness can not be separated from economic ideology and system on state role in the economy. Capitalism with its laissez faire brings the concept of state minimal role in the economy. In the empirical facts, it is broken by the crisis situation in 1930 and today's financial crisis. Socialism tends to carry the central role of the State in the economy through the centralistic planning system. The fall of the Soviet Union in the 1980s brought the world to a choice whether reconstructing capitalism or socialism as Fukuyama and Gidden said. On the other hand, as the new system, the economic system of Islam brings the concept of the role of the State in the economy on the basis of universal values of Islam, such as justice in the economy which is reflected in the mechanism of the prohibition of riba (usury), just income distribution and redistribution of income through zakat and social security. This article is an exposure of the State's role in the economy which is studied through the perspective of today’s economic system. The systems are capitalism, socialism, and Islam. The article not only explores conceptual framework, but also also contains an empirical framework mapping and how the conceptual framework is operated. At the end, from the two mapping (conceptual and empirical), author draws a reflection of how the State should play a role in the economic field. Keywords: Capitalism, Socialism, Islam, Economic Role of State

Analisis Peran Negara Di Bidang Ekonomi Dalam Prespektif Sistem Kapitalisme, Sosialisme, Dan Ekonomi Islam

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-35
Author(s):  
Muhammad Kambali
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
The State ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The World ◽  
Low Interest Rates

The economic crisis that convolved the world economy a few years ago is the result of a series of government policies in the economic field. Starting from the Subprime Mortgage in America, the crisis eventually spreads across all sectors of the economy. As analysts say that the explosion of the current economic crisis is caused by the trend of low interest rates that are applied by the Fed. The trend of low interest rates will give rise to expectation of market to future economic situation. It is characterized by the overflow of capital expansion in all sectors, especially in property sector. Today, along with the growing mobility of capital from one country to another as part of unavoidable economic liberalization, mobility of capital, on the one hand, has spawned some of the imbalances in the life of a State. The powerlessness can not be separated from economic ideology and system on state role in the economy. Capitalism with its laissez faire brings the concept of state minimal role in the economy. In the empirical facts, it is broken by the crisis situation in 1930 and today's financial crisis. Socialism tends to carry the central role of the State in the economy through the centralistic planning system. The fall of the Soviet Union in the 1980s brought the world to a choice whether reconstructing capitalism or socialism as Fukuyama and Gidden said. On the other hand, as the new system, the economic system of Islam brings the concept of the role of the State in the economy on the basis of universal values ​​of Islam, such as justice in the economy which is reflected in the mechanism of the prohibition of riba (usury), just income distribution and redistribution of income through zakat and social security. This article is an exposure of the State's role in the economy which is studied through the perspective of today’s economic system. The systems are capitalism, socialism, and Islam. The article not only explores conceptual framework, but also also contains an empirical framework mapping and how the conceptual framework is operated. At the end, from the two mapping (conceptual and empirical), author draws a reflection of how the State should play a role in the economic field.

Cyber Counterintelligence

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 44-62
Author(s):  
Petrus Duvenage ◽  
Thenjiwe Sithole ◽  
Basie von Solms
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Academic Development ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Theoretical Construct ◽  
Corporate Board ◽  
Academic Field ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Sound Theory ◽  
Field Sound

This article advances a conceptual framework for cyber counterintelligence (FCCI) as a theoretical construct, hopefully useful not only to this field's academic development, but also to sound practice. It is submitted within the context of the sharp increasing targeting of state and non-state actors by adversarial intelligence actors (such other nation states, crime syndicates and competitors). The signature role of cyber counterintelligence (CCI) is precisely the engagement, exploitation and neutralisation of such adversarial actors. CCI has been practised by nation states for well over a decade and has recently also been gaining traction in corporate board rooms and as an academic field. Sound theory is critical to not only CCI's academic evolvement but also to sound practice. The proposed FCCI comprises of eight notional building blocks essential to explaining what CCI is and how it works.

scholarly journals DIMENSIONS OF THE SOCIAL RISK IN THE CONTEMPORARY ECONOMY

2008 ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Marcela Danu
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
The State ◽  
Systemic Approach ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
The Social

The role of risk and its implications in the societal life causes the systemic approach in the triad consumer - firm - environment. One of the types of risk that the company always supported but in periods of crisis, a known multiplied size and gravities, is the social risk. This paper highlights, mainly, two types of social risk faced by the demand, supply, the economic system exponents, as a whole, respectively the risk of poverty and social risk to the organization. The conditioning and the interdependencies of them are generated and maintained by the state of development of national economy, the quality of the business environment.

An empirical study of the role of IT flexibility and IT capability in IT-business strategic alignment

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 2-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeid Jorfi ◽  
Khalil Md Nor ◽  
Lotfi Najjar
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Alignment ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Empirical Examination ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
It Capability ◽  
It Flexibility

Purpose The purpose of this study is to contribute to the current discussion on strategic alignment of information technology and business (strategic alignment) by developing a model for conceptualizing how strategic alignment can be enabled through of IT flexibility and IT capability. Design/methodology/approach A questionnaire instrument was created to measure the constructs and it was assessed in a pretest and two pilot-tests. The main data set was collected from IT managers (or similar titles) of medium- and large-sized firms. Findings Strategic alignment seems to be moving closer to firms’ core activity in today’s business environment. The findings revealed that strategic alignment was significantly affected by four dimensions of IT flexibility and IT capability. Furthermore, the significant role of two dimensions of IT flexibility in IT capability was supported. Research limitations/implications Single key informants were used for data collection that could be a potential limitation. Practical implications It seems likely that firms will benefit from the results to manage and control their scarce IT resources more effectively for aligning IT with business strategies, goals and needs. Originality/value Strategic alignment has become a more complex and unstructured phenomenon and many firms are still considering how to reconcile to it. Furthermore, the lack of empirical examination of IT flexibility and IT capability in relation to strategic alignment from important perspectives, and the lack of research of the dimensions of IT flexibility for supporting IT capability, determines the purpose of this study.

scholarly journals THE EXPERIENCE OF SMART-SPECIALIZATION IMPLEMENTATION AS AN APPROACH TO STIMULATING THE ECONOMY OF REGIONS IN EU COUNTRIES: LESSONS FOR UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3(76)) ◽  
pp. 98-109
Author(s):  
H.O. PATYTSKA
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Public Funding ◽  
National Level ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Adoption And Implementation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Smart Specialization

Topicality. The expediency of in-depth study of smart specialization as an approach to stimulating the economy of the regions at the present stage is related to the deepening of cooperation between Ukraine and EU countries within the neighborhood policy and consolidation at the legislative level in Ukraine since 2016 of smart specialization as a regional development. Aim and tasks. The aim of the article is to study the experience of developing and implementing smart specialization strategies in the EU, as well as to develop practical proposals for organizing the process of forming and implementing smart specialization strategies in the domestic realities. Research results. Formed as a concept of expanding public funding in the field of research and innovation, smart specialization has resulted in significant conceptual and economic-political consequences: the allocation of the key role of scientific-technological and economic specialization in the development of territories; determining the role of research and development work to substantiate the areas of current and future comparative advantage; formation of a mechanism for managing the process of implementing the strategy of smart specialization, based on the model "public sector - science - entrepreneurship". Research of foreign experience in the formation and implementation of smart specialization strategies was conducted in the following areas: 1) determining the levels of adoption and implementation of smart specialization strategies in different countries; 2) analysis of sources of financing the implementation of projects in the context of the implementation of strategies at the level of states and regions; 3) taking into account the differentiation of socio-economic development and policy traditions at the national and regional levels in the countries implementing RIS 3. Conclusion. Emphasis is placed on the possibilities of using the formed conclusions in the process of adaptation of smart specialization to Ukrainian conditions. It is established that Ukraine should pay attention to the following aspects on the way to the innovative model of regional development: 1) lack of capable institutional structures at the regional level capable of developing, implementing and financing innovation strategies, which requires involvement of the national level of smart specialization policy. ; 2) the feasibility of forming smart specialization strategies on clearly defined and sufficient sources of funding and an effective mechanism for monitoring and controlling the use of funds; 3) a prerequisite for the formation of a strategy of smart specialization in our country should be a wide range of information and consulting work in the business environment and research circles.

Business-groups in Russian industries

2004 ◽  
pp. 121-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Avdasheva
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Organization ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Institutional Economics ◽  
Business Groups ◽  
Control Rights ◽  
Organization And Management ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
Soviet Economic System

The chapter of “Institutional Economics” textbook is devoted to the development of business-groups as a specific feature of industrial organization in the Russian economy. The main determinants of forming and functioning of business-groups such as allocation of property rights in Soviet enterprises, networks of directors and executive authorities in the Soviet economic system as well as import of new institutes and inefficient state enforcement are in the center of analysis. Origins, structure, organization and management within the groups and the role of shareholding and informal control rights are considered.

The Role of Behavioral Models in the Ontological Structure of Modern Macroeconomics

2013 ◽  
pp. 98-110
Author(s):  
M. Likhachev
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Institutional Structure ◽  
Economic Environment ◽  
Behavioral Models ◽  
Macroeconomic Models ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Practical Implications

Behavioral models are considered in the paper as the link between the description of the institutional structure of the economic system and the formation of macro-aggregates, reflecting the results of its operations. The degree of homogeneity of the private sector’s economic environment and complementary goals of private entities and government regulation are noted as basic characteristics of behavioral models. The author examines the differences in the estimates of these characteristics as one of the most important factors underpinning the architecture of modern macroeconomic models and their practical implications.

Enterprise and its Business Environment

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Business Environment ◽  
Solid Base ◽  
Business Enterprise ◽  
The World

A clear and insightful introduction to the world of business enterprise and the inner workings of the firm. It explores the role of entrepreneurs, consumers and businesses to understand how their roles affect the production and allocation of good and services and provides a solid base from which those new to the study of business can develop their own interests in relation to the most powerful economic and entrepreneurial forces shaping the world in which we live.

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