scholarly journals Return on Education in Two Major Vietnamese Cities

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 4903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daeheon Choi ◽  
Chune Young Chung ◽  
Ha Truong
Keyword(s):  
General Education ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Extended Version ◽  
The Public ◽  
Flexible System ◽  
Two Cities ◽  
Education And Development ◽  
Economic Regions ◽  
Sustainable Productivity

To maintain its sustainable productivity growth, Vietnam needs to upgrade its education system. Although studies have examined the return on schooling in Vietnam, none have focused on Hanoi (the capital) or Ho Chi Minh (the biggest economy), which differ markedly from the rest of the country in terms of their levels of education and development. We address this gap in the literature using an extended version of the classic Mincerian human capital equation and data from the latest Vietnam Household Living Standard Survey (2016). The Heckman two-stage method is used to address selection bias. In the two cities, there is no wage premium for people with a general education. Thus, workers need to earn at least a vocational degree to increase their wages significantly over those of people with a general education. In general, Ho Chi Minh offers higher salaries (4.45%) and tends to reward experience, whereas Hanoi pays more for an additional year of education (1.95%). Therefore, Vietnam should promote vocational education and develop a more open, flexible system that is less dependent on credential hiring, especially in the public sector. Lastly, we highlight the need to study returns on sustainable education in specific economic regions in Vietnam.

The Impact of the Public Expenditure Cuts Policy on the Labor Market in Vietnam

2012 ◽  
pp. 22-46
Author(s):  
Huong Nguyen Thi Lan ◽  
Toan Pham Ngoc
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium ◽  
Impact Evaluation ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium Model ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of public expenditure cuts on employment and income to support policies for the development of the labor mar- ket. Impact evaluation is of interest for policy makers as well as researchers. This paper presents a method – that is based on a Computable General Equilibrium model – to analyse the impact of the public expenditure cuts policy on employment and income in industries and occupations in Vietnam using macro data, the Input output table, 2006, 2008 and the 2010 Vietnam Household Living Standard Survey.

Recent Changes in German Governmental Organization

1945 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-100
Author(s):  
Heinz Guradze
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
Military Government ◽  
Governmental Organization ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
Regional Labor ◽  
Economic Regions ◽  
The Military ◽  
Delegation Of Powers ◽  
Dominant Part

Within the last few years, changes have been carried out in the public administration of Germany which will affect the military government to be established during and after Germany's defeat. Their general trend has been to subordinate state (i.e., Reich, regional, and local) administration to the Party, which has been vested with more and more power. This is of particular interest in the light of the present “total mobilization,” in which the Party plays a dominant part. To some extent, the changes discussed in this note show a definite trend toward decentralization, although there has been no actual delegation of powers to smaller units, since all power remained in the hands of the Party—this being, of course, the reason why the Nazis could afford to “decentralize.” On the local level, the reforms aimed at tying together the loosening bonds between the régime and the people. Only the most recent emergency measures of “total mobilization” are touched on in this note.1. Gauarbeitsaemter. When the Reichsanstalt was created in 1927–28, the Reich was organized in 13 economic regions, each having one regional labor office (Landesarbeitsamt). The idea was to establish large economic districts containing various industries so that a crisis in one industry could be absorbed by the labor market of another within the same district, thus creating “ausgleichsfaehige Bezirke.”

scholarly journals CORPORATE CULTURE OF GENERAL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS: ADMINISTRATIVE ASPECT

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Red’ko
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Culture ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Integral Characteristic ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
The Public ◽  
Head Of School ◽  
Education And Development

The article is devoted to the corporate culture of an educational institution as a factor in the success of its operations. The quality of educational services, relationships in the teaching staff, the atmosphere of schools that meet the requirements of our time, the demands of the public, have a high reputation and are competitive in the educational market depends on the level of formation of corporate culture. However, the problem of the formation and development of corporate culture schools for a long time remained unnoticed today still at the periphery of research practices. Today in Ukraine corporate culture has not been reflected in the regulatory legislation and education based on the general cultural level of society, morality, business practices, etc., whose condition is caused by the level of economic development. The management of corporate culture is open and clear enough for most school leaders, and therefore there is a need to disseminate information on the role of corporate culture, mechanisms of implementation and management of its formation. The main structural elements of organizational culture seen in the mission, values, standards system to ensure the process of training, education and development of children; the attitude of teachers to the goals, objectives, results of work of educational organizations; communication and informal rules of behavior, choice of appropriate leadership styles, conditions for creativity teachers, traditions, rituals and ceremonies that are accepted in school; staff attitude to themselves as members of the teaching kolekyvu, opportunities for their personal development. We believe that the culture of an educational institution should be considered first, as a system of collective values, norms and traditions of life common students and teaching staff, and secondly, as an integral characteristic of individual school community; Thirdly, as the most important factor of socialization of students. A key step in the formation of corporate culture is to define the mission and vision of the educational institution. In the mission and goals of the institution should have reflected the basic values that are specified in the concept of school. An important role in the corporate culture of an educational institution plays a presence bright, charismatic personality of the head of school. The researchers emphasize that the most successful developing corporate culture in educational institutions, led by creative director are ready to innovate, informally linked to a function that can create a team which interact on an equal footing teachers, students their parents and the public.

An extended artificial bee colony with local search for solving the Skyline-based web services composition under interval QoS properties

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Ghizlane Khababa ◽  
Fateh Seghir ◽  
Sadik Bessou
Keyword(s):  
Web Services ◽  
Local Search ◽  
Artificial Bee Colony ◽  
Search Space ◽  
Evolutionary Strategy ◽  
Extended Version ◽  
The Public ◽  
Bee Colony ◽  
Skyline Operator ◽  
Experimental Comparisons

 In this paper, we introduce an extended version of artificial bee colony with a local search method (EABC) for solving the QoS uncertainty-aware web service composition (IQSC) problem, where the ambiguity of the QoS properties are represented using the interval-number model. At first, we formulate the addressed problem as an interval constrained single-objective optimization model. Then, we use the skyline operator to prune the redundant and dominated web services from their sets of functionally equivalent ones. Whereas, EABC is employed to solve the IQSC problem in a reduced search space more effectively and more efficiently. For the purpose of validation of the performance and the efficiency of the proposed approach, we present the experimental comparisons to an existing skyline-based PSO, an efficient discrete gbest-guided artificial bee colony and a recently provided Harris Hawks optimization with an elite evolutionary strategy algorithms on an interval extended version of the public QWS dataset.

Berlin and Vienna: Reassessing their Relationship in German Culture

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-23
Author(s):  
Frank Trommler
Keyword(s):  
Political Competition ◽  
German Culture ◽  
The Public ◽  
German Politics ◽  
Intellectual Traditions ◽  
Two Cities ◽  
Regional Character ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Crucial Ingredient

This article is a discussion of the relationship of Berlin and Vienna as cultural capitals. It acknowledges the distinctive Austrian cultural and intellectual traditions yet is based on the realization that the unique achievements and traditions as well as the public standing of these two cities can only be fully understood within the larger confines of German culture where they constituted a polarity, effectively confirming its diverse and regional character. Discussing this polarity necessarily leads beyond the strictly national definitions of culture that became part of German politics, especially under Nazi rule. And it leads beyond the stereotypes about the competition between Prussia and Austria, between the Wilhelmine Reich and the Habsburg Monarchy, a political competition whose significance for cultural identities was arguably smaller than what historians projected. Though not eclipsing other city rivalries such as those between Berlin and Munich, Berlin and Hamburg, Vienna and Budapest, the polarity of Vienna and Berlin seems to have become a crucial ingredient in labeling German culture multifaceted and blessed with alternatives.

Trench Warfare

1931 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 914-925
Author(s):  
Arthur N. Holcombe
Keyword(s):  
General Education ◽  
Further Education ◽  
General Level ◽  
University Professors ◽  
Professional Students ◽  
The Public ◽  
National Capital ◽  
Older Teachers ◽  
Trench Warfare ◽  
Peculiar Nature

Professional students of American politics, like other members of the governed classes, have their private reasons for discontent with the present administration at Washington. The business depression, to be sure, has not injured the educational interests of the country to the same extent as most others. Decreased income from tuition and endowments has reduced somewhat the demand for young Ph.D.'s in colleges and universities, and the American Association of University Professors has received an extraordinary number of calls for help from older teachers who have been laid off for more or less obscure reasons on the plea of lack of funds. But in general, education seems to be one of the public services for which the public will not readily reduce its effective demand. Boys and girls continue to grow up in bad times as in good, and the increasing difficulty of finding remunerative employment only stimulates the desire for further education. Professorial salaries, once fixed, are not easily reduced, and the fall in the general level of prices leaves most professors better off than before. Hence the private reasons of professors of political science for discontent with the present administration, though no less exigent than those of other members of the governed classes, are of a peculiar nature.In the first place, the present administration has not fulfilled the high hopes of many political scientists for improvement in the methods of legislation at the national capital. It was hoped, for example, that the executive would take a vigorous initiative in recommending measures to the Congress and would make greater use of technical experts in the preparation of administration measures.

scholarly journals Conventional Multiplex PCR For Identify Soil Transmitted Helminthes (Ascais Lumbricoides, Trichuris Trichura And Ancylostoma Duodenale) In Fecal Specimens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghada Basi Ali Alomashi ◽  
Hasan Raheem Khudhur ◽  
Layla Safar Jebur
Keyword(s):  
General Education ◽  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Single Infection ◽  
Stool Examination ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Multiplex Pcr Assay ◽  
Ancylostoma Duodenale

Abstract Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, and Ancylostoma duodenale are soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) and medically neglected in Iraq country in spite of their effect on the public health. A cross-sectional study was performed in the Maternity and Childhood Teaching Hospital and General Education Hospital in Al-Dewanyia province, included 850 tool samples collected from patients who attended to the O&P lab. General stool examination (GSE), Direct wet mount method DWMM and Kato-Katz were using for diagnosis of STH infections through detected the adult and the ovum of the helminthes. A conventional multiplex PCR assay was used for detection of STHs in fecal samples. Base on microscopic examination. The results showed that 275/ 850 range among triple, double and single infection on other hand was 365/ 850 range among triple, double and single infection. In conclusions the investigative sensitivity of DWMM is notable for STH, in exception, it is capable to identify patients with the intention of highest required of management, and therefore contributes to the universal target to reduce STH as a community healthiness trouble.

scholarly journals Reindriftas sårbarhet og Norges ansvar

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-66
Author(s):  
Jan Åge Riseth ◽  
Svein Morten Eilertsen ◽  
Bernt Johansen
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
General Education ◽  
International Law ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
General Public ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Reindeer Herding ◽  
The Public ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Recreation Facilities

In Norway, the reindeer exists as both a wild and semi-domesticated species. The latter forms the basis of a livelihood and industry that is the clearest characteristic of Sámi culture, and it is protected by international law and the Norwegian Constitution. Nevertheless, reindeer herding is threatened by loss of land used for infrastructure and recreation facilities development, as well as human activities in the outfields (utmark). Reindeer are physically vulnerable, and society’s institutions do not provide sufficient protection of land for grazing and herding of reindeer. Politicians and the general public are largely unaware of this. The chapter documents this by analyzing land-use challenges in two reindeer-herding districts. Besides loss of pastureland, the accumulated effect of former losses is a loss of flexibility, which makes adaptation to new challenges increasingly difficult. The authors suggest several practical measures (e.g. plans, maps, etc.), but also point to the need for general education in Sámi culture and affairs, for politicians as well as the public. This should be a part of necessary reconciliation processes in the context of historical assimilation policies. Furthermore, the Norwegian government should strengthen its efforts to realize the intentions of plan and building laws by strengthening local and regional government obligations.

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