scholarly journals What is the Development Capacity for Provision of Ecosystem Services in the Czech Republic?

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 4273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilém Pechanec ◽  
Helena Kilianová ◽  
Elwis Tangwa ◽  
Alena Vondráková ◽  
Ivo Machar
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Ecological Integrity ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Development Capacity ◽  
Almost All

The aim of our study is to identify the evolution of land use and the landscape capacity to provide selected ecosystem services (ESs) over the past 28 years. The results obtained should answer whether the recorded land cover development has manifested in the same way as the development of landscape capacity to provide ESs for four different services. Corine Land Cover (CLC) data are used to describe the land cover for five time periods (1990, 2000, 2006, 2012, and 2018) for the area of interest—the whole of the Czech Republic Identification of persistence area. The main trajectories of land cover developments are calculated using overlay spatial operations in GIS. For each analyzed year of landscape development, land cover is evaluated separately, and basic quantification indicators are calculated. At the same time, the filling capacity of selected ESs is evaluated. The results show that the assessed area had the highest capacity to provide ecological integrity in 1990–2006, and then this slightly decreased due to category changes. From a spatial point of view, the worst development trend is seen for provisioning services, where negative development is represented almost all over the country. Ecological integrity and regulating services have similar spatial characteristics of development.

scholarly journals The Economic Value of the Ecosystem Services of Beekeeping in the Czech Republic

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 10179
Author(s):  
Pavla Vrabcová ◽  
Miroslav Hájek
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Common Reason ◽  
State Support ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Important Benefit

Beekeeping is an important part of the bioeconomy. Throughout its existence, it has been one of the fields of human endeavour that contributes to sustainability. It has significant benefits for society, both economically and environmentally. Most (90%) of honeybees’ benefit to humankind lies in their pollination capacity, and only 10% lies in bee products (honey, propolis, wax, etc.). The research presented was carried out in the conditions of the Czech Republic in the first half of 2020 through a questionnaire survey within a Google Form, which was aimed at beekeepers. The aim of this paper is, based on a questionnaire survey, to evaluate ecosystem services of beekeeping from the perspective of beekeepers, including the valuation of selected types of ecosystem services. The results show that in the Czech Republic, the most common reason for beekeeping is as a hobby (34.18%). As expected, the demand for pollination is very low compared to other countries (11.6%). From the point of view of the benefits of ecosystem services, the questionnaire survey showed that the most important benefit is the pollination of cultivated and other plants (54.7%) and honeybee products (24.8%). The value of all selected ecosystem services totals 3,646,368 CZK. The results show that state support is needed, which should address the negative demographic development of beekeepers and thus ensure the production of ecosystem services.

Activity of modern right-wing radical parties in the Czech Republic

2019 ◽  
pp. 164-173
Author(s):  
Tetiana Fedorchak
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
European Integration ◽  
Democratic Party ◽  
Party System ◽  
Social Programs ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Political Radicalism

The author investigates political radicalism in the Czech Republic, a rather heterogeneous current considering the structure of participants: from political parties to the extremist organizations. The peculiarity of the Czech party system is the existence, along with typical radical parties, of other non-radical parties whose representatives support xenophobic, nationalist and anti-Islamic statements. This is primarily the Civil Democratic Party, known for its critical attitude towards European integration, and the Communist party of the Czech Republic and Moravia, which opposes Czech membership in NATO and the EU. Among the Czech politicians, who are close to radical views, analysts include the well-known for its anti-Islamic position of the Czech President M. Zeman and the leader of the movement ANO, billionaire A. Babich. Voters vote for them not because their economic or social programs are particularly attractive to the electorate, but because of dissatisfaction with the economic situation in the state. Almost all right populist parties oppose European integration, interpreting it as an anti-national project run by an elite distorted by a deficit of democracy and corruption. Keywords: Czech Republic, right-wing radical political parties, European integration, nationalism.

scholarly journals A Brief Overview Of Development In The Use Of Indicator Gases For Coal Spontaneous Combustion And Prospects For Further Solution / Stručný Přehled Vývoje Využití Indikačních Plynů Samovznícení Uhlí A Výhled Dalšího Řešení

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 13-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukáš Snopek ◽  
Alois Adamus
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
Final Stage ◽  
Spontaneous Combustion ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Coal Spontaneous Combustion ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Input Information ◽  
Complicated Process ◽  
Mine Fires

Abstract One of the most serious risks associated with mining using mainly underground methods is the risk of mine fires. Causes of these fires can be exogenous (external) or endogenous (internal). The authors of the article pay attention to endogenous fires in coal mines, especially to the timely indication of them. As already mentioned in many contributions, spontaneous combustion is a complicated process that passes, in the final stage, into a mine open fire. The localization of a place of such danger can be done by means of so-called indicator gases that are desorbed from the coal substance at a point of the originating seat of spontaneous combustion. The article deals with a development trend in the use of indicator gases for spontaneous combustion in coal mining. The objective of the authors was to arrange chronically and briefly knowledge of the use of indicator gases both abroad and in the Czech Republic and to provide input information about a research project being dealt with at present

Protistátní trestné činy v moderních kodifikacích

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Kolumber
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Legal Concepts ◽  
Atlantic Area ◽  
Current Arrangement

The contribution “Anti-state Crimes in Modern Codifications” deals with the topic of anti-state crimes during centuries. Firstly, legal concepts in the pre-state period are mentioned. Then the attention is paid on the evolution of this institute in the Euro-Atlantic area. From this point of view, there are mentioned mainly regulations from England (1351), France (1810), Germany (1871) and Soviet Union (1958) which could be remarked as the most important for the development of other countries. On the other hand, it also reminds the development of codifications in Czechoslovakia, the Czech Republic and Slovakia, which were affected by the Austro-Hungarian legislations as well as German and Soviet approaches. The Czech current arrangement generally does not depart from the other European samples, but it cannot be omitted that in the Czech Republic it is distinguished the penal concept of the high treason (Landesverrat, vlastizrada) from the constitutional concept (Hochverrat, velezrada) which is dedicated to the presidential anti-state activities. The contribution also indicates that the concept of anti-state crimes in countries has not been unified and it has been varying according to various experiences and attitudes.

Situation of brownfields in selected regions in the Czech Republic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Škrabal ◽  
Petra Chmielová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
National Database ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
The South ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
The Given ◽  
Geographical Point

The aim of the article is to make a comparison of brownfields in the South Moravian, Olomouc, Zlín and Moravian-Silesian regions based on the spatial standpoint. Data on brownfields were obtained through the National Database of Brownfields, which is managed by the CzechInvest agency. Information about these abandoned buildings and grounds were dated on 31st March 2021. The finding of the contribution is the fact that the most abandoned buildings and areas are mainly in Moravian-Silesian and South Moravian Region. Most of brownfields are after industrial activities, civic amenities and agricultural activities. In the given article, the analysis of brownfields according to individual indicators was performed on the basis of spatial and geographical point of view. It was found that most of the examined abandoned buildings and areas are located mainly in cities, which were followed by municipalities. Furthermore, it was proved that the size of brownfields from 54% is in area up to 1 (ha). The following indicator was the distance of abandoned buildings and areas from the centre of the cadastral area. Based on the results, it was found that 45% of the analysed brownfields are located 1-3 km from the centre of the cadastral area.

Electricity supplier selection by a household in the Czech Republic in 2017 and 2018 – Monte Carlo simulation approach

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Kuncova
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo Simulation ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Extra Effort ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Monte Carlo Simulation Model

The situation on the electricity retail market in the Czech Republic is not clear because of the number of suppliers and its products. Although the information about the prices for the electricity consumption for households is available on the web and each household can change the supplier nearly with no extra effort and cost, households are still often not familiar with the individual price items of the products. In this article the analysis of the Czech electricity market from the distribution rate D25d point of view is made for the years 2017-2018 when the household annual consumption is simulated via Monte Carlo simulation model. The aim of this paper is to select such a supplier and product that minimizes the total costs of the electricity for a household for the selected distribution rate and compare it with the results from the previous years.

scholarly journals Assessment of the climate changes evolution for the long-term safety of the radioactive waste repository in the Czech Republic

2019 ◽  
Vol 133 ◽  
pp. 02005
Author(s):  
Markéta Camfrlová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Radioactive Waste ◽  
Spent Nuclear Fuel ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Deep Geological Repository ◽  
Climatic Effects ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Geological Repository

Nuclear energy accounts for a significant part of the total energy production in the Czech Republic, which is currently facing a problem dealing with the high-level radioactive waste (HLW) and the spent nuclear fuel (SNF). Deep repository is the safest option for storage of HLW. Rock environment of the area must guarantee the stability of the deep geological repository for at least 100,000 years. The aim of the research is a long-term evaluation of the climatic changes of the hypothetical area of interest, which corresponds to the candidate sites for deep geological repository in the Czech Republic. The occurrences of endogenous and exogenous phenomena, which could affect site stability, were evaluated. Concerning exogenous processes, research focuses mainly on the assessment of climatic effects. The climate scenarios for the Central Europe were examined – global climate change, glaciation, and the depth of permafrost as well as CO2 increase.

scholarly journals Bird mortality on medium-voltage power lines in the Czech Republic

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-44
Author(s):  
Vlasta Škorpíková ◽  
Václav Hlaváč ◽  
Milan Křápek
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Power Lines ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Birds Of Prey ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Medium Voltage ◽  
Bird Mortality ◽  
Straight Lines

Abstract In 2015–2016, 6,429 km medium-voltage power lines with 76,430 pylons were checked for bird mortality in the Czech Republic. 1,326 bird victims of power lines were found, 156 of which died after collisions, and 1,170 birds were electrocuted. They belonged to 60 species from 12 orders, and birds of prey made up almost half of all victims. Steel pylons bearing several cross-arms including upper and crosswise jumpers were identified as most dangerous from the electrocution point of view. On the other hand, pylons in straight lines with Pařát cross-arms (triangular arrangement of conductors without any horizontal bar) were among the least dangerous, and when they had a simple perch fitted below the cross-arm, no mortality was recorded. But these pylons are new in practice and despite becoming widely used recently, they form less than one tenth of all pylons in the Czech Republic. On other pylons various types of mitigation measures have been installed. Commonly used plastic covers and plastic strips have proved to be especially effective, but only in cases when they are undamaged and correctly installed.

scholarly journals  Legal framework for payments for forest ecosystem services in the Czech Republic

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 131-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ventrubová ◽  
P. Dvořák
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Payments For Ecosystem Services ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Forest Ecosystem Services ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
Agriculture Water

Although examples of payments for ecosystem services (PES) can be traced back at least as far as the 1980’s, it is still a relatively new instrument, and the hitherto experience in many parts of the world is not extensive yet, or based on a very long timeframe. In addition, PES is being introduced in more and more sectors (agriculture, water supply, carbon sequestration, biodiversity conservation, etc.) and in relation to more and more ecosystems (surface water, groundwater, forest, etc.). But such PES can work only with good governance in place, comprising an effective political, legislative as well as institutional system. Nevertheless, an effective introduction of PES system into national legislation calls for an appropriate analysis of the current legal system so that duplications can be excluded and only valuable measures can be added. The main goal of this paper is to analyze if the current legal framework of the Czech Republic provides an appropriate basis for establishing payments for a forest ecosystem services scheme.    

scholarly journals Do Sociodemographic Characteristics in Waste Management Matter? Case Study of Recyclable Generation in the Czech Republic

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristyna Rybova
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Spatial Effects ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
The Czech Republic

The generation of recyclables in the Czech Republic has long been under the European average, but the proportion from municipal waste as a whole has been growing over the past few years. Previous research in the Czech Republic mainly focused on organizational or situational factors explaining recycling performance in municipalities. This study focuses on individual characteristics that are connected, among other things, to ongoing demographic changes. Currently ongoing sociodemographic development in the Czech Republic, as well as other developed countries, influence a broad range of aspects of social life, including waste generation and its structure. This paper aims at quantifying the relation between the sociodemographic characteristics of municipality inhabitants and recyclable generation. For this purpose, 13 variables describing inhabitants, households, and housing in 4897 Czech municipalities were selected that could influence the generation of recyclables according to foreign studies. Data were analyzed using multidimensional linear regression. Even though the resulting model only explains 9%, it is statistically significant and implies that sociodemographic variables can help explain recyclable generation. From this point of view, important variables are average household size, share of tertiary educated people, share of family houses, purchasing power per person, percentage of people employed in agriculture, and sex ratio. To increase the explained variability and emphasize local differences in recyclable generation, we also used geographically weighted regression (GWR). GWR results show that, to understand waste generation (at least in the Czech Republic) on a municipal level, it is necessary to also consider spatial effects and regional specifics.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document