scholarly journals Feasibility and Barriers for Anaerobic Digestion in Mexico City

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 4114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsydenova ◽  
Morillas ◽  
Hernández ◽  
Soria ◽  
Wilches ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Wholesale Market ◽  
Msw Composition ◽  
The Cost

Due to the high organic fraction in municipal solid waste (MSW) composition in Mexico City, anaerobic digestion (AD) is considered as a viable treatment method for organics in this study. The most feasible way refers to the waste from the wholesale market Central de Abasto, which is predominantly organics. This work aims to perform a business plan and discuss the barriers for AD technology in Mexico. In this case study, the cost-benefit analysis (CBA) approach is applied to estimate the profitability of the project. The net present value of this project is positive, and the model resulted in a payback period of 7 years. Identified barriers to feasibility of energy generation through biogas of MSW in Mexico include the need for large investment, low profitability through sales of electricity, and no use for generated heat. An attractive panorama for clean energy in Mexico was not evidenced, even though the Energy Reform took place in 2013. However, the environmental analysis also demonstrates a positive environmental impact of 730 kg CO2 per 1 Mg of MSW. Therefore, support incentives are needed to promote the use of other by-products of the AD process, such as heat and digestate.

scholarly journals Economic Analysis of the Use of VCS2000 for Pork Carcass Meat Yield Grading in Korea

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1297
Author(s):  
Juntae Kim ◽  
Hyo-Dong Han ◽  
Wang Yeol Lee ◽  
Collins Wakholi ◽  
Jayoung Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Meat Yield ◽  
The Cost

Currently, the pork industry is incorporating in-line automation with the aim of increasing the slaughtered pork carcass throughput while monitoring quality and safety. In Korea, 21 parameters (such as back-fat thickness and carcass weight) are used for quality grading of pork carcasses. Recently, the VCS2000 system—an automatic meat yield grading machine system—was introduced to enhance grading efficiency and therefore increase pork carcass production. The VCS2000 system is able to predict pork carcass yield based on image analysis. This study also conducted an economic analysis of the system using a cost—benefit analysis. The subsection items of the cost-benefit analysis considered were net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), and benefit/cost ratio (BC ratio), and each method was verified through sensitivity analysis. For our analysis, the benefits were grouped into three categories: the benefits of reducing labor costs, the benefits of improving meat yield production, and the benefits of reducing pig feed consumption through optimization. The cost-benefit analysis of the system resulted in an NPV of approximately 615.6 million Korean won, an IRR of 13.52%, and a B/C ratio of 1.65.

scholarly journals Guide to cost benefit analysis of community-based interventions

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Sanni Yaya ◽  
Xiaonan Li
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Community Based Interventions ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
The Cost

This paper offers a general guide on how to conduct a proper economic analysis for community-based intervention projects. Identification and quantification of costs and benefits are the focus of the cost benefit analysis. We categorize costs and benefits from human and physical perspectives and pay special attention to the measures of saving human lives accompanied by the proposed calculation methods. We recommend net present value and benefit-cost ratio as the criteria to assess projects and highlight some challenges remaining in the analysis.

Environmental costs and their impact on the net present value of a hydro-electric project in Kerala, India

2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Santhakumar ◽  
Achin Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Environmental Costs ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Pulp Industry ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Cost

This paper presents the operational procedures involved in incorporating the environmental costs in the cost–benefit analysis of a hydro-electric project. The proposed project, if implemented, would result in the loss of 2,800 hectares of tropical forests and dislocation of two settlements of about 200 families who are currently dependent on the forests for their livelihood. The forests are mainly used for extracting reed – a material used both by traditional artisans and the paper-pulp industry. The potential environmental costs and benefits of the project are identified and approximate estimates of some of these costs are made for items such as carbon sequestration, bio-diversity, and so on, based on similar estimates made elsewhere. These estimated environmental costs are incorporated into the analysis, and the hypothetical estimate of the non-use value, which would make the project's net benefit zero, is estimated under different discount rates. The analysis brings into sharp focus some crucial factors that have a direct bearing on the social trade-off involved in the project choice.

scholarly journals Analisis Sistem Pengadaan Kendaraan Dinas Operasional Pemerintah Melalui Sistem Pembelian dan Sewa (Studi Pada Politeknik Negeri Padang)

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-101
Author(s):  
Elfitri Santi ◽  
Afridian Wirahadi ◽  
Arif Wahyu Saputra ◽  
Rasyidah Mustika ◽  
Ferdawati
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Analysis Instrument ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Value Of Money

The official goverment vehicles supply demand the goverment allocate fund in carefully and precise based on the needs. The value of money analysis between buy, rent, and leasing to supplying the official vehicles in Polytechnic State’s of Padang. intent on calculating, analyze, and comparing which alternative that make more value of money between the provisions system of buying, renting and leasing. Methods this Research is Qualitative and The analysis instrument that use in this research is Net Present Value Method also calculating the cost benefit analysis . The research examine 3 type or merk that represent the officeholder vehicles, such as Toyota Hiace Commuter, Kijang Innova V A/T, dan Avanza Veloz. The result of this research indicated that officeholder vehicles supplying system through the buying system is has more benefit that follow by the leasing system and the renting system. This research result could be a reference for Goverment in choosing supplying system of officeholder vehicles in Padang State’s Polytechnic.

scholarly journals Investigations on Biogas Recovery from Anaerobic Digestion of Raw Sludge and Its Mixture with Agri-Food Wastes: Application to the Largest Industrial Estate in Oman

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3698
Author(s):  
Salah Jellali ◽  
Yassine Charabi ◽  
Muhammad Usman ◽  
Abdullah Al-Badi ◽  
Mejdi Jeguirim
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Food Wastes ◽  
Industrial Estates

This work is intended to evaluate the technical, environmental, and economic feasibility of converting the sludge produced at an industrial estate’s wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Oman into energy through anaerobic digestion (AD). In this study, three different scenarios were analyzed. They concerned the digestion of the total amount of the produced sludge alone (240 m3 day−1) (scenario 1), and its co-digestion with wet agri-food wastes (AFW) at rates of two tonnes day−1 (scenario 2) and ten tonnes day−1 (scenario 3). Based on the analyses of sludge samples, an intensive literature review regarding sludge and AFW Physico-chemical and energetic characteristics and the use of the cost–benefit analysis (CBA) approach, it was found that, for the overall duration of the project (20 years), the AD of the sludge alone (scenario 1) permitted the production of 43.9 GWh of electricity, the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (more than 37,000 tonnes equivalent CO2 (TCO2)) and exhibited positive net present value (NPV: $393,483) and an internal return rate (IRR) of 19.4%. Co-digesting sludge with AFW significantly increased all of these key performance indicators. For instance, scenario 3 results in the recovery of electrical energy of 82.2 GWh and avoids the emission of 70,602 tCO2. Moreover, a higher NPV and IRR of $851,876 and 21.8%, respectively, and a payback period (PBP) of only seven years were calculated. The sensitivity analysis revealed that a decrease in total expenses by 15% results in a significant increase of the NPV and the IRR to $1,418,704 and 33.9%, respectively, for scenario 3. Considering a pessimistic assumption (an increase of the total expenses by 15%), all studied scenarios remain attractive. For instance, for scenario 3, the NPV, IRR, and PBP were evaluated to $285,047, 13.5%, and 9 years, respectively. Therefore, the co-digestion of sludge with agri-food wastes for energy recovery purposes could be considered a promising, eco-friendly, and economically viable approach in the Omani industrial estates.

scholarly journals Cost Benefit Analysis of the Exploitation of Several Important Natural Resources in the Coastal Zone in Binh Thuan Province

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuyến Dương Thanh
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Aquatic Resources ◽  
Tourism Resources ◽  
The Cost

 The cost benefit analysis (CBA) is a method of identifying and comparing the costs and benefits of a program, policy, or project to evaluate a project that increases or decreases economic welfare of society. CBA has the role of providing information for: 1/ Decide whether to invest in the project; 2/ Provide a basis for comparing options for selecting a project. The indicator used for calculation include: - Net Present Value, Net Present Value (NPV) is the net present value of the net benefit over the years converted to the monetary value of the base year. According to the discount rate (r), and the lifetime of the project – called t (years) to convert the cash flow and cost base year. If NPV value> 0, the project will be done, take back profit. If the NPV <0, project should not be done because it will make environmental damage, human health in society is more than economic benefit that prevention. According to calculation, investing tourist projects, fisheries exploitation projects, and wind electricity construction have positive NPV. Given that the Titan mining project has sound of NPV, the damage will hurt the society more than the business benefits of selling the product.    The coastal resources of Binh Thuan Province are divided into five outstanding groups, of which four are: (1) Titan mineral resources; (2) tourism resources; (3) fishery resources; (4) Energy resources and (5) Sub-categories include resources such as forest resources, land resources and water resources. In order to assess the value of specific types of resources in Binh Thuan's coastal zone, it is possible to select three types of resources to calculate the cost of benefits in the exploitation process for socio-economic development, namely tourism resource exploitation, mineral resources exploitation and exploitation of aquatic resources. The results show that the exploitation of tourism resources and exploitation of aquatic resources has the NPV> 0 value, while exploiting NPV <0

scholarly journals Cost-Benefit Analysis for the Concentrated Solar Power in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuxia Yang ◽  
Xianguo Zhu ◽  
Weishang Guo
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Concentrated Solar Power ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Parabolic Trough ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Better Than

In 2016, the first batch of concentrated solar power (CSP) demonstration projects of China was formally approved. Due to the important impact of the cost-benefit on the investment decisions and policy-making, this paper adopted the static payback period (SP), net present value (NPV), net present value rate (NPVR), and internal rate of return (IRR) to analyze and discuss the cost-benefit of CSP demonstration plants. The results showed the following. (1) The SP of CSP systems is relatively longer, due to high initial investment; but the cost-benefit of CSP demonstration plants as a whole is better, because of good expected incomes. (2) Vast majority of CSP projects could gain excess returns, on the basis of meeting the profitability required by the benchmark yield of 10%. (3) The cost-benefit of solar tower CSP technology (IRR of 12.33%) is better than that of parabolic trough CSP technology (IRR of 11.72%) and linear Fresnel CSP technology (IRR of 11.43%). (4) The annual electricity production and initial costs have significant impacts on the cost-benefit of CSP systems; the effects of operation and maintenance costs and loan interest rate on the cost-benefit of CSP systems are relatively smaller but cannot be ignored.

Cost-Benefit Analysis for Ship Automation Retrofit: The Case of Icebreaker Frej

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (02) ◽  
pp. 113-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. V. Lyridis ◽  
H. N. Psaraftis ◽  
N. Ventikos ◽  
P. Zacharioudakis ◽  
K. Dilzas
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Cost

A detailed cost-benefit analysis of a retrofit of the Advanced Technology to Optimise Maritime Operational Safety (ATOMOS) platform on board icebreaker Frej is presented. After accurately determining the relationship between the costs and benefits, an analysis is implemented in order to assess the most basic advantages and disadvantages of the suggested retrofitting action in monetary terms. A two-step approach is adopted. The first step is to define the major categories of the ship operational aggregate costs and benefits (for example, the actual cost of the ATOMOS platform and of equipment not part of the ATOMOS platform but still necessary for its installation and operation, or the expected crew decrease because of the higher degree of automation). The second step is to examine the various basic components of these categories (for example, administration and training cost, required automatic radar plotting aid [ARPA] and electronic chart display and information system [ECDIS] equipment acquisition cost, fuel benefits, and insurance benefits). The cost-benefit analysis performed is followed by a sensitivity analysis of the most important factors affecting the net present value of the investment. It is shown that it takes about 5 years for the ATOMOS retrofit to be fully paid back by the annual savings it offers and it takes about 6.5 years for the net present value of the investment to turn positive. This coupled by the increased vessel safety justifies the decision to retrofit Frej with the ATOMOS platform. Furthermore, it is found that the cost of the ATOMOS platform, the benefits from crew decrease, and the interest rate are those factors that essentially determine the profitability of the investment. In the case of Frej, it is concluded that the retrofit is worth undertaking for the majority of future scenarios.

scholarly journals DESIGN AND SIZING OF BATTERY SYSTEM FOR ELECTRIC YACHT AND FERRY

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
U Malla
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Battery System ◽  
Hybrid Propulsion ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Battery Technology ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Selection Of

The need for Zero Emission and clean energy vessels has been a major importance in the recent years. The aim of the paper is to design and size the battery system for Luxury yachts and Ferries using the Li-ion battery technology. The evolution of the battery technology in the last decade made the yacht / ferry owners to implement the battery technology to the electric vessels. This paper discusses the step by step approach for the battery system arrangement, sizing of the battery racks, selection of the cooling systems for batteries, effect on stability, cost, safety and design life of the batteries. In this paper it summarizes the cost benefit analysis of the battery system for the electric yacht / ferry when compared to a conventional diesel / hybrid propulsion system.

The Use of Cost-Benefit Analysis for Evaluating Efficiency of Public Investment Projects (The Case of Sochi-2014 Winter Olympic Games)

2011 ◽  
pp. 57-78
Author(s):  
I. Pilipenko
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Investment Efficiency ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
The Usa

The paper analyzes shortcomings of economic impact studies based mainly on input- output models that are often employed in Russia as well as abroad. Using studies about sport events in the USA and Olympic Games that took place during the last 30 years we reveal advantages of the cost-benefit analysis approach in obtaining unbiased assessments of public investments efficiency; the step-by-step method of cost-benefit analysis is presented in the paper as well. We employ the project of Sochi-2014 Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games in Russia to evaluate its efficiency using cost-benefit analysis for five accounts (areas of impact), namely government, households, environment, economic development, and social development, and calculate the net present value of the project taking into account its possible alternatives. In conclusion we suggest several policy directions that would enhance public investment efficiency within the Sochi-2014 Olympics.

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