scholarly journals Comparison of Carbon Dioxide Emissions of the Ordinary Reinforced Concrete Slab and the Voided Slab System During the Construction Phase: A Case Study of a Residential Building in South Korea

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 3571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inkwan Paik ◽  
Seunguk Na
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Slab

The construction industry not only consumes a lot of energy but also emits large volumes of carbon dioxide. Most countries have established target reduction values of the carbon dioxide emissions to alleviate environmental burdens and promote sustainable development. The reduction in carbon dioxide emissions in the construction industry has been taking place in various ways as buildings produce large quantities of the carbon dioxide over their construction life cycle. The aim of this study is to assess and compare the carbon dioxide emissions of an ordinary reinforced concrete slab and the voided slab system applied to a case study involving a commercial-residential complex building in South Korea. Process-based life-cycle assessment (LCA) is adopted to compute the carbon dioxide emissions during the construction phase, which includes all processes from material production to the end of construction. The results indicate that the total CO2 emissions are 257,230 and 218,800 kg CO2 for the ordinary reinforced concrete slab and the voided slab system, respectively. The highest contributor to CO2 reduction is the embodied carbon dioxide emissions of the building materials, which accounts for 34,966 kg CO2. The second highest contributor is the transportation of the building materials, accounting for 3417 kg CO2.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Carbon Dioxide Emissions amongst Alternative Slab Systems during the Construction Phase in a Building Project

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (20) ◽  
pp. 4333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inkwan Paik ◽  
Seunguk Na
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Flat Plate ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Reinforcing Bars ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Slab

Global warming is now considered to be one of the greatest challenges worldwide. International environmental agreements have been developed in response to climate change since the 1970s. The construction industry is considered one of the main contributors to global warming. In order to mitigate global warming effects, the construction industry has been exploring various approaches to mitigate the impacts of carbon dioxide emissions over the entire life cycle of buildings. The application of different structural systems is considered a means of reducing the carbon dioxide emissions from building construction. The purpose of this research is to assess the environmental performance of three different slab systems during the construction phase. In this study, a process-based life cycle assessment (LCA) method was applied in order to evaluate the level of performance of the three slab systems. The results showed total CO2 emissions of 3,275,712, 3,157,260, and 2,943,695 kg CO2 eq. for the ordinary reinforced concrete slab, flat plate slab, and voided slab systems, respectively. The manufacturing of building materials is by far the main contributor to CO2 emissions, which indicate 3,230,945, 3,117,203, and 2,905,564 kg CO2 eq., respectively. Comparing the building materials in the three slab systems, reinforcing bars and forms were significant building materials to reduce the CO2 emissions in the flat plate slab and voided slab systems. In this study, reinforcing bars were the main contributor to lowering the carbon dioxide emissions in the flat plate slab and voided slab systems. The results of this study show that amongst all the three different slab systems, the voided slab system shows the greatest reduction potential. Moreover, replacing the ordinary reinforced concrete slab system by alternative methods would make it possible to reduce the carbon dioxide emissions in building projects.

Punching Shear Strengthening at the New Station Square in Berne, Switzerland

2010 ◽  
pp. 35-56
Author(s):  
Dominic Joray ◽  
Martin Diggelmann
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Punching Shear ◽  
Shear Reinforcement ◽  
Shear Strengthening ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Slab

<p>The reinforced concrete slab of the reconstructed Station Square in Berne needed to be strengthened against punching shear. The case study led to the application of a newly developed post-installed punching shear reinforcement with inclined bonded bars.</p>

“Cement-Free Product” for Settlement of Ceramic Tiles: An Approach for Greener Construction

2014 ◽  
Vol 805 ◽  
pp. 403-408
Author(s):  
Otávio Luiz do Nascimento ◽  
Alexandra Ancelmo Piscitelli Mansur ◽  
Herman Sander Mansur
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Free Product ◽  
Ceramic Tile ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
The Impact

Increased public awareness of the threats posed by global warming has led to greater concern over the impact of anthropogenic carbon emissions on the global climate associated with the level of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere. Hence, without radical market, technological, and cultural changes, the CO2 concentrations are expected to rise to unbearable levels within just few decades ahead. The production of cement is estimated to be responsible for approximately 5% of the global carbon dioxide emissions. Consequently, aiming for creating a more sustainable world, engineers and scientists must develop and put into use greener building materials that may revolutionize the entire construction industry. This study presents an innovative product for settlement of ceramic tiles as a potential alternative for replacing the conventional cement based mortar in some specific building applications. Essentially, the novel system is based on a double face polymer-adhesive sheet (“cement-free product”). Thus, the main goal was to evaluate the performance and estimate the durability of the developed system. Pull-off tests were conducted in order to compare this new system to the traditional one, with polymer modified mortar, under different procedures and conditions of cure. In addition, both systems were modeled using Finite Element Method (FEM) to obtain the stresses at the interface between ceramic-tile and adhesive. Based on the results, the recommended limits of bond strength for the innovative “cement-free product” of ceramic tile installation could be lower than those specifications used for the equivalent mortar systems. Therefore, these results give some preliminary evidence that by using the new “cement-free” product for ceramic-tile installation may lead to some increase in the productivity and, more important, in the sustainability of a relevant sector of the construction industry.

Simulation of a Reinforced Concrete Slab Punching Impact

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jukka Kähkönen ◽  
Pentti Varpasuo
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Impact Velocity ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Concrete Wall ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Slab ◽  
Simply Supported ◽  
Blind Prediction ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Wall

Reinforced concrete wall subjected to an impact by a hard steel missile with a mass of 47 kg and an impact velocity of 135 m/s was one case study in the IRIS 2010 benchmark exercise in OECD/NEA/CSNI/IAGE framework. The wall had dimensions of 2m × 2m × 0.25m and it was simply supported. The perforation of the missile was expected. Fortum Power and Heat Ltd. participated in the benchmark. In this paper, we present our modeling and blind prediction of the benchmark case. The test results of the benchmark were released after the predictions were made. Based on the result comparison, we concluded that our model gave conservative results.

scholarly journals Assessment of CO2 Emissions by Replacing an Ordinary Reinforced Concrete Slab with the Void Slab System in a High-Rise Commercial Residential Complex Building in South Korea

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inkwan Paik ◽  
Seunguk Na ◽  
Seongho Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Lower Amount ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Slab ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Complex Building ◽  
Operation Phase

The purpose of this study is to verify the environmental performance of the novel Void Deck Slab (VDS) system developed by the authors. The proposed VDS is a void slab system with enhanced design features that improve the constructability of the system through the elimination of additional works required to connect the void formers with the anchoring devices. The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) technique was adopted to assess the carbon dioxide emissions of the void slab system with reference to the ordinary reinforced concrete slab. The system boundary of this study ranged from raw materials to pre-operation phase, in accordance with ISO 14044. The total CO2 emissions of the ordinary reinforced concrete slab and the void slab system were 204,433.06 and 151,754.75 kg CO2-eq, respectively, which equated to about 34% less emissions for the void slab system. In the case of the ordinary reinforced concrete slab, moulds accounted for approximately 62% of CO2 emission, followed by concrete (~34%). The main source of CO2 emissions for the void slab system was concrete that accounted for ~50%, followed by moulds and deck plates that accounted for roughly 27% and 19%, respectively. In the case of the void slab system, void formers would enable a lower amount of concrete, as well as the self-weight of the slab. Besides, although the void formers filled a significant volume of the slab, the contribution to CO2 emissions was less than 1%.

scholarly journals Characteristics of lime-hemp composite and its use in construction industry

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 011-019
Author(s):  
Przemysław Brzyski ◽  
Stanisław Fic
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Hydrated Lime ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Industrial Hemp ◽  
Reducing Energy

One of the solutions for reducing energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions in the construction sector is the use of building materials which have a favorable environmental impact. This is possible to achieve by using plant material, e.g., industrial hemp, which absorb large amounts of carbon dioxide during the growth. Instead of cement as a binder there are used alternatively clay or lime modified with industrial waste in the form of pozzolans. The paper presents the possibility of using industrial hemp in the production of composite based on modified hydrated lime. It describes the basic properties of the sample composites such as compressive strength and thermal conductivity based on literature review. The article describes the way of preparing the mixture and the possibility of using the composite for the construction of walls using different techniques.

scholarly journals Life cycle energy assessment and carbon dioxide emissions of wall systems for rural houses

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-50
Author(s):  
Renathielly Fernanda da Silva Brunetta ◽  
Samuel Nelson Melegari de Souza ◽  
Alessander Christopher Morales Kormann ◽  
Alexandre Haag Leite
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Structure ◽  
Concrete Walls ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Walls ◽  
Energy Assessment ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Wall systems have a wide range of embodied energy due to the diversity of materials available. This paper analyzes the expenditure of energy and carbon dioxide emissions in internal and external wall systems (IEWS) of a rural residence of social interest in Cascavel, state of Paraná, Brazil. The methodology proposed by NBR ISO 14040 was used to perform a life-cycle energy assessment (LCEA) and the carbon dioxide emissions assessment (LCCO2A) of these systems. Four scenarios were considered: reinforced concrete structure and ceramic blocks wall system, load-bearing masonry with concrete blocks, steel framing and reinforced concrete walls molded on site. As a result, it was found that it is possible to reduce energy consumption up to 25% by opting for reinforced concrete walls molded on site. In regards to CO2 emission, it was verified that the difference is even greater, being able to reduce emissions by almost 32% when opting for this same scenario.

Discussion about Calculation Principle of Carbon Emission in Low-Carbon Architectures

2011 ◽  
Vol 213 ◽  
pp. 302-305
Author(s):  
Xiao Fei Zhu ◽  
Da Wei Lv
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Equipment Manufacturing ◽  
Reduce Carbon Dioxide

There are more and more low-carbon architectures around us gradually. Low-carbon architectures is to decrease the use of renewable energy, improving energy efficiency, reduce carbon dioxide emissions during materials and equipment manufacturing, construction and the whole life of building use. According to calculating carbon emissions of the building materials in production, construction, using and removal, and the process of calculation, the total sum of carbon emissions in the life cycle was calculated.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document