scholarly journals Assessment of CO2 Emissions by Replacing an Ordinary Reinforced Concrete Slab with the Void Slab System in a High-Rise Commercial Residential Complex Building in South Korea

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inkwan Paik ◽  
Seunguk Na ◽  
Seongho Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Lower Amount ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Slab ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Complex Building ◽  
Operation Phase

The purpose of this study is to verify the environmental performance of the novel Void Deck Slab (VDS) system developed by the authors. The proposed VDS is a void slab system with enhanced design features that improve the constructability of the system through the elimination of additional works required to connect the void formers with the anchoring devices. The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) technique was adopted to assess the carbon dioxide emissions of the void slab system with reference to the ordinary reinforced concrete slab. The system boundary of this study ranged from raw materials to pre-operation phase, in accordance with ISO 14044. The total CO2 emissions of the ordinary reinforced concrete slab and the void slab system were 204,433.06 and 151,754.75 kg CO2-eq, respectively, which equated to about 34% less emissions for the void slab system. In the case of the ordinary reinforced concrete slab, moulds accounted for approximately 62% of CO2 emission, followed by concrete (~34%). The main source of CO2 emissions for the void slab system was concrete that accounted for ~50%, followed by moulds and deck plates that accounted for roughly 27% and 19%, respectively. In the case of the void slab system, void formers would enable a lower amount of concrete, as well as the self-weight of the slab. Besides, although the void formers filled a significant volume of the slab, the contribution to CO2 emissions was less than 1%.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Carbon Dioxide Emissions amongst Alternative Slab Systems during the Construction Phase in a Building Project

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (20) ◽  
pp. 4333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inkwan Paik ◽  
Seunguk Na
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Flat Plate ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Reinforcing Bars ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Slab

Global warming is now considered to be one of the greatest challenges worldwide. International environmental agreements have been developed in response to climate change since the 1970s. The construction industry is considered one of the main contributors to global warming. In order to mitigate global warming effects, the construction industry has been exploring various approaches to mitigate the impacts of carbon dioxide emissions over the entire life cycle of buildings. The application of different structural systems is considered a means of reducing the carbon dioxide emissions from building construction. The purpose of this research is to assess the environmental performance of three different slab systems during the construction phase. In this study, a process-based life cycle assessment (LCA) method was applied in order to evaluate the level of performance of the three slab systems. The results showed total CO2 emissions of 3,275,712, 3,157,260, and 2,943,695 kg CO2 eq. for the ordinary reinforced concrete slab, flat plate slab, and voided slab systems, respectively. The manufacturing of building materials is by far the main contributor to CO2 emissions, which indicate 3,230,945, 3,117,203, and 2,905,564 kg CO2 eq., respectively. Comparing the building materials in the three slab systems, reinforcing bars and forms were significant building materials to reduce the CO2 emissions in the flat plate slab and voided slab systems. In this study, reinforcing bars were the main contributor to lowering the carbon dioxide emissions in the flat plate slab and voided slab systems. The results of this study show that amongst all the three different slab systems, the voided slab system shows the greatest reduction potential. Moreover, replacing the ordinary reinforced concrete slab system by alternative methods would make it possible to reduce the carbon dioxide emissions in building projects.

scholarly journals Comparison of Carbon Dioxide Emissions of the Ordinary Reinforced Concrete Slab and the Voided Slab System During the Construction Phase: A Case Study of a Residential Building in South Korea

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 3571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inkwan Paik ◽  
Seunguk Na
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Slab

The construction industry not only consumes a lot of energy but also emits large volumes of carbon dioxide. Most countries have established target reduction values of the carbon dioxide emissions to alleviate environmental burdens and promote sustainable development. The reduction in carbon dioxide emissions in the construction industry has been taking place in various ways as buildings produce large quantities of the carbon dioxide over their construction life cycle. The aim of this study is to assess and compare the carbon dioxide emissions of an ordinary reinforced concrete slab and the voided slab system applied to a case study involving a commercial-residential complex building in South Korea. Process-based life-cycle assessment (LCA) is adopted to compute the carbon dioxide emissions during the construction phase, which includes all processes from material production to the end of construction. The results indicate that the total CO2 emissions are 257,230 and 218,800 kg CO2 for the ordinary reinforced concrete slab and the voided slab system, respectively. The highest contributor to CO2 reduction is the embodied carbon dioxide emissions of the building materials, which accounts for 34,966 kg CO2. The second highest contributor is the transportation of the building materials, accounting for 3417 kg CO2.

Dimension and Frequency Profiles of Concrete Highway Bridges in New Madrid Region of Southeastern Missouri

1997 ◽  
Vol 1594 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph Alan Dusseau
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Highway Bridges ◽  
Ambient Vibration ◽  
Earthquake Hazards ◽  
Empirical Formulas ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Slab ◽  
Box Girder ◽  
Bridge Spans ◽  
New Madrid

The results of a study funded by the U.S. Geological Survey as part of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program are presented. The first objective of this study was the development of a database for all 211 highway bridges along I-55 in the New Madrid region of southeastern Missouri. Profiles for five key dimension parameters (which are stored in the database) were developed, and the results for concrete highway bridges are presented. The second objective was to perform field ambient vibration analyses on 25 typical highway bridge spans along the I-55 corridor to determine the fundamental vertical and lateral frequencies of the bridge spans measured. These 25 spans included six reinforced concrete slab spans and two reinforced concrete box-girder spans. The third objective was to use these bridge frequency results in conjunction with the dimension parameters stored in the database to develop empirical formulas for estimating bridge fundamental natural frequencies. These formulas were applied to all 211 Interstate highway bridges in southeastern Missouri. Profiles for both fundamental vertical and lateral frequencies were then developed, and the results for concrete highway bridges are presented.

An Assessment of the Long-Term Durability of Concrete in Radioactive Waste Repositories

1985 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Atkinson ◽  
D. J. Goult ◽  
J. A. Hearne
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Radioactive Waste ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Preliminary Assessment ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Slab ◽  
Radioactive Waste Repositories ◽  
Waste Repositories ◽  
Durability Of Concrete

AbstractA preliminary assessment of the long-term durability of concrete in a repository sited in clay is presented. The assessment is based on recorded experience of concrete structures and both field and laboratory studies. It is also supported by results of the examination of a concrete sample which had been buried in clay for 43 years.The enoineering lifetime of a 1 m thick reinforced concrete slab, with one face in contact with clay, and the way in which pH in the repository as a whole is likely to vary with time have both been estimated from available data. The estimates indicate that engineering lifetimes of about 103 years are expected (providing that sulphate resisting cement is used) and that pH is likely to remain above 10.5 for about 106 years.

Computer Nonlinear Analysis of the Formation and Development of Cracks in a Reinforced Concrete Slab Loaded by a Planar Uniform Load

2014 ◽  
Vol 606 ◽  
pp. 229-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Tej ◽  
Vítězslav Vacek ◽  
Jiří Kolísko ◽  
Jindřich Čech
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Nonlinear Analysis ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Uniform Load ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Slab

The paper focuses on a computer nonlinear analysis of the formation and development of cracks in a concrete slab exposed to a uniform continuous load on the lower surface. The analysis is based on an actual example of the formation and development of cracks in a basement slab exposed to ground water buoyancy.

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