scholarly journals State-of-Charge Effects on Standalone Solar-Storage Systems in Hot Climates: A Case Study in Saudi Arabia

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elshurafa ◽  
Aldubyan
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Temperature Effects ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
State Of Charge ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Battery System ◽  
Charge Effects ◽  
The Ideal

In this paper, we quantify the economic and environmental implications of operating a standalone photovoltaic-battery system (PVB) while varying the battery’s minimum allowable state of charge (MSOC), the load profile, and simultaneously incorporating ambient temperature effects in hot climates. To that end, Saudi Arabia has been chosen for this case study. Over a project lifetime of 25 years, we find that, contrary to the widely accepted norm of 50% being a reasonable MSOC, a lower MSOC can bestow economic benefits. For example, a MSOC of 20% results in a lower number of batteries required throughout the lifetime of the project—while still meeting demand. For a village of 1000 homes, this translates to a saving of $47 million in net present value. Further, incorporating temperature effects results in deducing more realistic costs that are 125% higher than the ideal scenario (i.e., when temperature is not modeled). This difference stems from underestimating the actual number of batteries needed throughout the project lifetime. Compared to a diesel-powered microgrid, and for a village of 1000 homes, a PVB would, on an annual basis, avoid emitting 5000 tons of carbon and avoid burning 2 million liters of diesel.

A Feasibility Study of the Use of Solar Photovoltaic Energy in Saudi Arabia: A Case Study Assessment in a Factory in Zulfi City

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yosry A. Azzam ◽  
Nagwa Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Discounted Cash Flow ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Levelized Cost Of Electricity

Few studies have been implemented to evaluate whether the renewable energy generation could fit into industrial locations in Saudi Arabia. We completed this feasibility study to investigate whether using photovoltaic (PV) solar arrays to power industrial cities at Saudi Arabia is economically feasible. The case study is a factory in Zulfi city, Riyadh Region. We used National Renewable Energy Laboratory's modeling tool, system advisor model (SAM) to evaluate the economic benefits of using a 150 kW DC PV system to cover 100% of the factory monthly power demand. Over 25 years, the system is estimated to generate about 6,000,000 kWh of electricity whose net savings are $398,000 (1 US$ is equal to about 3.75 Saudi Riyals) represented by a discounted cash flow. The proposed system will save the factory around $304,000 that would have to be paid in electric bills and will eliminate considerable amount of CO2 emissions. Sensitivity analysis has been conducted to determine the effects of underlying parameters on the economic feasibility of the proposed system. Levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) generated and net present value (NPV) are used as indicators of proposed system feasibility. The results indicate that these projects can be profitable under some certain assumptions and can potentially be generalized for all industrial locations in Saudi Arabia.

Economic analysis of a hypothetical bamboo-biochar plant in Zhejiang province, China

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 1220-1225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Fang Liang ◽  
Wanhe Hu ◽  
Xiaomeng Yang ◽  
Hongzhong Xiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Businesses ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Zhejiang Province ◽  
Internal Rate Of Return ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Good Market ◽  
Forestry Industry

Significant quantities of bamboo waste are generated in Zhejiang province, China. Many small businesses in this area convert this waste to biochar for use as a cooking fuel (in residential barbecues). This case study was conducted to evaluate the potential economic benefits of building and operating an industrial-sized plant in this province, yielding 500 tonnes per year. The researchers developed a conceptual design for a hypothetical biochar plant and then calculated net present value (NPV), investment payback period (PBP), internal rate of return (IRR), and sensitivity analysis. Results show that the static investment PBP would be 2.58 years, the IRR would be 38.8%, and the NPV would be US$ 486,700. The IRR would be higher than the forestry industry benchmark (11%), indicating that a production line of bamboo-biochar with the stated yield not only could generate higher profits, but also could achieve a better return on investment. Thus, this study indicates that there are good market prospects for the bamboo-biochar industry in this region. The influence of sales prices on the IRR was more than that of operational costs, indicating that a large-scale plant should be designed to produce a high-quality bamboo-biochar. Supply chain issues such as transportation distances between locations where bamboo wastes are generated and the biochar plant should be considered in advance when siting new bamboo-biochar plants. The results from this research provide guidance to those considering development of bamboo-biochar plants in other parts of China.

Dilemmas of Nature-Based Tourism in Iceland

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn Sorrell ◽  
Alain F. Plante
Keyword(s):  
Housing Market ◽  
General Term ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Ideal

Nature-based tourism is a general term for travel activities in which people interact with land separate from humanity’s daily movements. Despite untouched land being the ideal locale, tourists also desire modern amenities and curated products. There is a tension between what level of development is idealized and desired, as development itself is counter to the founding ideal of nature-based tourism. In recent years, Iceland has experienced a boom in its nature-based tourism industry. The economic benefits are plentiful, but the growth in tourism has come with downsides ranging from increased vandalism and littering, to locals being priced out of the housing market. The rapidity and strength of tourism’s growth in Iceland provides an opportunity to examine the self-destructive cycle inherent in rapidly growing nature-based tourism. This case study aims to navigate the self-destructive cycle of nature-based tourism, understand the origins of Iceland’s nature-based tourism industry, and examine the ways in which this industry could become more sustainable.

Fair value: model proposal for the dairy sector

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas da Silva Oliveira ◽  
Graça Maria do Carmo Azevedo ◽  
Cláudia da Silva Amaral Santos ◽  
Sandra Cristina Santos Vasconcelos
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Fair Value ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Dairy Production ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Breeding Stage ◽  
Market Values ◽  
Valuation Criteria

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is twofold. First, it intends to assess the level of comparability of the fair value-based valuation criteria for biological assets of Portuguese dairy farms after the adoption of the Portuguese Accounting Standardization System. Second, it presents an innovative valuation model to assess the fair value of dairy herds. Design/methodology/approach – The paper conducts a multiple case study at dairy farms in the central region of Portugal which had adopted the new Accounting Standardization System. Data were captured through interviews to assess how dairy farms were using the new valuation criteria required by this recent accounting frame of reference. A proposal for a model to measure fair value is presented. Findings – Main findings indicate that market values for dairy production animals are inconsistent, reducing financial information comparability levels. To solve these problems, the authors propose a new model to assess fair value based on the net present value (NPV) of future cash-flows. This is a possible method to measure bovines that are in a breeding stage and it will assure the comparability of financial statements among dairy farms. Research limitations/implications – The study is confined to one case study and one country, not allowing generalization. Originality/value – Results indicate the need to harmonize one possible method for measuring cattle that are in a breeding stage. In order to overcome these shortcomings, a model was designed to calculate the fair value of dairy production based on the NPV of future economic benefits.

scholarly journals Environmental and Economic Benefits of Recovered Paper: A Case Study of Saudi Arabia

2017 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 3753-3758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar K.M. Ouda ◽  
Mohammad Rehan ◽  
Nader Nader ◽  
Abdul-Sattar Nizami
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Economic Benefits

scholarly journals Economic Feasibility of Agrivoltaic Systems in Food-Energy Nexus Context: Modelling and a Case Study in Niger

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1906
Author(s):  
Srijana Neupane Bhandari ◽  
Sabine Schlüter ◽  
Wilhelm Kuckshinrichs ◽  
Holger Schlör ◽  
Rabani Adamou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Context Modelling

In the literature, many studies outline the advantages of agrivoltaic (APV) systems from different viewpoints: optimized land use, productivity gain in both the energy and water sector, economic benefits, etc. A holistic analysis of an APV system is needed to understand its full advantages. For this purpose, a case study farm size of 0.15 ha has been chosen as a reference farm at a village in Niger, West Africa. Altogether four farming cases are considered. They are traditional rain-fed, irrigated with diesel-powered pumps, irrigated with solar pumps, and the APV system. The APV system is further analyzed under two scenarios: benefits to investors and combined benefits to investors and farmers. An economic feasibility analysis model is developed. Different economic indicators are used to present the results: gross margin, farm profit, benefit-cost ratio, and net present value (NPV). All the economic indicators obtained for the solar-powered irrigation system were positive, whereas all those for the diesel-powered system were negative. Additionally, the diesel system will emit annually about 4005 kg CO2 to irrigate the chosen reference farm. The land equivalent ratio (LER) was obtained at 1.33 and 1.13 for two cases of shading-induced yield loss excluded and included, respectively.

PELAKSANAAN HUKUM KEWARISAN ISLAM DI PENGADILAN AGAMA BANTEN

ALQALAM ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Yusuf Somawinata
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Adopted Children ◽  
Inheritance Law ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The Ideal

This article aims at describing the obseroance of wasiat wajibah (compulsory bequeathment) in the Islamic court of Banten, analyzing the provision of the substitute heir and adopted children in the Compilation of  Islamic Law (KHI). In addition, the ideal laws to manage the innheritance rules in Indonesia. This article is library research by using doctrinal approach and using case study and survey methods. The data was, then, analyzed by using analytical descriptive and analytical correlative methods. The result showed that the observance of wasiat wajibah in the Islamic court of  Banten employed by judges is by using the Mawali Hazairin’s Doctrine. The criteria of the adoption of substitute heir and adopted children in the KHI is the attempts of Ulama and many judgees junst in giving legal justice and certainty to the society.   Key Words: Islamic Inheritance Law, Compilation of Islamic Law, Islamic court of  Banten

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