scholarly journals Household Split, Income, and Migrants’ Life Satisfaction: Social Problems Caused by Rapid Urbanization in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Chen ◽  
Hongsheng Chen ◽  
Jinhua Liu
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Family Care ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Urbanization In China ◽  
Future Policy ◽  
The City

Household split between rural and urban areas has become an important social issue in China’s urbanization process. This study analysed the influence of household split on migrants’ life satisfaction and the differences between inter- and intra-provincial migrants. Using the data of the 2014 China Migrants Dynamic Survey, we found that the life satisfaction of inter-provincial migrants was significantly lower than that of intra-provincial migrants. For inter-provincial migrants, the life satisfaction of those who moved to the city with underaged children was significantly lower than that of those who left their children in their hometown. Moreover, the life satisfaction of migrants who were concerned about childcare in the hometown was significantly lower than that of those who did not worry about it. Chinese migrants face a dilemma: bringing their family members to the city despite the lack of social welfare support or leaving them in the hometown worrying about family care. We also found that family income does not have a significant moderating effect on the decline in life satisfaction owing to concerns about childcare in the hometown. Future policy concerning China’s population should create external conditions for migrants to accomplish family reunion.

scholarly journals Changes in Water Quality of the River das Antas as It Passes through Rural and Urban Areas

Urban Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Valdemir Antoneli ◽  
Manuel Pulido-Fernández ◽  
João Anésio Bednarz ◽  
Leonardo Brandes ◽  
Michael Vrahnakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Feasible Option ◽  
Decreasing Ph ◽  
The City

The catchment area of River das Antas (Irati, Paraná, Brazil) is of high importance both for human consumption and irrigation. Within Irati, this river passes through a rural area and through the city of Irati, crossing both poor and rich neighbourhoods. We selected three study areas downstream (a rural area, poor community, and rich neighbourhood) in which we measured turbidity, the concentration of sediments and pH during rainy days. Our results showed downstream trends of increasing turbidity and concentrations of sediments with decreasing pH. The values of turbidity and of concentration of sediments were significantly different in the rural area, while the pH values were significantly different between the three study areas. These findings highlight the effect of agricultural activities in the generation of sediments and turbidity. The—presumably expected—effects of organic urban waste from the poor neighbourhood were also detected in the pH values. We conclude that efforts should be made to ensure that land planning and training/education programmes on sustainable farming practices are undertaken by the authorities to reduce water pollution and its effects on water bodies during rainfall events, since paving streets is not a feasible option in the short term due to the high costs associated with this measure.

scholarly journals What happens between the roça and the urban periphery? Some questions about movement

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Felipe Rocha Benites
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Small Farms ◽  
Social Spaces ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
The North ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Urban Periphery ◽  
The City

Abstract This article explores the idea of movement through an analysis of the flows between rural and urban areas, more specifically between small farms (roças) and the peripheries of big cities. I turn to my own ethnographic research on rural and riverside communities in the north of Minas Gerais, as well as ethnographies produced on populations in the Cerrado Mineiro, in order to question the primacy of movement in the definitions of the city and to extend the notion through an approach that incorporates the relations between persons and things circulating in both these social spaces.

scholarly journals Smear Positive Tuberculosis Cases in Rajshahi District A Comparison Between Rural and Urban Areas

1970 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-105
Author(s):  
W Wasim Hussain ◽  
M Azizul Haque ◽  
Laila Shamima Sharmin ◽  
ARM Saifuddin Ekram ◽  
M Fazlur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Case Detection Rate ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Rural Settings ◽  
The City

This study was designed to know the case finding of sputum smear positive tuberculosis in Rajshahi district and also to see whether case finding was different in urban and rural settings. Our study reveals that case finding rate of smear positive tuberculosis cases in the city corporation area and rural areas of Rajshahi district are 52% and 28% respectively. Case detection rate of total Rajshahi district was 33%. Stronger efforts are needed to reach the national target of detecting 70% new smear positive TB cases by the end of 2005.   doi: 10.3329/taj.v17i2.3456   TAJ 2004; 17(2): 104-105

Population-level effects of diet, lifestyle, and health environment on obesity and non-communicable diseases in India

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuhu Joshi ◽  
Devesh Roy ◽  
Lora Iannotti ◽  
Aishwarya Nagar ◽  
Avinash Kishore
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Exact Matching ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Linear Probability ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: Obesity is rising in developing countries like India and is associated with an increase in cardiometabolic problems. Rising incomes, rapid urbanization, and mechanization have induced lifestyle changes like consumption of more obesogenic foods and sedentary habits at work and leisure, contributing to a transition from under- to over-nutrition. This study maps the prevalence of adult (15-49 years) overweight and obesity across regions and socioeconomic groups in India, and estimates its association with lifestyle, health environment, dietary patterns, diabetes, and hypertension.Methods: We employ a combination of 3 latest nationally representative datasets with over 700,000 adults. We use a linear probability regression model to identify the correlates of overweight/obesity and their relative magnitudes. We use intra-household regression to identify differences between men and women and coarsened exact matching to causally estimate the impact of obesity on diabetes and hypertension.Results: Overweight/obesity rates have increased across all states, in rural and urban areas, and for all wealth levels. Women are more likely to be overweight/obese than men, even in the same household. Improved health environment (toilets, piped water, clean cooking fuel), urban jobs, television watching, and processed snacks increase the risk of overweight/obesity. Adults who are overweight/obese have a 5.6% higher risk of diabetes and a 9.7% higher risk of hypertension.Conclusions: Our results underscore the need for policy intervention to reduce the burden of obesity and NCD’s in India.

The Role of Provide Survice Small Town in Rural–Urban Linkages for Sustainable Development: A case of rural-urban linkage of Malda district, West Bengal, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anik Saha
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Institutional Constraints ◽  
Service Development ◽  
Trade Policies ◽  
Trade Networks ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The City

Rural–urban linkages play a fundamental role in the generation of service, development, health treatment and wealth. Yet, for various reasons the importance of such linkages is not recognized and thus unnoticed in rural economic and trade policies. The present paper investigates infrastructure problem, institutional constraints and dependency rural area on near rural service trade barriers that tend to discourage linkages between rural and urban areas and thus prevent a process of rural empowerment and economic development. The findings of our review indicate that clustering rural and urban areas into regional planning units may create the necessary enabling environment for extensive trade networks and knowledge switch over between the city and the neighbor rural-side. As such, stronger rural–urban linkages could also play a crucial role in fulfill rural areas demand in developing countries.

scholarly journals The relationship between dental caries and carbohydrates intake among preschool-aged children in rural and urban areas

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rina Putri Noer Fadilah ◽  
Azkya Patria Nawawi ◽  
Andi Supriatna ◽  
Sri Sarwendah ◽  
Ratih Widyasari
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Rural And Urban Area ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
Preschool Aged Children

Introduction: The prevalence of dental caries among children has increased in the past decades. Dental caries has a multifactorial aetiology, including host (saliva and teeth), microbiology (plaque), substrate (diet), and time. The role of fermentable carbohydrates intake as a risk factor in the initiation and progression of dental caries. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between dental caries and carbohydrates intake among preschool-aged children in rural and urban areas of the city of Cimahi, Indonesia. Methods: The method used was an analytical cross-sectional study with pathfinder survey based on the WHO basic methods of oral health surveys. The data were collected through intraoral examination, and nutritional status measurement was done by using food frequency questionnaire. Statistical analysis used was the chi-square test. Results: From the study towards 100 preschool children resulted the prevalence of dental caries in rural and urban area respectively was 96 and 92%. The average value of deft index in urban area was 8.46 (95% CI:7.00-9.91) and was 7.98 (95% CI:6.50-9.45) in rural area. The average value of sucrose intake frequency in urban area was 237.14 (95% CI:204.95-269.32), whilst in rural area was 177.54 (95% CI:155.66-199.41). Conclusion: There was a relationship between dental caries and carbohydrates intake among preschool-aged children in the rural and urban area of the city of Cimahi, Indonesia.

scholarly journals Telecoupled Sustainable Livelihoods in an Era of Rural–Urban Dynamics: The Case of China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2716
Author(s):  
Wenjia Peng ◽  
Brian E. Robinson ◽  
Hua Zheng ◽  
Cong Li ◽  
Fengchun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Livelihood Strategies ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood ◽  
Urban Dynamics ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Rural Livelihood ◽  
Future Policy

Recently, increasingly sophisticated studies have investigated the relationship between agrarian livelihoods and the environment, as well as rural–urban interactions in developing countries. The policies developed to respond to these dynamics can constrain livelihood options or provide additional opportunities. In the present study, using a modified version of the telecoupled sustainable livelihood framework to generalize dynamic livelihood strategies in the context of rural–urban transformation and by focusing on recent research in China, we review important factors that shape rural livelihood strategies as well as the types of strategies that typically intersect with livelihood and environmental dynamics. We then examine telecoupled rural–urban linkages given that the dynamics of the livelihood strategies of farmers can cause flows of labor, capital, ecosystem services, and other processes between rural and urban areas, thereby placing livelihood strategies in a dynamic context, which has not been considered widely in previous research. We show that most previous studies focused on the reduction of environmental impacts via livelihood diversification and rural–urban migration. We propose several areas for future policy development and research.

scholarly journals KOMODITI PANGAN (PADI, JAGUNG DAN KEDELAI) UNGGULAN DAERAH KOTA DI PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 537
Author(s):  
Syahrial Syahrial ◽  
Welly Herman
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Government Programs ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Food Needs ◽  
Food Commodities ◽  
The City

Food is a necessity for all residents in both rural and urban areas so that food availability must be guaranteed to meet the needs of all residents. Several government programs have been carried out to achieve food self-sufficiency, especially rice, corn and soybeans. This study aims to (1) identify the leading food commodities in the city in West Sumatra Province. (2) analyzing the specialization and localization of superior food commodities in the city in West Sumatra Province. (3) identifying priority food commodities that can be developed in urban areas in West Sumatra Province. This research was conducted in (7) seven urban areas in West Sumatra Province. This study uses secondary data which includes production, price and production value. The results of the analysis showed that (1) only rice commodities became the main commodity in all urban areas, (2) pajale commodities spread in several districts in all urban areas, (3) and only rice commodities became priority commodities in several urban areas. So that the development of food commodities in urban areas in West Sumatra Province can be prioritized on rice commodities to meet the food needs of its population.

Thinking of Village Construction in Central Region under the Context of Labor Migration

2014 ◽  
Vol 507 ◽  
pp. 666-674
Author(s):  
Pan Yi ◽  
Li Xin ◽  
Sheng Yu Guo
Keyword(s):  
Central Region ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Labor Migration ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Floating Population ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Rural And Urban

China’s 30 years’ rapid urbanization process is not a usual one but a particular process promoted in the dual social-economic structure like household registration policy and land system, According to the sixth census, China's floating population has reached 261 million, that is, among every three Chinese city's residents, there is one person belonging to the “Migrant-urbanization” group made up of migrant peasant workers. Large number of rural labor migration, on the one hand, it causes false components in the process of urbanization, on the other hand, it brings a lot of problems to village construction of the central region which is considered as population exporter. It also somehow gradually formed the result of the "amphibious" population who was not engaged in agricultural production, localization tendency of rural industries, sidelined agriculture, and the disordered development of towns and villages. This paper is based on the background that regional labor movement from backward areas to developed coastal areas.Furthermore, this paper analyzes both the positive effects and the negative impact of labor migration which brought about to the construction of the central region village in China. Finally, this paper proposed three strategies about construction of the central region village in China with the aim to contribute to the much better sustainable development of rural villages and improve the co-development of both the rural and urban areas, first, how to arrange the surplus rural laborers; how to make rural land use more economically and intensively; and how to balance the development of urban and rural areas.

scholarly journals SOCIAL COMMUNICATION OF FARMERS IN ESTABLISHING FOOD SECURITY RECOVERY

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-38
Author(s):  
Rully Khairul Anwar ◽  
Edwin Rizal ◽  
Elnovani Lusiana
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Social Communication ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Communication Model ◽  
Open Communication ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The City

This study aimed to gain an overview of farmers' community in rural areas about a social communication model among them who have cultivated farmland from generation to generation. The qualitative and descriptive study in a village in Garut found that there were patterns of traditional communication maintained by the majority of farmers as well as open communication patterns with absorbs the modernization of development. With social communication pattern, it is clear that there are efforts to strengthen the resilience of rural communities which are sufficient dynamic to reduce the imbalance between rural and urban areas, reduce the level of dependence of the city, increase the income of farmers, and empowerment of farmers and poor communities in rural areas.

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