scholarly journals Treatment of Low Biodegradability Leachates in a Serial System of Aged Refuse-Filled Bioreactors

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo A. Nájera-Aguilar ◽  
Rubén F. Gutiérrez-Hernández ◽  
Jesús Bautista-Ramírez ◽  
Rebeca I. Martínez-Salinas ◽  
Daisy Escobar-Castillejos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Load ◽  
Filling Material ◽  
Leachate Treatment ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
Aged Refuse ◽  
In Series ◽  
Bioreactor System ◽  
Bacterial Characterization ◽  
Ph Variations ◽  
Maximum Removal

This paper presents a technology based on the use of aged refuse that has proven to be highly effective in the treatment of low biodegradability leachates. The tests were developed using two filled bioreactors arranged in series and operated at steady state. The aged refuse used as filling material was extracted from a city located in the southeast of Mexico and characterized by particle size, humidity, volatile solids, and volumetric weight. On the other hand, bacterial characterization made it possible to identify the presence of species related to the degradation and mineralization of organic compounds, as well as to processes of nitrification or reduction of phosphates and Cr (VI). The bioreactor system was operated under four hydraulic loads (10, 20, 35, and 50 L/m3·d). Maximum removal efficiencies of 85, 86.1, 87.9, 98.6, 97.8, and 97.4% were achieved in COD, BOD5, Color, TP, TN, and N-NH3, respectively, complying with Mexican regulations (NOM-001-SEMARNAT-1996). The system also proved to be stable against shock loads, such as organic load fluctuations in the influent or pH variations. The results of this study show that, in countries such as Mexico, aged refuse extracted from landfills represents a promising option as a sustainable alternative for leachate treatment.

Comparison of Aerobic and Anoxic-Aerobic Digestion of Waste Activated Sludge

1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 1475-1478 ◽  
Author(s):  
A P. C. Warner ◽  
G. A. Ekama ◽  
G v. R. Marais
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Waste Activated Sludge ◽  
Activated Sludge Process ◽  
Cycle Times ◽  
Waste Sludge ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
In Series ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Theoretical Simulations

The laboratory scale experimental investigation comprised a 6 day sludge age activated sludge process, the waste sludge of which was fed to a number of digesters operated as follows: single reactor flow through digesters at 4 or 6 days sludge age, under aerobic and anoxic-aerobic conditions (with 1,5 and 4 h cycle times) and 3-in-series flow through aerobic digesters each at 4 days sludge age; all digesters were fed draw-and-fill wise once per day. The general kinetic model for the aerobic activated sludge process set out by Dold et al., (1980) and extended to the anoxic-aerobic process by van Haandel et al., (1981) simulated accurately all the experimental data (Figs 1 to 4) without the need for adjusting the kinetic constants. Both theoretical simulations and experimental data indicate that (i) the rate of volatile solids destruction is not affected by the incorporation of anoxic cycles and (ii) the specific denitrification rate is independent of sludge age and is K4T = 0,046(l,029)(T-20) mgNO3-N/(mg active VSS. d) i.e. about 2/3 of that in the secondary anoxic of the single sludge activated sludge stystem. An important consequence of (i) and (ii) above is that denitrification can be integrated easily in the steady state digester model of Marais and Ekama (1976) and used for design (Warner et al., 1983).

scholarly journals Penyisihan Limbah Organik Air Lindi TPA Jatibarang Menggunakan Koagulasi-Flokulasi Kimia

Teknik ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arya Rezagama ◽  
Mochtar Hadiwidodo ◽  
Purwono Purwono ◽  
Nurul Fajri Ramadhani ◽  
Mia Yustika
Keyword(s):  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Leachate Treatment ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Value Changes ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Age Process

Air lindi yang meresap ke dalam tanah yang berpotensi bercampur dengan air tanah sehingga menimbulkan pencemaran tanah, air tanah dan air permukaan. Komposisi limbah lindi dari berbagai TPA berbeda-beda bergantung pada musim, jenis limbah, umur TPA. Proses dalam TPA menghasilkan molekul organik recalcitrant yang ditunjukkan dengan rendahnya rasio BOD/COD dan tingginya nilai NH3-N. Belum optimalnya pengolahan air lindi di Jatibarang membutuhkan pretreatment sebagai bentuk upaya alternatif dalam proses pengolahan air lindi sebelum masuk ke dalam proses aerated lagun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pengaruh koagulan kimia pada penyisihan bahan organik air lindi TPA Jatibarang. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan April- Agustus 2016. Karaktersitik air lindi TPA Jatibarang termasuk dalam kategori "moderately stable" dan lindi muda. Penyisihan bahan organik dengan menggunakan kuagulan kimia FeCl3 dan Al2SO4 menunjukkan nilai yang cukup signifikan untuk parameter COD, BOD, TSS. Penggunaan dosis optimal terjadi pada 16 g/L FeCl3 serta 16 g/L Al2SO4 dapat menurunkan nilai COD sebesar 51% dan 65%, BOD sebesar 50% dan 56%, dan TSS sebesar 24% dan 21%. Perubahan nilai pH akibat penambahan koagulan berpengaruh positif terhadap tingkat penyisihan, namun memberikan dampak negatif yaitu buih yang cukup banyak. Penurunan beban organik menguntungkan bagi sistem pengolahan lindi eksisting TPA Jatibarang. [Title: Removal of Lindi Water Organic Waste of TPA Jatibarang using Chemical Coagulation- Floculation] Leachate grounding into the soil that potentially could mix with the groundwater caused contamination of soil, groundwater and surface water. The composition of waste landfill leachate from the various location is depending on the season, the type of waste, and landfill age. Process in the TPA produces recalcitrant organic molecules as indicated by the low ratio of BOD/COD and NH3-N high value. The ineffective treatment of leachate at Jatibarang require a pretreatment as a form of alternative effort in the processing of leachate prior to entry into the aerated lagoon process. This study aims to analyze the influence of chemical coagulants on grounding organic material Jatibarang landfill leachate. The study was conducted in April-August 2016. Jatibarang landfill leachate characteristics were categorized as "moderately stable" and young leachate. Allowance for organic materials using chemical coagulants of FeCl3 and Al2SO4 showed significant values for the parameters of COD, BOD, and TSS. The use of optimal dose occurs at 16 g/L FeCl3 and 16 g/L Al2SO4 which can reduce the COD value by 51% and 65%, BOD by 50% and 56%, and TSS at 24% and 21%. PH value changes due to the addition of coagulant positive effect on the level of the allowance, but a negative effect that is quite a lot of froth. The decline in organic load favorable for existing landfill leachate treatment systems Jatibarang. 

Biological treatment characteristics of benzene and toluene in a biofilter packed with cylindrical activated carbon

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.-W. Li ◽  
H.-Y. Hu ◽  
J.-M. Hao ◽  
H.-Q. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Filler Materials ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Bacillus Spore ◽  
Maximum Removal

The biodegradation of toluene and benzene in a biofilter using cylindrical activated carbon as the filler materials was studied. Three gas flow rates, i.e. 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75 m3/h, corresponding to empty bed gas residence of 75, 37.5 and 25 s, respectively, and total organic load lower than 400 g/m3.h were tested. The biofilter proved to be highly efficient in biodegradation of toluene and benzene, and toluene was more easily degraded than benzene. When each inlet load was lower than 150 g/m3.h, removal rate increased with inlet load and reached a maximum, which was 150 and 120 g/m−3.h for toluene and benzene, respectively. For inlet load higher than the maximum removal capacity conditions, the removal rate decreased with inlet load. Carbon dioxide concentration profile through the biofilter revealed that the mass ratios of carbon dioxide produced to the toluene and benzene removed were 2.15 g(CO2)/g(toluene) and 1.67 g(CO2)/g(benzene), which furthermore, confirmed the biodegradation performance in biofilter. The observation of biotic community demonstrated that the microbes consisted of bacillus, spore bacillus and fungi, of which the spore bacillus was dominant.

Effects of mixed liquor pH on membrane fouling and micro-pollutant removals in membrane bioreactors for municipal landfill leachate treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 770-778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samunya Sanguanpak ◽  
Chart Chiemchaisri ◽  
Wilai Chiemchaisri ◽  
Kazuo Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Membrane Bioreactors ◽  
Leachate Treatment ◽  
Mixed Liquor ◽  
Municipal Landfill ◽  
Inorganic Substances ◽  
Ph Level ◽  
Ph Variations

This research investigated the membrane fouling and micro-pollutant removals in treatment of municipal landfill leachate at various pH levels (i.e. 5.5, 6.5, 7.5, and 8.5) using membrane bioreactors. The findings revealed that membrane fouling was influenced by the pH level of mixed liquor, with pH 5.5 exhibiting the most severe membrane fouling. At pH 5.5, proteins and carbohydrates were predominant in the membrane foulants, while at pH 8.5 humic-like and inorganic substances constituted the largest proportion of the foulants on the membrane surface. The removal efficiencies of micro-pollutants (bisphenol-A; 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylbutylphenol) were nevertheless insignificantly influenced by the pH levels of mixed liquor. In addition, the removal rates of the compounds at pH 5.5 were slightly lower vis-à-vis at the higher pH levels. The micro-pollutant retention on the fouled membranes was also significant and highest under the mixed liquor pH of 8.5. Furthermore, the experiments demonstrated that the varying degrees of rejection by the fouled membranes could be attributed to the alteration of foulant characteristics as a result of the pH variations.

scholarly journals Performance of Modified Anaerobic Hybrid Baffled (MAHB) bioreactor treating recycled paper mill effluent: Effects of organic loading rates

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Siti Roshayu Hassan ◽  
Irvan Dahlan
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Recycled Paper ◽  
Paper Mill Effluent ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Bioreactor System ◽  
Maximum Removal

The performance of modified anaerobic hybrid baffled (MAHB) bioreactor treating recycled paper mill effluent (RPME) was investigated at various organic loading rates (OLR) of 1, 2, 3 and 4 g COD/ L.day. The bioreactor was operated continuously at constant hydraulic retention time (HRT) of a day without effluent recycled and chemicals adjustment/addition. Throughout 70 days of operation, a maximum removal efficiency up to 97% of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and 98% of volatile fatty acid, biogas production of 12.51 L/day equivalent to methane (CH4) yield of 0.108L CH4/ g COD and a stable pH system between 6.6 to 7.2 were achieved. Additionally, alkalinity of the bioreactor system shows a stable profile that indicates the whole system was well buffered with a quit high degradation of volatile solid (VS) up to 18%. These results indicated that MAHB bioreactor has been successfully treated RPME at various OLR.

Experimental Research of Biogas Yield and Quality Produced from Chicken Manure

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitalij Kolodynskij ◽  
Pranas Baltrėnas
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Small Farms ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Volatile Solids

Biogas is a fuel, which can be produced from a renewable energy source – biomass. Such a gas can be freely used in small farms or food industry to produce heat or electricity. Two main components of biogas – metahne CH4 and carbon dioxide CO2. In some case, if biomass has a big amount of proteins, there can be an aggressive to different constructions gas – hydrogen sulphide H2S in biogas composition. Also, there can be other gases, such as ammonia or hydrogen, but their concentrations are very low. Nowadays it’s extremely important to find a biomass with high energy potential not only to produce “green” energy, but to save the environment from gaseous emissions (greenhouse gases) and soil pollution. The aim of this study – to examine biogas yield and quality, which was produced from chicken manure biomass. To implement research, a small-sized bioreactor of periodic operation (total volume – 30 l, operating volume – 20 l) was used. One of the important parameters of biomass is total quality of volatile solids (VS) and quantity of organic matter in one liter of biomass (organic load – VS/l). In this research, there were examined two chicken manure biomasses with different VS and VS/l. The first one reached relatively 3188 g and 160 g/l. The second’s biomass volatile solids quantity reached 1993 g and organic load was 100 g/l. Both biomasses were of the same type and organic matter (chicken manure with 39.85 % concentration of organic matter). During the experimental research, the temperature of anaerobic digestion was mesophilic (35–37 oC). The operation of bioreactor was periodic, this means, that the biomass was held in anaerobic condition till the complete degasation without any partial refill. The total experiment duration reached 66 days. It was found, that the maximum CH4 concentration reached 72.2% (biomass with organic load 100 g/l). To compare biogas yield from biomasses with different organic loading, it must be recalculated to an amount of biogas produced per day from 1 kg of volatile solids (l/d/kg VS). By implementing gained data analysis, it was discovered, that the maximum biogas yield is 7.8 l/d/kg VS (biomass with organic load 100 g/l). According to this research, it will be possible to create and use a small-sized bioreactor with chicken manure biomass in small farms to reduce pollution and generate energy.

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