scholarly journals Estimation of Water Footprint for Major Agricultural and Livestock Products in Korea

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ik Kim ◽  
Kyung-shin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Water Demand ◽  
Water Footprint ◽  
The Self ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Severe Water Stress ◽  
Average Water ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Livestock Products

The Republic of Korea is the only country classified with severe water stress among the 34 Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) member countries. Additionally, the self-sufficiency rate of grain in Korea is 27%, which is 1/3 the average of OECD member countries. Because food cannot be produced without water, demand-driven water management of agricultural and livestock products applying water footprints is needed for food security. For this, this study estimates the water footprints of 42 agricultural products and three livestock products. Based on the results, the water footprint of the vegetables grown in facility such as a greenhouse is 7.9 times larger per ton than the footprint of the vegetables cultivated in the open field. Furthermore, the water footprint per ton of beef is about 4.2 times the average water footprint per ton of vegetables grown in facility. Based on the water footprint data of 45 agricultural and livestock products, the footprint of total agricultural and livestock products in 2014 is approximately 27.9% of the total domestic water resources consumed in Korea.

scholarly journals The agricultural water footprint and assessment of virtual water trade. Does Serbia import or export water?

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-194
Author(s):  
Ruzica Stricevic ◽  
Zorica Srdjevic ◽  
Nevenka Djurovic ◽  
Bojan Srdjevic
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Water Footprint ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Virtual Water ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Virtual Water Trade ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
The Republic

Limited water resources, an increase in water demand and a changing climate triggered the development of new concepts for assessment of water demand and water consumption locally and globally. The newest concepts that successfully tackle this issue are water footprint and virtual water trade. Aims of this study are: (1) to define specific water demand for the most important agricultural products in the international trade of the Republic of Serbia, (2) to assess possibilities of an increase in water productivity for those products, and (3) to assess sustainability of water resources in Serbia, based on the ratio of import/export during virtual water trade. Specific water demand for wheat, maize, sunflower, sugar beet and soya bean has been calculated and compared with specific water demand in other countries. Results prove that water productivity can be improved by, for example, using other varieties of crops or modifying cultivation technology. The ratio of imported/exported virtual water quantities for the periods 1995-1999 and 2010- 2013 in Serbia shows that more water was exported than imported. Sustainability of water resources in Serbia will not be endangered even if the export of agricultural products is increased.

Analysis of agricultural development of the Republic of Buryatia

2020 ◽  
pp. 64-73
Author(s):  
Sesegma Zhargalova ◽  
Maria Bazarova ◽  
Alla Gomboeva
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Production Resources

The article considers the place of agriculture in the economy, the structure of agricultural products in general and by category of farms in the Russian Federation and in the Republic of Buryatia. The dynamics of physical volumes of agricultural products is presented, availability and efficiency of use of production resources are analyzed, the level of self-sufficiency of the Republic of Buryatia in the main types of agricultural products is studied.

Estimation of the water footprint of sugarcane in Mexico: is ethanol production an environmentally feasible fuel option?

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Eugenia Haro ◽  
Ines Navarro ◽  
Ralph Thompson ◽  
Blanca Jimenez
Keyword(s):  
Water Demand ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Water Footprint ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Average Water ◽  
Projected Changes ◽  
The Impact

Energy policies are taken throughout the world to reduce fossil fuel emissions from transportation sources. Agriculturally based biofuels are currently the only alternatives to liquid fossil fuels. However, as biofuel production spreads, so too do its cascading impacts on environment and food security. This paper analyzes the impact of Mexican ethanol-sugarcane policy on water resources. The water footprint of sugarcane (WFsc) was quantified for an agricultural region in Jalisco, Mexico, and used to estimate anthropologic water demand and stress index. This analysis was performed using historical climate data, and for projected changes under scenarios A2 and B1, using ECHAM and GFDL models. The average historical water footprint of sugarcane was estimated as 104.9 m3/ton, total average water demand as 152.3 Mm3/year and a historical water scarcity index as 59%. Under climate change, the footprint might increase 2% by 2020 and 3–4% by 2050. The available water is predicted to fall 4–7% by 2020, and 6–8% by 2050, with negative effects on water stress. Due to the strong influence of local factors on water footprint and stress, additional research is needed for all Mexican sugarcane regions, in order to evaluate the feasibility of the policy regarding the use of ethanol for transportation.

Lauksaimniecības produktu pašnodrošinājums Latvijā

2021 ◽  
pp. 206-214
Author(s):  
Aija Eglīte ◽  
Marija Dūduma ◽  
Sandra Lejniece
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Support Service ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
The Self ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
World Food ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Agricultural Industry ◽  
Self Sufficiency

Agriculture plays a major role in ensuring the existence of humanity. Today, the agricultural industry is playing an increasingly important role as farmers not only supply food to the world's population but also provide some people with jobs, particularly in rural areas, and protect and develop the rural landscape, without which we cannot imagine our world. Food production is one of the most important prerequisites for agriculture, yet the problem is whether the agricultural output in Latvia is able to meet the demand for food by the country's population in relation to the main food groups. The research aims to examine the self-sufficiency of agricultural products in Latvia. The research is based on annual agricultural reports and statistics for the period of 2011-2018 provided by the Rural Support Service. The key research results reveal that the output significantly exceeds consumption for some food groups, yet there are some agricultural products that highly depend on import.

scholarly journals The water footprint of Milan

2013 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 789-795 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Vanham ◽  
G. Bidoglio
Keyword(s):  
Water Footprint ◽  
Virtual Water ◽  
Vegetarian Diet ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Healthy Diet ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
Sustainable City ◽  
Animal Fats ◽  
Meat Animal

This study quantifies the water footprint of consumption (WFcons) and production (WFprod) of Milan. The current WFcons amounts to 6,139 l/cap/d (a volume of 2.93 km3 annually), of which 52 l/cap/d (1%) is attributed to domestic water, 448 l/cap/d (7%) to the consumption of industrial products and 5,639 l/cap/d (92%) to the consumption of agricultural products. The WFprod is 52 l/cap/d. Milan is thus a net virtual water importer, predominately through the import of agricultural products. These are produced outside city borders, both in Italy and abroad. This shows the dependency of city dwellers on water resources from other river basins. In addition, the WFcons for a healthy diet (based on Mediterranean Food-Based Dietary Guidelines) and a vegetarian diet are analysed. The current Milanese diet consists of too much sugar, crop oils, meat, animal fats, milk and milk products and not enough cereals, rice, potatoes, vegetables and fruit. The latter two diets result in substantial WFcons reductions: −29% (to 4,339 l/cap/d) for a healthy diet and −41% (to 3,631 l/cap/d) for a vegetarian diet. Indeed, a lot of water could be saved by Milan citizens through a change in their diet. A sustainable city should account for its impacts beyond its borders.

KARAKTERISTIK POLA PEMAKAIAN DAN PELAYANAN AIR BERSIH DI WILAYAH USAHA PAM PT. TIRTAARTHA BUANAMULIA

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
I B. Suryadmaja ◽  
I N. Norken ◽  
I G.B. Sila Dharma
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Water Usage ◽  
Educational Facilities ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
Water Requirements ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Average Water

Abstract : The purpose of this study is to determine how the pattern of usage, behavior and water services in the areas of business of  PAM PT.Tirtaartha Buanamulia (PT.TB) using qualitative descriptive methods such as survey research instrument (observation) and questionnaires of 337 samples, consisting of domestic water consumption and non- domestic . The result of the analysis showed that the average water consumption in some parts of sub-district of Kuta (Kedonganan village, Tuban village and Kuta village), the business area of PAM PT. TB, amounts to 243.49 liters /person /day. Average water use in the District of South Kuta (Pecatu village, Ungasan village, Kutuh village, Benoa vilage, Tanjung Benoa village and Jimbaran village) amounts 168.01 liters/person/day. Calculation of water demand for star hotels based on the results of the study on average is 726.84 liters /room/ day and non-star hotels 43.85 liters/room/day, the need of water for the restaurant and the restaurant is based on the research of 18.85 liters/seat/day, water usage for educational facilities based on the results of the study amounted to 9.99 liters/person/day, the water requirements for health facilities based on the research needs 562.13 liters /bed/day. The amount of non- domestic water needs based on research results which was 72.69 % of the domestic water needs, is the basis for the provision of water by PAM PT. TB at this time and in the future. The analysis of the results showed that the community of water users in the area of business PAM PAM PT. TB had a good perception of the PAM service; this is evidenced by the level of customer satisfaction to achieve 73.07 % PAM services for domestic and non- domestic 100 %. This study also showed the willingness of subscribers received 10 % increase in the tariff.

scholarly journals Daya saing produk unggulan sektor pertanian Indonesia dalam hubungannya dengan pertumbuhan Ekonomi

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-86
Author(s):  
Parmadi Parmadi ◽  
Emilia Emilia ◽  
Zulgani Zulgani
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Rice Oil

This study aims to identify and analyze the competitiveness of Indonesian products in the agricultural sector, especially rice, oil palm, vegetables, fruits and livestock products, also the relation between economic growth and some commonly used competitiveness indicators. The approach used is RCA (Revealed Comparative Advantage), RSCA (Revealed Symetrics Comparative Advantage), Self Sufficiency Ratio (SSR), Import Dependency Ratio (IDR). The results of the study are as follows: The export performance of Indonesian agricultural products in general relatively weak. Almost all agricultural commodities have low competitiveness, except for plantation sub-sector products, especially rubber and palm oil which have high competitiveness, the remaining products such as horticulture, food crops, livestock products, and competitiveness of horticulture relatively low in the international commodity market. In this study, also found in general, the relation between the rate of economic growth and some magnitudes of international trade performance does not show a significant relationship for food crops, horticulture, plantations, and livestock products. Indonesia is approaching the stage of self-sufficiency, especially for food crops, but for other agricultural sector commodities, it is still very dependent on imports to meet domestic consumption needs.

scholarly journals Ensuring food security of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the context of COVID-2019

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
G. Zh. Azretbergenova ◽  
◽  
A. O. Syzdykova ◽  
B. Biymendeev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Food Policy ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Access To Food

The goal is to consider the issues of ensuring food security of the Republic of Kazakhstan and ways of solution. Food policy is the basis of national security and an important direction for the development of agricultural sector of the economy, the essence of which is to increase the level of economic growth, which makes it possible to maximally satisfy the urgent needs of the population and have sufficient public reserves, active payments and trade balances. Objectives – to show the need to increase the competitive advantages of food products on domestic market, as well as to create a domestic brand of goods. Results – The profound impact of COVID-2019 on food systems has been analyzed, which for a variety of reasons has threatened people's access to food worldwide. It was revealed that in the conditions of the Eurasian Economic Union, the development of interstate integration, implementation of a single food issue and measures to ensure food security, important aspect is maintaining the balance of interests of the common market for agricultural products and protecting the sovereignty of the EAEU member States. The article analyzes production of the main types of agricultural products in Kazakhstan (1990-2020), the level of self-sufficiency in the country in meat, milk, eggs, potatoes, vegetables and melons, etc. The dynamics of changes in livestock population, as well as the growth of production of meat in the republic and the world, food consumption per capita is presented. The authors provide data in terms of comparison of agricultural output in the EAEU countries. The volumes of export of Kazakhstani grain and flour are indicated. In the final part of the article, perspective directions of ensuring food stability in the Republic of Kazakhstan are considered. Conclusions – to ensure the country's food independence, it is necessary to pursue a policy of import substitution, use preferential micro-lending, and develop foreign trade activities from narrowly oriented exports to diversification of goods.

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