scholarly journals Toward Sustainable Development? A Bibliometric Analysis of PPP-Related Policies in China between 1980 and 2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Chen ◽  
Dan Li ◽  
Caixia Man
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Public Infrastructure ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
The Public ◽  
Development Policies

This article aims to fill the void in the literature regarding the sustainable development of public–private partnerships (PPPs) by answering the following research questions: (1) Between 1980 and 2017, what were the PPP-related policy priorities in the three different historical phases of the Chinese national agenda that we have identified herein? (2) Have the PPP-related policies shown a pattern of moving toward sustainable development, and if so, to what extent? Against a criteria framework of evaluating how PPP-related policies could contribute to sustainable development, this article conducted a quantitative bibliometric analysis of 299 PPP-related policy documents issued by the Chinese central government between 1980 and 2017. By visualizing the networks of policy keywords and policy-issuing departments, this article identified the PPP-related policy priorities in the following three distinct historical phases: Phase I (1980–1997), the encouragement of foreign investment in the public infrastructure; Phase II (1998–2008), the encouragement of the marketization of the urban public utilities; and Phase III (2009–2017), the intensive institutionalization and extensive application of PPPs for solving the local debt problem. Corresponding to the abovementioned policy priorities, this article found that the pattern of PPP-related policies has shifted from the total absence of sustainable development policies in Phase I, to a few sustainable development policy attempts in Phase II, and finally, to a tendency toward policies favoring sustainable development in Phase III.

scholarly journals Complex Modernization of Public Infrastructure and Hospitality as a Factor in the Sustainable Development of the City in Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
Maryna Melnykova ◽  
Yеlyzaveta Gradoboіeva ◽  
Tetiana Mirzodaieva ◽  
Nadiia Ragulina
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Public Infrastructure ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
The Public ◽  
The City

The sustainable development of the city involves the solving of economic, environmental and social problems through the modernization of various spheres of the urban economy. The modernization of related and interrelated spheres of the city’s economy should be based on an integrated approach. The hospitality and public infrastructure are such spheres. Their relationship is due to both technical and technological features and the possibilities of achieving the goals of sustainable development of the city (the hospitality sector contributes to the growth of openness of the city and the life support and environmental sustainability of the city directly depends on the state and development of public infrastructure). The priorities of the modernization of public infrastructure and hospitality for sustainable development of the city have been determined. The condition of the public infrastructure and hospitality in cities of Ukraine was analyzed from the point of view of modernization for sustainable development. The experience of modernization of public infrastructure and hospitality in sustainable European cities (including improving energy efficiency, strengthening environmental safety, creating a barrier-free environment) has been studied. The technical, technological, financial and institutional features that determine the feasibility of modernizing the public infrastructure and hospitality based on the principles of an integrated approach have been determined. The recommendations of the mechanism of public-private partnership using in the implementation of projects for the modernization of public utilities infrastructure and hospitality of the city have been developed. The decision-making tools for managing resources have been proposed for the justification and implementation of a project to modernize public infrastructure and hospitality based on a comprehensive approach.  Key Words: city, sustainable development, public infrastructure, hospitality, modernization, integrated approach.

Bewegungstherapie und körperliche Aktivität bei Patienten mit Herzinsuffizienz

Praxis ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 107 (17-18) ◽  
pp. 951-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Wilhelm
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Körperliche Aktivität ◽  
Phase Iii

Zusammenfassung. Herzinsuffizienz ist ein klinisches Syndrom mit unterschiedlichen Ätiologien und Phänotypen. Die überwachte Bewegungstherapie und individuelle körperliche Aktivität ist bei allen Formen eine Klasse-IA-Empfehlung in aktuellen Leitlinien. Eine Bewegungstherapie kann unmittelbar nach Stabilisierung einer akuten Herzinsuffizienz im Spital begonnen werden (Phase I). Sie kann nach Entlassung in einem stationären oder ambulanten Präventions- und Rehabilitationsprogramm fortgesetzt werden (Phase II). Typische Elemente sind Ausdauer-, Kraft- und Atemtraining. Die Kosten werden von der Krankenversicherung für drei bis sechs Monate übernommen. In erfahrenen Zentren können auch Patienten mit implantierten Defibrillatoren oder linksventrikulären Unterstützungssystemen trainieren. Wichtiges Ziel der Phase II ist neben muskulärer Rekonditionierung auch die Steigerung der Gesundheitskompetenz, um die Langzeit-Adhärenz bezüglich körperlicher Aktivität zu verbessern. In Phase III bieten Herzgruppen Unterstützung.

scholarly journals AB0332 IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AND IMMONOMODULATING AGENTS IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF CLINICAL TRIALS AND THEIR CURRENT DEVELOPMENT STAGE

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1464.1-1465
Author(s):  
J. Blaess ◽  
J. Walther ◽  
J. E. Gottenberg ◽  
J. Sibilia ◽  
L. Arnaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Clinical Development ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Jak Inhibitors ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Immunomodulating Drugs

Background:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most frequent chronic inflammatory diseases with an incidence of 0.5% to 1%. Therapeutic arsenal of RA has continuously expanded in recent years with the recent therapeutic progress with the arrival of conventional synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (csDMARDs), biological (bDMARDs) and targeted synthetic (tsDMARDs), JAK inhibitors. However, there are still some unmet needs for patients who do not achieve remission and who continue to worsen despite treatments. Of note, only approximately 40% of patients are ACR70 responders, in most randomized controlled trials. For these patients, finding new therapeutic avenues is challenging.Objectives:The objective of our study was to analyze the whole pipeline of immunosuppressive and immunomodulating drugs evaluated in RA and describe their mechanisms of action and stage of clinical development.Methods:We conducted a systematic review of all drug therapies in clinical development in RA in 17 databases of international clinical trials. Inclusion criterion: study from one of the databases using the keywords “Rheumatoid arthritis” (search date: June 1, 2019). Exclusion criteria: non-drug trials, trials not related to RA or duplicates. We also excluded dietary regimen or supplementations, cellular therapies, NSAIDs, glucorticoids or their derivatives and non-immunosuppressive or non-immunomodulating drugs. For each csDMARD, bDMARD and tsDMARD, we considered the study at the most advanced stage. For bDMARDs, we did not take into account biosimilars.Results:The research identified 4652 trials, of which 242 for 243 molecules met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The developed molecules belong to csDMARDs (n=21), bDMARDs (n=117), tsDMARDs (n=105).Among the 21 csDMARDs molecules: 8 (38%) has been withdrawn, 4 (19%) are already labelled in RA (hydroxychloroquine, leflunomide, methotrexate and sulfasalazine) and 9 (43%) are in development: 1 (11%) is in phase I/II, 5 (56%) in phase II, 3 (33%) in phase IV.Among the 117 bDMARDs molecules: 69 (59%) has been withdrawn, 9 (8%) are labeled in RA (abatacept, adalimumab, anakinra, certolizumab, etanercept, golimumab, infliximab, rituximab, sarilumab, tocilizumab) and 39 (33%) are in development: 9 (23%) in phase I, 3 (8%) in phase I/II, 21 (54%) in phase II, 5 (12%) are in phase III, 1 (3%) in phase IV. bDMARDs currently under development target B cells (n=4), T cells (n=2), T/B cells costimulation (n=2),TNF alpha (n=2), Interleukine 1 or his receptor (n=3), Interleukine 6 or his receptor (n=7), Interleukine 17 (n=4), Interleukine 23 (n=1), GM-CSF (n=1), other cytokines or chemokines (n=5), integrins or adhesion proteins (n=3), interferon receptor (n=1) and various other targets (n=4).Among the 105 tsDMARDs molecules: 64 (61%) has been withdrawn, 6 (6%) JAK inhibitors, have just been or will probably soon be labelled (baricitinib, filgotinib, peficitinib, tofacitinib and upadacitinib), 35 (33%) are in development: 8 (24%) in phase I, 26 (74%) in phase II, 1 (3%) in phase III and. tsDMARDs currently under development target tyrosine kinase (n=12), janus kinase (JAK) (n=3), sphingosine phostate (n=3), PI3K pathway (n=1), phosphodiesterase-4 (n=3) B cells signaling pathways (n=3) and various other targets (n=10).Conclusion:A total of 242 therapeutic trials involving 243 molecules have been or are being evaluated in RA. This development does not always lead to new treatments since 141 (58%) have already been withdrawn. Hopefully, some of the currently evaluated drugs will contribute to improve the therapeutic management of RA patients, requiring a greater personalization of therapeutic strategies, both in the choice of molecules and their place in therapeutic sequences.Disclosure of Interests:Julien Blaess: None declared, Julia Walther: None declared, Jacques-Eric Gottenberg Grant/research support from: BMS, Pfizer, Consultant of: BMS, Sanofi-Genzyme, UCB, Speakers bureau: Abbvie, Eli Lilly and Co., Roche, Sanofi-Genzyme, UCB, Jean Sibilia: None declared, Laurent Arnaud: None declared, Renaud FELTEN: None declared

scholarly journals Unconventional Anticancer Agents: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Vickers ◽  
Joyce Kuo ◽  
Barrie R. Cassileth
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Dose Finding ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Phase Ii Trials ◽  
Off Label

Purpose A substantial number of cancer patients turn to treatments other than those recommended by mainstream oncologists in an effort to sustain tumor remission or halt the spread of cancer. These unconventional approaches include botanicals, high-dose nutritional supplementation, off-label pharmaceuticals, and animal products. The objective of this study was to review systematically the methodologies applied in clinical trials of unconventional treatments specifically for cancer. Methods MEDLINE 1966 to 2005 was searched using approximately 200 different medical subject heading terms (eg, alternative medicine) and free text words (eg, laetrile). We sought prospective clinical trials of unconventional treatments in cancer patients, excluding studies with only symptom control or nonclinical (eg, immune) end points. Trial data were extracted by two reviewers using a standardized protocol. Results We identified 14,735 articles, of which 214, describing 198 different clinical trials, were included. Twenty trials were phase I, three were phase I and II, 70 were phase II, and 105 were phase III. Approximately half of the trials investigated fungal products, 20% investigated other botanicals, 10% investigated vitamins and supplements, and 10% investigated off-label pharmaceuticals. Only eight of the phase I trials were dose-finding trials, and a mere 20% of phase II trials reported a statistical design. Of the 27 different agents tested in phase III, only one agent had a prior dose-finding trial, and only for three agents was the definitive study initiated after the publication of phase II data. Conclusion Unconventional cancer treatments have not been subject to appropriate early-phase trial development. Future research on unconventional therapies should involve dose-finding and phase II studies to determine the suitability of definitive trials.

Hydrogeological Characterization Based on Long Term Groundwater Pressure Monitoring

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuji Daimaru ◽  
Ryuji Takeuchi ◽  
Masaki Takeda ◽  
Masayuki Ishibashi
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Pumping Test ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
Hydrogeological Characteristics ◽  
Under Construction

The Mizunami Underground Research Laboratory (MIU) is now under construction by the Japan Atomic Energy Agency in the Tono area of central Japan. The MIU project is being implemented in three overlapping Phases: Surface-based Investigation (Phase I), Construction (Phase II) and Operation (Phase III). The changes of groundwater pressure due to shaft excavation can be considered analogous to a large-scale pumping test. Therefore, there is the possibility that the site scale groundwater field (several km square) can be approximated by the long-term groundwater pressure monitoring data from Phase II. Based on the monitoring observations, hydrogeological characteristics were estimated using the s-log(t/r2) plot based on the Cooper-Jacob straight line method. Results of the s-log(t/r2) plots are as follows. The groundwater flow field around the MIU construction site is separated into domains by an impermeable fault. In other words, the fault is a hydraulic barrier. Hydraulic conductivity calculated from s-log(t/r2) plots are in the order of 1.0E−7(m/s). The above results from the long term monitoring during Phase II are a verification of the hydrogeological characteristics determined in the Phase I investigations.

Phase I Trial of Escalating-Dose Irinotecan Given Weekly With Cisplatin and Concurrent Radiotherapy in Locally Advanced Esophageal Cancer

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 2926-2932 ◽  
Author(s):  
David H. Ilson ◽  
Manjit Bains ◽  
David P. Kelsen ◽  
Eileen O’Reilly ◽  
Martin Karpeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Induction Chemotherapy ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Phase I Trial ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Concurrent Radiotherapy ◽  
Minimal Toxicity ◽  
Grade 3

Purpose: To identify the maximum-tolerated dose and dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) of weekly irinotecan combined with cisplatin and radiation in esophageal cancer. Patients and Methods: Nineteen patients with clinical stage II to III esophageal squamous cell or adenocarcinoma were treated on this phase I trial. Induction chemotherapy with weekly cisplatin 30 mg/m2 and irinotecan 65 mg/m2 was administered for four treatments during weeks 1 to 5. Radiotherapy was delivered weeks 8 to 13 in 1.8-Gy daily fractions to a dose of 50.4 Gy. Cisplatin 30 mg/m2 and escalating-dose irinotecan (40, 50, 65, and 80 mg/m2) were administered on days 1, 8, 22, and 29 of radiotherapy. DLT was defined as a 2-week delay in radiotherapy for grade 3 to 4 toxicity. Results: Minimal toxicity was observed during chemoradiotherapy, with no grade 3 or 4 esophagitis, diarrhea, or stomatitis. DLT caused by myelosuppression was seen in two of six patients treated at the 80-mg/m2 dose level, thus irinotecan 65 mg/m2 was defined as the recommended phase II dose. Dysphagia improved or resolved after induction chemotherapy in 13 (81%) of 16 patients who reported dysphagia before therapy. Only one patient (5%) required a feeding tube. Six complete responses (32%) were observed, including four pathologic complete responses in 15 patients selected to undergo surgery (27%). Conclusion: Cisplatin, irinotecan, and concurrent radiotherapy can be administered on a convenient schedule with relatively minimal toxicity and an acceptable rate of complete response in esophageal cancer. Further phase II evaluation of this regimen is ongoing. A phase III comparison to fluorouracil or taxane-containing chemoradiotherapy should be considered.

scholarly journals Etude par resonance magnetique des mouvements moléculaires dans l'acrylonitrile solide

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (23) ◽  
pp. 3889-3900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Buu Ban ◽  
C. CHACHATY
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Solid Matrix ◽  
Peroxy Radicals ◽  
Γ Irradiation ◽  
Rotational Oscillation ◽  
Résonance Magnétique ◽  
Oxygen Addition

Phase transitions and molecular motions in solid acrylonitrile and its deuterated homologue CH2=CDCN, have been studied between 100 and 191 °K (m.p.) by wide line n.m.r. and by T1 relaxation time measurements. Phase I (164 °K < T < 191 °K) is trapped and becomes metastable by quick cooling of acrylonitrile at 77 °K. It changes into the phase II, stable between 113 °K and 164 °K by a long duration annealing at 155–160 °K. The phase II → phase III transition occurs at 113 °K. It may be assumed that phase III, stable below this temperature, is rigid at T < 105 °K. Phase II may be characterized by a rotational oscillation of molecules around an axis defined by the N atom and the middle of the vinyl double bond. In phase I, acrylonitrile molecules undergo a binary reorientation motion around this axis with an activation energy of 4.2 kcal mol−1. The motion of peroxy radicals, trapped in acrylonitrile has been also studied by e.s.r. These radicals were produced by oxygen addition to free radicals previously formed by γ irradiation of acrylonitrile at 77 °K. The g anisotropy variation with temperature, shows no discontinuities at phase transitions, the activation of reorientation of peroxy radicals being 0.65 kcal mol−1. This result suggests that we are dealing in fact with macroradicals, the internal rotation of which is only observable in a solid matrix.

Offline Well Abandonment SIMOPs: An 81 Well Phase I & II Case Study Enabling ABEX Reduction in South East Asia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven A. Canny ◽  
Jane Amarin ◽  
Verapich Pinprayong ◽  
Chumpae Sratongroy ◽  
Pancharat Pitchayang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Well Abandonment ◽  
The Cost

Abstract In the decommissioning phase of oilfield facility lifecycles, focus pivots from positive net present value to executing the care and preservation, then decommissioning in the safest and most environmentally sensitive manor, and at the lowest total cost of ownership. Asset Retirement Obligation (ARO) is a long-term liability carried on the balance sheet, as a provision for the cost to return a wellsite to pre-exploration condition. The reduction of abandonment and decommissioning expenditure (ABEX) in executing compliant operations is a key business performance factor, and critical in executing higher volumes of wells earlier than planned. In doing so maximizing value to company shareholders, residents, industries and government level stakeholders. In the case study, an offline pre-abandonment and Phase I primary reservoir isolation project is presented, which seeks to maximize net project efficiency via offline wellbore intervention, executing the primary reservoir isolation of the wellbore via rigless techniques. This approach contributed to ABEX reductions by up to 40% per well vs the planned approval for expenditure (AFE) provisions taken for the operations. The project execution structure utilized offline intervention and Phase I primary reservoir isolation of 81 wellbores, across 5 wellhead platforms and 47 days continuous operations. Operations were part of a simultaneous operation (SIMOPS) project, as an offline work front located on the wellhead platform (WHP) weather deck. A second work front for Phase II and Phase III well abandonment operations, is executed concurrently, from the jack-up rig cantilever above the WHP. Live well operations are conducted concurrently by both work fronts, through the Christmas Tree (XT) and pressure control equipment in Phase I, and through the drilling riser and blowout preventor for Phase II and Phase III, to maximize productivity when the rig is on location. The scope of operations included wellhead qualification, wellbore access and preparation, well kill, injectivity testing, various wellbore preparation and cement placement techniques, pressure testing and lubrication of the wellbore. The operator's system engineering, design of operations and planning agility are key to its success. Acute focus was given to the batching of operations and delivery of these in a phased approach to increase productivity and maintain high service delivery through repetition of tasks. The project successfully executed Incident Free Operations (IFO) with 100% productive time and facilitated combined project performance, which delivered wells up to 44% ahead of the planned AFE. To enable this, over 4.19 million feet of slickline was run, conveying 428 bottom hole assemblies (BHAs), preparing the wellbores to isolate 804 primary reservoirs, and 2 intermediate reservoirs.

Advocacy of the Sustainable Development Goals in Jordanian academic libraries

IFLA Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 034003522110383
Author(s):  
Faten Hamad ◽  
Maha Al-Fadel
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Academic Libraries ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
Academic Librarians ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
The Public ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Study Support

In view of the increased importance of the Sustainable Development Goals and the limited number of public libraries in Jordan, it is important to investigate the role and practices of academic libraries in promoting knowledge and skills to support the Sustainable Development Goals in Jordan. It is also important to explore the challenges that might hinder the accomplishment of the Sustainable Development Goals. The results of this study support the fact that academic libraries can significantly contribute to the Sustainable Development Goals ( M = 3.53) by providing access to relevant and up-to-date information ( M = 4.16) and giving training on information literacy ( M = 4.03). Access to information contributes to the quality of life of society ( M = 4.41). This article provides insights for academic librarians and decision-makers into disseminating measures for promoting knowledge and skills related to the Sustainable Development Goals among students and the public community in Jordan. The study recommends some relevant strategies, such as the collaboration of academic libraries with governmental and health institutions to support the realization of the Sustainable Development Goals in Jordan.

Corporate Social Responsibility of Public Banking Sector for Sustainable Development

2019 ◽  
pp. 467-488
Author(s):  
Naglaa Fathy El Dessouky
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Corporate Social

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has become a significant field of studies to stress the importance of the new role of organizations towards the society for sustainable development. Nowadays, an enormous number of authors have been participating in this field to highlight the responsibility of organizations towards the community, society and the natural environment where they are operating. Despite the growing number of researches related to CSR in the developed countries little empirical studies have been devoted to examine CSR concept and practice in the African countries, the MENA region (Middle-East and North Africa), as well as in the Golf countries. This chapter seeks to study CSR concept and practice in the emerging market economies (EMEs). It will mainly focus on the implementations of CSR by the public banking sector. We will investigate the role of the public banking sector existing in an Arab country in comparison to an Asian country to explain and analyze the similarities and differences of CSR activities in both experiences. In this comparative study we will primarily examine Banque Misr, as one of the oldest and largest public bank in Egypt and the Malayan Banking Berhad (trading as Maybank) as the largest public bank in Malaysia. After a meticulous review of literature, we propose a systemic framework to study CSR practices and policy implementations. We illustrated the CSR as a constant process where all variables are interrelated and are affecting each other in a mutual approach. In this systemic framework we advocated to study all significant variables related to CSR practice as: the history/philosophy development, core-values, CSR adopted definition, motives, key players, approaches, stakeholders focus, sectors of intervention and mechanisms of policy implementations. The chapter concludes that common CSR policies exist between the Malaysian and the Egyptian experience. Nevertheless the Malaysian model has formulated an elaborated and further sophisticated CSR public banking program. Meanwhile, the Egyptian model needs to adopt more global oriented CSR public banking policies, in particular to assure the sustainable development requirements.

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