scholarly journals Negotiating Proximity in Sustainable Urban Planning: A Swedish Case

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Gil Solá ◽  
Bertil Vilhelmson
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Scale Level ◽  
Collaborative Tool ◽  
The Social ◽  
Policy And Planning

In striving for sustainability, urban policy and planning increasingly emphasize proximity ideals in order to go beyond established mobility- and speed-oriented accessibility strategies. Yet proximity is a fluid concept with many contextualized meanings, cutting across most sectors of urban planning. When proximity is realized in actual planning, clarity and communicability are therefore required. Here we explored how urban planners in different fields of expertise understand and apply the proximity concept. Furthermore, we tested a collaborative tool enabling transparent discussion and fostering a joint basis for further application. Qualitative data were collected via six semi-structured, focus-group workshops with 35 planners of various competencies working in three western Swedish municipalities. The results indicated that planning goals of proximity were negotiated according to three understandings: One derived from the established understanding of transportation and land-use integration, relying on planners’ expert views; a second emphasizing the local community understanding, highlighting the social context of neighborhoods; and a third comprising the personal environment understanding of the individual’s closest physical space at a detailed scale level. Collaborative exercises resulted in the development of a communicative tool for negotiating perceived understandings of proximity, as well as planning goals.

Asserting the Capacity to be Free

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-69
Author(s):  
Catherine Kramarczuk Voulgarides
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Zero Tolerance ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Community Context ◽  
Northeastern United States ◽  
Suburban School District ◽  
The Social

In this article, I explore how the social contract of schooling and the three functions of schooling (Noguera 2003)—to sort, to socialize, and to control— impact and constrain the freedom and agency of a group of young Black and Latinx men in one suburban school district that was experiencing sociodemographic shifts in the Northeastern United States. I use qualitative data to frame how the young men experience schooling, and I show how the local community context facilitates the institutionalization of discriminatory sorting processes and racially prejudiced norms. I also show how the young men are excessively controlled and monitored via zero tolerance disciplinary practices, which effectively constrains their humanity and capacity to freely exist in their school and which inadvertently strengthens the connective tissue between schools and prisons.

From Census Tract to Neighborhood Planning

1979 ◽  
Vol 1 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 5-26
Author(s):  
Wesley Nakajima
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
The United States ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
The Social ◽  
Physical Elements ◽  
Planning Policies

In recent years, applied anthropologists in urban research have begun to focus attention upon the process of urban planning. Traditionally, urban planners in the United States were drawn from architecture, engineering, and geography. These planners were primarily concerned with the physical environment, land use, and architectural design. A problem with their planning policies was that they reflected planners' strong physical interests and seemingly neglected to consider the human society for which planning was being done. In recognition of this problem, the applied anthropologists can make a significant contribution to the evaluation and development of more comprehensive, humanistic planning policies. The socio-cultural perspective of the anthropologists complements that of the "physical" planners. Furthermore, applied anthropology concepts and methodology, which facilitate direct observation of a population within its environment, function to articulate the social with the physical elements of a plan. In doing so, human behavior patterns and felt needs can be related to the physical environment, land use, and architectural design and can thus improve the overall quality of urban planning.

scholarly journals ‘I like to go out to be energised by different people’: an exploratory analysis of mobility and wellbeing in later life

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 758-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRIEDERIKE ZIEGLER ◽  
TIM SCHWANEN
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Older People ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Later Life ◽  
The Self ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World

ABSTRACTThis paper adds to the growing number of studies about mobility and wellbeing in later life. It proposes a broader understanding of mobility than movement through physical space. Drawing on the ‘mobility turn’ in the social sciences, we conceptualise mobility as the overcoming of any type of distance between a here and a there, which can be situated in physical, electronic, social, psychological or other kinds of space. Using qualitative data from 128 older people in County Durham, England, we suggest that mobility and wellbeing influence each other in many different ways. Our analysis extends previous research in various ways. First, it shows that mobility of the self – a mental disposition of openness and willingness to connect with the world – is a crucial driver of the relation between mobility and wellbeing. Second, while loss of mobility as physical movement can and often does affect older people's sense of wellbeing adversely, this is not necessarily so; other mobilities can at least to some extent compensate for the loss of mobility in physical space. Finally, wellbeing is also enhanced through mobility as movement in physical space because the latter enables independence or subjectively experienced autonomy, as well as inter-dependence in the sense of relatively equal and reciprocal social relations with other people.

scholarly journals Incorporating Form-Based Codes into the Design-Based Approach to Historic Building Conservation in Phuket, Thailand

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 3859
Author(s):  
Kanokwan Masuwan ◽  
Pusit Lertwattanaruk
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Historic Districts ◽  
Physical Form ◽  
Building Form ◽  
Relationship Of

In Thailand, the concept and measurement of urban planning rely on conventional zoning, which includes land use, building usage, and open space ratio. Conventional zoning focuses on both the growth of buildings in terms of physical dimensions and their usability in lowland areas. The guidelines and measures used in urban planning do not reflect the spatial relationship of the community, as they have a less detailed design and place no emphasis on the identity of the district. Urban planning might not protect the sense of any given place, as it often uses a one-size-fits-all plan that is then applied to whole communities. Form-Based Codes (FBCs) are urban planning tools that are used to maximize land use, benefit the public, focus on creating a specific physical form, and design the development and public spaces in a way that matches the community’s vision. FBCs are the result of the cooperation between stakeholders, architects, urban planners, government agencies, and members of the local community who are willing to create a plan for their public space and to preserve the physical characteristics of the city. In this paper, we aimed to understand the relationship between various historical contexts and the FBCs using the case study of Phuket’s old town, which has a fusion of Sino–Portuguese architecture. Building form standards suitable for Phuket’s old town were created by comparing them to a baseline case that uses existing codes and regulations and using the FBCs’ components. FBCs have the potential to enhance the character and vibrancy of the historic area by improving façade design and preserving the sense of place and community pride. The results support the hypothesis that FBCs are able to supplement conventional zoning in historic districts. Recommendations for a local historic preservation commission and communities that are considering the adoption of FBCs for historic resources and districts are provided.

scholarly journals Planejamento em áreas de transição rural-urbana: velhas novidades em novos territórios

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Lívia Izabel Bezerra de Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Urban Transition ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Rural Transition ◽  
Transition Areas

Desvendar processos espaciais e possibilidades de planejamento em áreas de transição rural-urbana é o objetivo deste trabalho. Partiu-se do pressuposto de que, embora essas áreas não tenham sido historicamente o foco central do planejamento urbano, expressam hoje forte convergência de interesses, processos e conflitos socioeconômicos, territoriais e ambientais. Portanto, não é possível promover a ocupação e o uso sustentável e socialmente justo de todo o território municipal, como define o Estatuto da Cidade (Lei nº 10.257/01), se não há descritores técnicos e instrumentos urbanísticos capazes de garantir efetivas possibilidades de planejamento nas áreas de transição rural-urbana. Pôde-se constatar que, apesar dos recentes avanços legais/institucionais no campo da reforma urbana, ainda há muitas limitações no que diz respeito ao enfrentamento dos graves problemas decorrentes do processo histórico de uso e ocupação do território, espraiado, incompleto, especulativo, e o seu consequente planejamento. Palavras-chave: planejamento urbano; política urbana; transição urbano-rural. Abstract: To investigate spatial processes and city planning possibilities for the rural-urban transition areas is the objective in this paper. Was anticipated that even if these areas have not been, historically, centered by urban planning focus, they express, currently, a strong convergence of interests, processes and conflicts on social-economic, territorial and environmental issues. So, it’s not possible to promote a sustainable and socially just occupation and land use of the whole municipality area – as it is defined by the Estatuto da Cidade (“City Statute”, a 2001 Brazilian Federal Law) – if we do not have urban policy instruments that could actually guarantee urban planning possibilities for the rural-urban transition areas. Was evident that although the recent legal and institutional advances for the Urban Reform ideals in Brazil, it stills many difficulties to face the serious problems that come from an historical process of spread, incomplete and speculative land use and occupation, and its consequent planning issues. Keywords: urban planning; urban policy; urban-rural transition.

scholarly journals The Distinction of the Major Design Principles of Planning Systems and How They Potentially Impact Planning Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Hu
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Social Construction ◽  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Information Feedback ◽  
Planning Systems ◽  
The Social ◽  
Policy And Planning ◽  
Impact Planning

This paper addresses how different urban planning systems play their role in the development of cities, and how this directly affects the role and status of urban planning in social construction, and how to determine the social awareness of urban planning. By contrasting and defining the challenges and advantages of the regulatory, discretionary and hybrid urban planning systems, as well as examining the potential possibilities of each system, which system is more effective will become apparent. Therefore, planning and policy implementation can be more extensive and special. At the same time, a sound planning system can form relevant information feedback to propose amendments and adjustment methods for the city's planning content and policy and planning operation, which comply with the objective requirements of urban development.

scholarly journals Post-Constitutional Urban Policy: the experience of the Municipality of Rio de Janeiro

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Angela Moulin S. Penalva Santos
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Social Rights

The aim of this article is to reflect on the ill-fated expectations of Brazilian urban policy, much identified with the regulation of urban land use. The present work is based on the premise that urban policy is the dimension of social policy that provides effectiveness to urban planning. Thus, it is fitting that it should be evaluated within a context in which it began to interact with a set of social rights included in the 1988 Constitution. These were the underlying reflections resulting from research, which was conducted through interviews with urban planners who had worked with urban policy in the Municipality of Rio de Janeiro during the 1980s, 1990s and into the 2000s. The main transformations in urban policy and the challenges faced in managing this policy were used as a reference to reflect on the directions taken by Brazilian urban policy.

scholarly journals Kajian Perencanaan Tata Guna Lahan Untuk Pembangunan Wisata Kawasan Pantai Cermin

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jabal Hidayat ◽  
B O Y Marpaung
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Tourist Attraction ◽  
Vacant Lots ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
District Government ◽  
Existing Data

Pantai Cermin memiliki potensi objek wisata pantai yang menjadi pilihan utama masyarakat Serdang Bedagai dan beberapa daerah lain yang berada disekitarnya. Tingginya minat wisatawan untuk berkunjung ke kawasan Pantai Cermin merupakan potensi yang penting untuk terus dikembangkan oleh Pemerintah Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai. Hanya saja keindahan alam dan potensi sosial budaya yang dimiliki tidak dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Ketidakoptimalan potensi yang ada dibuktikan dengan masih banyaknya lahan kosong yang tidak tertata dengan baik yang bisa dimanfaatkan untuk pengembangan kawasan wisata. Perencanaan kembali tata guna lahan akan memberi keberhasilan peningkatan wisata kawasan Pantai Cermin. Oleh karena itu dalam mendukung kawasan Pantai Cermin menjadi tujuan wisata tepi air, maka penelitian tentang pengembangan tata guna lahan ini dilakukan. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui proses pengamatan langsung dan menganalisis data yang ada yang selanjutnya dikembangkan sebagai suatu perencanaan pengembangan. Manfaat dari penelitian ini adalah memberikan solusi berupa pedoman perencanaan dalam menjawab permasalahan yang ada serta memberikan kontribusi terhadap kelestarian alam dan peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat setempat serta menjadi pedoman untuk pemerintah Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai dalam menata kawasan Pantai Cermin.   Cermin Beach area has the potential of the main tourist attraction of the people of Serdang Bedagai and several other areas nearby. A large number of tourist interest to visit the Cermin Beach area is an important potential to be continuously developed by the Serdang Bedagai Regency Government. It's just that the beauty of nature and the social-cultural potential possessed are not optimally. The lack of optimization of the existing potential is evidenced by the fact that there are still many vacant lots that are not well organized which can be utilized for the development of tourist areas. Re-planning land use will give success to the improvement of the Cermin Beach area tourism. Therefore, in supporting the Cermin Beach area to be a waterfront tourist destination, research on the development of land use was carried out. This research was carried out through a process of directed observation and analyzing existing data which was; subsequently, developed as a development plan. The benefit of this research is to provide solutions in the form of planning guidelines in addressing existing problems and contributing to the preservation of nature and improving the welfare of the local community as well as being a guideline for Serdang Bedagai District government in managing the Cermin Beach area.

scholarly journals Kolozsvár történelmi belvárosának társadalmi fenntarthatósága

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-19
Author(s):  
József Benedek
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Economic Transition ◽  
Social Sustainability ◽  
City Center ◽  
The Social ◽  
Problematic Issue ◽  
Current Characteristics ◽  
Historic City ◽  
The City

The author examines the social sustainability of Kolozsvár's historic city center, pointing out the historic, social, geographic, economic and politic features that shape the current characteristics and potentials of the city. He concludes that in Kolozsvár, just like in any other city of Romania, social sustainability constitutes a problematic issue for urban planning, urban policy, and the privatization of estates and services in the context of politic and economic transition

Infrastructuring the social: Local community work, urban policy and marginalized residential areas in Denmark

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 767-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasmus H Birk
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Community Work ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Welfare State

This article develops the concept of infrastructuring the social by analyzing the uses of local community work in Danish marginalized residential areas. Infrastructuring the social is a concept to describe how spaces are designated as problematic and marginalized and then remade through the creation and materialization of normative and instrumental relations. The article empirically demonstrates how infrastructuring the social works through enacting relations between residents, local community workers and professionals from municipalities, relations which are used to move people along normative trajectories. These trajectories are meant to transport people out of problematic areas, and into closer contact with “regular society,” such as Danish institutions, education, and the labor market. Infrastructuring the social is thus enacted from the outside in, imbued with the normative imperatives of the welfare state, seeking to rework the agency of residents and improve the marginalized residential area. The concept of infrastructuring the social nuances the trope of the “network” by highlighting the normative imperatives embedded in making relations, and goes beyond frameworks of governmentality by highlighting the practical messiness and on-going work of everyday governance.

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