scholarly journals The Evolution of International Scientific Collaboration in Fuel Cells during 1998–2017: A Social Network Perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4790
Author(s):  
Xuan Shi ◽  
Lingfei Cai ◽  
Junzhi Jia
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
International Collaboration ◽  
Scientific Collaboration ◽  
Research Collaboration ◽  
Collaboration Network ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
International Scientific Collaboration ◽  
Wide Range

International scientific collaboration has played an important role in the development of fuel cell technology. In this paper, we employ bibliometric methods and social network analysis to explore the patterns and dynamics of scientific collaboration network of fuel cells. A total of 20,358 international collaborative publications in the fuel cell field published during 1998–2017 were collected from Web of Science. We use a series of indicators to address multiple facets of research collaboration and evolution patterns. Results show that international collaboration has been increasing and the characteristics of the scientific network have changed over time. The collaboration network presented a highly uneven distribution, while the sign of decline began to show. The trend of consolidation was presented with one cluster around North America–Asia, one around Europe, and a small emerging collaborating cluster around West Asia. European and North American countries had relatively higher international collaboration rate than Asian countries but lower publishing volume. Two modes of international collaboration exist: Germany, France and UK collaborate with a wide range of countries, while Singapore, Australia, South Korea and Taiwan concentrate on collaborating with few main countries. Microbial fuel cell had developed as a new prominent area in the international collaboration, and the most popular catalysts were nanoparticle and graphene/carbon nanotubes. This study presents a picture of international collaboration from multi-dimension view and provides insights in facilitating more vigorous collaborations in fuel cells.

scholarly journals Is academia becoming more localised? The growth of regional knowledge networks within international research collaboration

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
John Fitzgerald ◽  
Sanna Ojanperä ◽  
Neave O’Clery
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
International Collaboration ◽  
International Research ◽  
Research Collaboration ◽  
Learning By Doing ◽  
Knowledge Networks ◽  
Collaboration Network ◽  
International Research Collaboration ◽  
The Past ◽  
Capability Building

AbstractIt is well-established that the process of learning and capability building is core to economic development and structural transformation. Since knowledge is ‘sticky’, a key component of this process is learning-by-doing, which can be achieved via a variety of mechanisms including international research collaboration. Uncovering significant inter-country research ties using Scopus co-authorship data, we show that within-region collaboration has increased over the past five decades relative to international collaboration. Further supporting this insight, we find that while communities present in the global collaboration network before 2000 were often based on historical geopolitical or colonial lines, in more recent years they increasingly align with a simple partition of countries by regions. These findings are unexpected in light of a presumed continual increase in globalisation, and have significant implications for the design of programmes aimed at promoting international research collaboration and knowledge diffusion.

A Methodology for Assessing Fuel Cell Performance Under a Wide Range of Operational Conditions: Results for Single Cells

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Baratella ◽  
Roberto Bove ◽  
Piero Lunghi
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Cell Performance ◽  
Effective Parameters ◽  
Test Procedures ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The University

Testing the performance of fuel cells is an important key for verifying technology improvements and for demonstrating their potential. However, due to the novelty of this technology, there is not a standardized procedure for testing fuel cell performance. In order to fully investigate fuel cell performance, the behavior must be known under a wide range of operational conditions. Furthermore, in order to compare results coming from different test teams, a set of procedures and parameters to evaluate single cell performance should be defined. The research group of the Fuel Cell Laboratory of the University of Perugia is conducting performance tests on single cells, focusing on defining test procedures to find effective parameters to be used to compare tests performed by different teams. This work demonstrates how the testing parameters developed by the team allow one to perform advanced control on test procedures, to understand test results, and to compare them with tests carried out under different operational conditions. The entire analysis is easily conducted by using a single parameter variation hyperspace approach. The experimental results obtained on single fuel cells are reported.

scholarly journals Scientific collaboration network ammong Brazilian universities

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Isabel Escalona-Fernandez ◽  
Antonio Pulgarin-Guerrero ◽  
Ely Francina Tannuri de Oliveira ◽  
Maria Cláudia Cabrini Gracio
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Social Network Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Scientific Collaboration ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Scientific Production ◽  
Collaboration Network ◽  
Network Data ◽  
New Knowledge

This paper analyses the scientific collaboration network formed by the Brazilian universities that investigate in dentistry area. The constructed network is based on the published documents in the Scopus (Elsevier) database covering a period of 10 (ten) years. It is used social network analysis as the best methodological approach to visualize the capacity for collaboration, dissemination and transmission of new knowledge among universities. Cohesion and density of the collaboration network is analyzed, as well as the centrality of the universities as key-actors and the occurrence of subgroups within the network. Data were analyzed using the software UCINET and NetDraw. The number of documents published by each university was used as an indicator of its scientific production.

scholarly journals Fuel Cells: The Next Evolution

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 581-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Lashway
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Electrical Conductance ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Pure Oxygen ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Hydrogen Fuel ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractThe articles in this issue of MRS Bulletin highlight the enormous potential of fuel cells for generating electricity using multiple fuels and crossing a wide range of applications. Fuel cells convert chemical energy directly into electrical energy, and as a powergeneration module, they can be viewed as a continuously operating battery.They take in air (or pure oxygen, for aerospace or undersea applications) and hydrocarbon or hydrogen fuel to produce direct current at various outputs. The electrical output can be converted and then connected to motors to generate much cleaner and more fuelefficient power than is possible from internal combustion engines, even when combined with electrical generators in today's hybrid engines. The commercialization of these fuel cell technologies is contingent upon additional advances in materials science that will suit the aggressive electrochemical environment of fuel cells (i.e., both reducing an oxidizing) and provide ionic and electrical conductance for thousands of hours of operation.

Social network analysis and data visualization of MIS international collaboration in Taiwan

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yung-Ting Chuang ◽  
Yi-Hsi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Social Network Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
International Collaboration ◽  
Research Productivity ◽  
Research Collaboration ◽  
Clustering Algorithms ◽  
The United States ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Collaboration Patterns

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to apply social network analysis (SNA) to study faculty research productivity, to identify key leaders, to study publication keywords and research areas and to visualize international collaboration patterns and analyze collaboration research fields from all Management Information System (MIS) departments in Taiwan from 1982 to 2015.Design/methodology/approachThe authors first retrieved results encompassing about 1,766 MIS professors and their publication records between 1982 and 2015 from the Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan (MOST) website. Next, the authors merged these publication records with the records obtained from the Web of Science, Google Scholar, IEEE Xplore, ScienceDirect, Airiti Library and Springer Link databases. The authors further applied six network centrality equations, leadership index, exponential weighted moving average (EWMA), contribution value and k-means clustering algorithms to analyze the collaboration patterns, research productivity and publication patterns. Finally, the authors applied D3.js to visualize the faculty members' international collaborations from all MIS departments in Taiwan.FindingsThe authors have first identified important scholars or leaders in the network. The authors also see that most MIS scholars in Taiwan tend to publish their papers in the journals such as Decision Support Systems and Information and Management. The authors have further figured out the significant scholars who have actively collaborated with academics in other countries. Furthermore, the authors have recognized the universities that have frequent collaboration with other international universities. The United States, China, Canada and the United Kingdom are the countries that have the highest numbers of collaborations with Taiwanese academics. Lastly, the keywords model, system and algorithm were the most common terms used in recent years.Originality/valueThis study applied SNA to visualize international research collaboration patterns and has revealed some salient characteristics of international cooperation trends and patterns, leadership networks and influences and research productivity for faculty in Information Management departments in Taiwan from 1982 to 2015. In addition, the authors have discovered the most common keywords used in recent years.

Research Activities and Networks in CAIS Conferences for the Period of 1993- 2015: Social Network Analysis

1969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwan Yi ◽  
Tao Jin ◽  
Ping Li
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Social Network Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Collaborative Research ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Research Collaboration ◽  
Collaboration Network ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Canadian Association ◽  
Collaborative Activities

Since 1973 the Canadian Association for Information Science (CAIS/ACSI) has consecutively held 43 annual conferences. The purpose of this study is to better understand the research and collaborative activities in the community of CAIS conferences, based on a social network analysis (SNA) approach. A total of 827 papers from 778 authors have been presented in CAIS for the period of 1993 to 2015, in association with 209 different organizations and 25 countries. A component analysis that has been applied to the collaboration network has discovered research collaboration patterns. This study contributes to discovering collaborative research activities and formation through the CAIS conference and to the literature of the scientific collaboration in the LIS field. Depuis 1973, l'Association canadienne de sciences de l'information (ACSI/CAIS) a tenu 43 congrès annuels consécutifs. Le but de cette étude est de mieux comprendre les activités de recherche et de collaboration dans la communauté de l’ACSI, à l’aide d’une approche d’analyse des réseaux sociaux (ARS). Un total de 827 articles de 778 auteurs ont été présentés à l’ACSI dans la période 1993-2015, en association avec 209 organisations différentes et 25 pays. L’analyse des composantes du réseau de collaboration met en lumière l’existence de patrons de collaboration de recherche au sein de la communauté. Cette étude contribue à l’étude des activités  de collaboration au sein des congrès de l’ACSI ainsi qu’à la littérature sur la collaboration scientifique dans le domaine BSI.

DOE FE Distributed Generation Program

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark C. Williams ◽  
Bruce R. Utz ◽  
Kevin M. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Distributed Generation ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory ◽  
Hydrogen Economy ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The U.S

The U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Office of Fossil Energy’s (FE) National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), in partnership with private industries, is leading the development and demonstration of high efficiency solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) and fuel cell turbine hybrid power generation systems for near term distributed generation (DG) markets with an emphasis on premium power and high reliability. NETL is partnering with Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) in developing new directions in research under the Solid-State Energy Conversion Alliance (SECA) initiative for the development and commercialization of modular, low cost, and fuel flexible SOFC systems. The SECA initiative, through advanced materials, processing and system integration research and development, will bring the fuel cell cost to $400 per kilowatt (kW) for stationary and auxiliary power unit (APU) markets. The President of the U.S. has launched us into a new hydrogen economy. The logic of a hydrogen economy is compelling. The movement to a hydrogen economy will accomplish several strategic goals. The U.S. can use its own domestic resources—solar, wind, hydro, and coal. The U.S. uses 20 percent of the world’s oil but has only 3 percent of resources. Also, the U.S. can reduce green house gas emissions. Clear Skies and Climate Change initiatives aim to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions. SOFCs have no emissions, so they figure significantly in these DOE strategies. In addition, DG—SOFCs, reforming, energy storage—has significant benefit for enhanced security and reliability. The use of fuel cells in cars is expected to bring about the hydrogen economy. However, commercialization of fuel cells is expected to proceed first through portable and stationary applications. This logic says to develop SOFCs for a wide range of stationary and APU applications, initially for conventional fuels, then switch to hydrogen. Like all fuel cells, the SOFC will operate even better on hydrogen than conventional fuels. The SOFC hybrid is a key part of the FutureGen plants. FutureGen is a major new Presidential initiative to produce hydrogen from coal. The highly efficient SOFC hybrid plant will produce electric power and other parts of the plant could produce hydrogen and sequester CO2. The hydrogen produced can be used in fuel cell cars and for SOFC DG applications.

International collaboration in Antarctica: the International Polar Years, the International Geophysical Year, and the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research

Polar Record ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin P. Summerhayes
Keyword(s):  
International Collaboration ◽  
Scientific Collaboration ◽  
Scientific Committee ◽  
International Scientific Collaboration ◽  
International Geophysical Year ◽  
Working Together ◽  
International Polar ◽  
Antarctic Research ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
International Geophysical

ABSTRACTAs the fourth International Polar Year (IPY) 2007–2008, gets into full swing it is timely to reflect on the history of development of international scientific collaboration in the IPYs since the first one in 1882–1883, including the third, which evolved into the International Geophysical Year (IGY) of 1957–1958. The success of international scientific collaboration in the IGY led the International Council for Science (ICSU), the body that managed the IGY, to create the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR) to carry forward the collaboration in Antarctic science that had begun during the IGY. This year, 2008, seems an appropriate time to undertake such an historical review, given that we are not only midway through the fourth IPY, but also that it is SCAR's 50th anniversary; the first SCAR meeting having been held in The Hague on 3–5 February 1958. Since SCAR's membership began with 12 member countries and 4 ICSU unions, membership has grown to 34 countries and 8 ICSU unions, with more expected to join at the 30th meeting of SCAR in Moscow in July 2008. Both SCAR's activities and those of the fourth IPY benefit from international collaboration not only between scientists, but also between the national Antarctic operations managers, working together through the Council of Managers of National Antarctic Programmes (COMNAP), and national policy makers working together through the Antarctic Treaty mechanisms. Thanks to all their efforts, the IPY of 2007–2009 will leave behind a legacy of enhanced observing systems for documenting the status and change of all aspects of the Antarctic environment as the basis for improved forecasting of its future condition. SCAR expects to play a major role in the design of those systems and their use to improve scientific understanding of the place of the Antarctic in the global environmental system, and the pace and direction of change within that system.

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