scholarly journals Urban Food Sources and the Challenges of Food Availability According to the Brazilian Dietary Guidelines Recommendations

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Aparecida Borges ◽  
William Cabral-Miranda ◽  
Patricia Constante Jaime
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Grocery Stores ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Food Retailers ◽  
The Mean

The study investigated availability and food sources in urban areas using elements of the NOVA food classification system, adopted by the Brazilian Dietary Guidelines, in a Brazilian municipality. In addition, the study also aimed to identify inequalities in the geographical distribution of food retailers that commercialize healthy and/or unhealthy foods. This cross-sectional study was performed in the municipality of Jundiai in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Data from within-store audit and geographic data were used to characterizing the nutrition community environment. The mean was calculated for food items available in each of the four NOVA groups for each audited food retailer. The mean of food items available in each of the four NOVA groups for each audited food retail were calculated. The density and proportion of different types of food retailers were georeferenced. The supermarkets, medium market stores, and grocery stores presented the highest availability of unprocessed foods as well as ultra-processed foods. Establishments that sold primarily unprocessed foods and included a fruits and vegetables section at the entrance of the store had a greater availability of healthy foods, but their density in the territory was low compared to establishments that prioritized the sale of ultra-processed foods and sold ultra-processed foods in the checkout area. Especially in middle- and low-income areas, the concentration of food retailers with priority sale of ultra-processed products is reaches 22 times higher than the sale of unprocessed or minimally processed foods. The study supported the identification of regions where it was necessary to improve access to equipment that marketed unprocessed foods as a priority.

scholarly journals Do Latino and non-Latino grocery stores differ in the availability and affordability of healthy food items in a low-income, metropolitan region?

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 360-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A Emond ◽  
Hala N Madanat ◽  
Guadalupe X Ayala
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Fresh Produce ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Grocery Stores ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Item Price ◽  
The Cost

AbstractObjectiveTo compare non-ethnically based supermarkets and Latino grocery stores (tiendas) in a lower-income region with regard to the availability, quality and cost of several healthy v. unhealthy food items.DesignA cross-sectional study conducted by three independent observers to audit twenty-five grocery stores identified as the main source of groceries for 80 % of Latino families enrolled in a childhood obesity study. Stores were classified as supermarkets and tiendas on the basis of key characteristics.SettingSouth San Diego County.SubjectsTen tiendas and fifteen supermarkets.ResultsTiendas were smaller than supermarkets (five v. twelve aisles, P = 0·003). Availability of fresh produce did not differ by store type; quality differed for one fruit item. Price per unit (pound or piece) was lower in tiendas for most fresh produce. The cost of meeting the US Department of Agriculture's recommended weekly servings of produce based on an 8368 kJ (2000 kcal)/d diet was $US 3·00 lower in tiendas compared with supermarkets (P < 0·001). The cost of 1 gallon of skimmed milk was significantly higher in tiendas ($US 3·29 v. $US 2·69; P = 0·005) and lean (7 % fat) ground beef was available in only one tienda (10 %) compared with ten (67 %) supermarkets (P = 0·01).ConclusionsBarriers remain in the ability to purchase healthier dairy and meat options in tiendas; the same is not true for produce. These results highlight the potential that tiendas have in improving access to quality, fresh produce within lower-income communities. However, efforts are needed to increase the access and affordability of healthy dairy and meat products.

Content of Brazilian supermarket circulars do not reflect national dietary guidelines

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 1052-1060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anice Milbratz de Camargo ◽  
Júlia Pitsch de Farias ◽  
Ana Claudia Mazzonetto ◽  
Moira Dean ◽  
Giovanna Medeiros Rataichesck Fiates
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Minimally Processed ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Shopping Behaviour ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Level Of Processing

Abstract Previous research on foods advertised in supermarket circulars revealed that advertisement for foods at promotional prices influence food choices and shopping behaviour, but no paper reporting the Latin American context was identified. Furthermore, most studies only assessed the products advertised on the front pages and not in the entire circulars. This paper quantifies and categorizes, according to level of processing, the foods advertised in circulars from four Brazilian supermarket chains in order to assess their compatibility with the national dietary guidelines issued by the Ministry of Health. Printed and online circulars were collected between June and July 2016. Foods items advertised were identified and classified into one of four categories using the NOVA classification as unprocessed or minimally processed, processed culinary ingredient, processed or ultra-processed. Sixteen documents were analysed, and 1786 food items identified, where 23% were categorized as unprocessed or minimally processed, and 63% as ultra-processed foods. While the mean proportion of ultra-processed and unprocessed or minimally processed foods advertised on circular covers was similar (p = 0.49), the mean proportion of ultra-processed foods advertised in the entire circular was significantly higher than unprocessed or minimally processed foods (p &lt; 0.001). Brazilian supermarket circulars are stimulating the acquisition of ultra-processed foods, which does not encourage food choices to be in line with what is recommended by the Dietary Guidelines for the Brazilian Population.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional study of drivers of animal-source food consumption in low-income urban areas of Nairobi, Kenya

BMC Nutrition ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Cornelsen ◽  
Pablo Alarcon ◽  
Barbara Häsler ◽  
Djesika D. Amendah ◽  
Elaine Ferguson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Animal Source ◽  
Animal Source Food

scholarly journals Prevalence of zinc deficiency among primary school children in a poor peri-urban informal settlement in South Africa

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Folake O. Samuel ◽  
Abdulkadir A. Egal ◽  
Wilna H. Oldewage-Theron ◽  
Carin E. Napier ◽  
Christine S. Venter
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
Informal Settlement ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
World Health ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

This cross-sectional study assessed the risk of zinc deficiency in randomly selected children, aged between 7 and 11 years, living in a poor, peri-urban informal settlement in South Africa. Dietary intake of 149 respondents was evaluated by 24-hour recall and quantitative food frequency questionnaires. Anthropometric and biochemical indices of a subset of 113 were determined. Descriptive statistics, analysis of variance and Pearson correlations were computed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 14.0. Anthropometric data were analysed using the World Health Organization Anthro plus version 1.0.2 statistical software. Dietary data were analysed with FoodFinder® version 3. The mean age of the children was 9.0±1.1 years. Few zinc-rich sources appeared in the diet that was predominantly plant-based. Mean dietary zinc intake was 4.6±2.2 mg/day. The mean value of serum zinc was 66.4±21.5 µg/dL, with 46% of the children having values less than the 70 µg/dL cut-off. The findings indicate a high risk of zinc deficiency and suboptimal zinc status for the majority of this study population of children, possibly as a result of low consumption of food sources with high bioavailability of zinc, which invariably is a direct consequence of poverty and food insecurity.OpsommingDie doel van hierdie dwarsdeursnitstudie was die bepaling van die risiko van ’n sinktekort in ’n ewekansige steekproef van 7 tot 11 jaar-oue kinders, woonagtig in ’n arm, voorstedelike informele woonbuurt in Suid Afrika. Dieetinnames van 149 respondente is geëvalueer deur 24-uur herroep en kwantitatiewe voedselfrekwensie vraelyste. Antropometriese en biochemiese indikatore van ’n kleiner steekproef van 113 is ook bepaal. Beskrywende statistiek, analise van variansie en Pearsonkorrelasies is bepaal deur die Statistical Package for Social Sciences, uitgawe 14.0. Antropometriese data is geanaliseer deur die statistiese program, Anthro plus, uitgawe 1.0.2, van die Wêreld Gesondheid Organisasie. Dieetdata is met behulp van FoodFinder® uitgawe 3 geanaliseer. Die gemiddelde ouderdom van die kinders was 9.0±1.1 jaar. Min sinkryke voedselbronne is in die hoofsaaklik plantryke dieet waargeneem. Die gemiddelde sinkinname was 4.6±2.2 mg/dag en die gemiddelde serumsinkwaarde was 66.4±21.5 µg/dL, met 46% van die kinders se waardes onder die 70 µg/dL afsnypunt. Die bevindings dui op ’n hoë risiko vir sinktekort en suboptimale sinkstatus vir die meerderheid van hierdie kinders, moontlik as gevolg van die swak inname van voedselbronne met hoë biobeskikbare sink, wat gewoonlik ’n direkte gevolg van armoede en huishoudelike voedsel insekuriteit is.

scholarly journals Development and evaluation of a diet quality screener to assess adherence to the Dutch food-based dietary guidelines

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Mariëlle G de Rijk ◽  
Anne I Slotegraaf ◽  
Elske M Brouwer-Brolsma ◽  
Corine WM Perenboom ◽  
Edith JM Feskens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maximum Score ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Excellent Reproducibility

Abstract The Eetscore FFQ was developed to score the Dutch Healthy Diet index 2015 (DHD2015-index) representing the Dutch food-based dietary guidelines of 2015. This paper describes the development of the Eetscore FFQ, a short screener assessing diet quality, examines associations between diet quality and participants’ characteristics, and evaluates the relative validity and reproducibility of the Eetscore FFQ in a cross-sectional study with Dutch adults. The study sample consisted of 751 participants, aged 19-91 y, recruited from the EetMeetWeet research panel. The mean DHD2015-index score based on the Eetscore FFQ of the total sample was 111 (SD 17.5) out of a maximum score of 160 points and was significantly higher in women than in men, positively associated with age and education level, and inversely associated with BMI. The Kendall’s tau-b coefficient of the DHD2015- index between the Eetscore FFQ and the full-length FFQ (on average 1.7-month interval, n=565) was 0.51 (95% CI 0.47, 0.55), indicating an acceptable ranking ability. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between DHD2015-index scores derived from two repeated Eetscore FFQs (on average 3.8-month interval, n=343) was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.89, 0.93) suggesting a very good reproducibility. In conclusion, the Eetscore FFQ was considered acceptable in ranking participants according to their diet quality compared with the full-length FFQ and showed good to excellent reproducibility.

scholarly journals PRESIDENTIAL SYMPOSIUM: HARNESSING SOCIAL NETWORKS TO OPTIMIZE ENVIRONMENTAL CONTEXTS FOR DIVERSE AGING EXPERIENCES

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S583-S583
Author(s):  
Philip A Rozario ◽  
Emily Greenfield ◽  
Nancy Kusmaul
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Senior Housing

Abstract Social networks provide opportunities for engagement with others and structure the receipt and provision of emotional, instrumental, informational and appraisal support. Indeed scholars in this field have documented the importance of having strong social networks in influencing older adults’ well-being and quality of life. The three papers in this symposium draw on the convoy model of social relations and ecological model to examine and better understand the micro, mezzo, macro contexts that shape and influence how older people engage with and benefit from their networks in three areas: low-income senior housing communities, urban areas specifically targeting older Latinos with dementia, and disaster preparedness in micropolitan counties in eastern Iowa. The first paper, a cross-sectional study focusing on social connections in senior housing communities, examines levels of social networks, engagement, support and loneliness and their relationship with well-being outcomes. The second paper, a community-based participatory research project, reports an intervention that seeks to train natural helpers in a predominantly Latino urban neighborhood to identify and refer older Latinos with dementia to bilingual assessment services. The third paper, synthesizing findings from interventions targeting network building at the individual and state levels as well as a community-based network analysis, presents ways to strengthen networks at the mezzo and macro levels as well as environmental contexts that enable better disaster preparedness for community-based older adults. These papers will consider practice, policy and research implications in strengthening social networks and engagement to optimize older adults’ well-being in various settings.

scholarly journals Industry use of ‘better-for-you’ features on labels of sugar-containing beverages

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (18) ◽  
pp. 3335-3343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aimee L Brownbill ◽  
Caroline L Miller ◽  
Annette J Braunack-Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Content ◽  
Grocery Stores ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sports Drinks ◽  
Natural Energy ◽  
The Mean

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the ways in which sugar-containing beverages are being portrayed as ‘better-for-you’ (BFY) via features on product labels.DesignCross-sectional audit of beverage labels.SettingAdelaide, Australia. Data on beverage labels were collected from seventeen grocery stores during September to November 2016.SubjectsThe content of 945 sugar-containing beverages labels were analysed for explicit and implicit features positioning them as healthy or BFY.ResultsThe mean sugar content of beverages was high at 8·3 g/100 ml and most sugar-containing beverages (87·7 %) displayed features that position them as BFY. This was most commonly achieved by indicating the beverages are natural (76·8 %), or contain reduced or natural energy/sugar content (48·4 %), or through suggesting that they contribute to meeting bodily needs for nutrition (28·9 %) or health (15·1 %). Features positioning beverages as BFY were more common among certain categories of beverages, namely coconut waters, iced teas, sports drinks and juices.ConclusionsA large proportion of sugar-containing beverages use features on labels that position them as healthy or BFY despite containing high amounts of sugar.

scholarly journals Availability, quality and price of produce in low-income neighbourhood food stores in California raise equity issues

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 1639-1648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendi Gosliner ◽  
Daniel M Brown ◽  
Betty C Sun ◽  
Gail Woodward-Lopez ◽  
Patricia B Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Grocery Stores ◽  
Local Health ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Supplemental Nutrition ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Assistance Program ◽  
Food Stores ◽  
Convenience Stores ◽  
Nutrition Assistance

AbstractObjectiveTo assess produce availability, quality and price in a large sample of food stores in low-income neighbourhoods in California.DesignCross-sectional statewide survey.SettingBetween 2011 and 2015, local health departments assessed store type, WIC (Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children)/SNAP (Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program) participation, produce availability, quality and price of selected items in stores in low-income neighbourhoods. Secondary data provided reference chain supermarket produce prices matched by county and month.tTests and ANOVA examined differences by store type; regression models examined factors associated with price.SubjectsLarge grocery stores (n231), small markets (n621) and convenience stores (n622) in 225 neighbourhoods.ResultsProduce in most large groceries was rated high quality (97 % of fruits, 98 % of vegetables), but not in convenience stores (25 % fruits, 14 % vegetables). Small markets and convenience stores participating in WIC and/or SNAP had better produce availability, variety and quality than non-participating stores. Produce prices across store types were, on average, higher than reference prices from matched chain supermarkets (27 % higher in large groceries, 37 % higher in small markets, 102 % higher in convenience stores). Price was significantly inversely associated with produce variety, adjusting for quality, store type, and SNAP and WIC participation.ConclusionsThe study finds that fresh produce is more expensive in low-income neighbourhoods and that convenience stores offer more expensive, poorer-quality produce than other stores. Variety is associated with price and most limited in convenience stores, suggesting more work is needed to determine how convenience stores can provide low-income consumers with access to affordable, high-quality produce. WIC and SNAP can contribute to the solution.

Promoting access to fresh fruits and vegetables through a local market intervention at a subway station

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (17) ◽  
pp. 3258-3270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Chaput ◽  
Geneviève Mercille ◽  
Louis Drouin ◽  
Yan Kestens
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Subway Station ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Market Intervention ◽  
Alternative Food Sources ◽  
Physical Access

AbstractObjectiveAlternative food sources (AFS) such as local markets in disadvantaged areas are promising strategies for preventing chronic disease and reducing health inequalities. The present study assessed how sociodemographic characteristics, physical access and fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption are associated with market use in a newly opened F&V market next to a subway station in a disadvantaged neighbourhood.DesignTwo cross-sectional surveys were conducted among adults: (i) on-site, among shoppers who had just bought F&V and (ii) a telephone-based population survey among residents living within 1 km distance from the market.SettingOne neighbourhood in Montreal (Canada) with previously limited F&V offerings.SubjectsRespectively, 218 shoppers and 335 residents completed the on-site and telephone-based population surveys.ResultsAmong shoppers, 23 % were low-income, 56 % did not consume enough F&V and 54 % did not have access to a car. Among all participants living 1 km from the market (n472), market usage was associated (OR; 95 % CI) with adequate F&V consumption (1·86; 1·10, 3·16), living closer to the market (for distance: 0·86; 0·76, 0·97), having the market on the commute route (2·77; 1·61, 4·75) and not having access to a car (2·96; 1·67, 5·26).ConclusionsWhen implemented in strategic locations such as transport hubs, AFS like F&V markets offer a promising strategy to improve F&V access among populations that may be constrained in their food acquisition practices, including low-income populations and those relying on public transportation.

scholarly journals The impact of stroke on people living in central Uganda: A descriptive study

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julius T. Kamwesiga ◽  
Lena K. Von Kock ◽  
Gunilla M. Eriksson ◽  
Susanne G.E. Guidetti
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Hand Function ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Mulago Hospital ◽  
Stroke Severity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

Background: Knowledge about perceived impact of stroke on everyday life as well as rehabilitation needs after stroke in Uganda is necessary to identify and develop rehabilitation interventions.Objectives: To explore and describe clinical characteristics and functioning during the acute or subacute phase and chronic phase, as well as the impact of stroke on everyday life during the chronic phase in stroke survivors in central Uganda.Method: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on a consecutively included acute or subacute (n = 58) sample and a chronic (n = 62) sample. Face-to-face interviews were conducted to collect demographic information and clinical characteristics. The Scandinavian Stroke Scale (SSS) was used to collect clinical characteristics, assess neurological impairment and define stroke severity. The Barthel Index was used to assess the level of dependence in activities of daily living. In addition, the Stroke Impact Scale (SIS) 3.0 Uganda version was used to assess the impact of stroke in everyday life as perceived by the individuals in the chronic sample receiving rehabilitation.Results: The mean age of the acute/subacute sample was 49 years and 81% had moderate or severe stroke. The mean age of the chronic rehabilitation group was 53 years and 58% had mild stroke. Time since onset in the acute sample was between 2 days and 3 weeks, and time since onset for the chronic sample varied between 3 months and 3 years. Strength, hand function and participation were the most impacted SIS domains in the chronic sample.Conclusion: People with severe and moderate stroke were more likely to be admitted to Mulago Hospital. The mean age in the study sample was lower than that in high-income countries. Further knowledge is needed regarding the impact of stroke to develop guidelines for stroke rehabilitation interventions feasible in the Ugandan healthcare context in both rural and urban areas.

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