scholarly journals Noise Indicators for Size Distributions of Airborne Particles and Traffic Activities in Urban Areas

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Jeon ◽  
Joo Hong ◽  
Sung Kim ◽  
Ki-Hyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Particle Number ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Submicron Particles ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Noise Data ◽  
Noise Frequency

The aim of this study was to explore the relationships among the particle number concentration (PNC), noise, and traffic conditions. Field measurements were conducted to measure the temporal variabilities of the noise levels and PNC over 24 h in a location adjacent to three main traffic roads in Seoul, Korea. The PNC was measured in the range of 0.3 to 10 µm. The noise data was measured by utilizing both the overall levels and spectral characteristics. Traffic data including volumes and speeds of vehicles on the roads were also collected. The results showed that the correlations among the three key parameters varied depending on changes in the noise frequency and particle size. The noise levels at 100–200 Hz were positively correlated with traffic volume and submicron particles. In contrast, they exhibited inverse correlations with the traffic speed and the number of larger particles (>2.5 µm). Compared to noise levels at 100–200 Hz, noise levels at 1–2 kHz exhibited reverse relationships between the traffic and PNC. Submicron particles (0.3–1.0 µm) tended to be more strongly associated with noise levels during the daytime, while those greater than 2.5 µm maintained relatively stable correlations with the noise throughout the day. The findings address the importance of temporal and spectral-specific monitoring of air and noise pollutants for a better understanding of the exposure of the community to air and noise pollution.

Approaches to Urban Noise Management in India

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neelima S. Naik
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Urban Noise ◽  
Master Plans ◽  
The Past ◽  
Metropolitan Cities

Noise pollution in urban areas is recognized as a major environmental concern in India. The lack of infrastructure and fast paced life in major metropolitan cities of India has made the urban environment extremely crowded, busy as well as noisy and as a result the millions of people living in the major metropolitan areas are suffering from the impacts of noise pollution. Noise levels are escalating at such a rate that it has become a major threat to the quality of human lives. Direct links between noise and health have been established by research conducted over the past few decades. There are several causes for urban degradation such as population migration, environmental considerations not adequately being incorporated into master plans, uncoordinated and haphazard development, weak implementation of plans and laws and inadequate institutional competences and resource crunch. This paper discusses the causal factors, impacts and the different approaches adopted by the Central Government as well as some major State Pollution Control Boards to curb the urban noise problem and the need for looking into non-conventional solutions such as Ecocity programme to bring in visible environmental improvement.

scholarly journals Accuracy of the Dynamic Acoustic Map in a Large City Generated by Fixed Monitoring Units

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Benocci ◽  
Chiara Confalonieri ◽  
Hector Eduardo Roman ◽  
Fabio Angelini ◽  
Giovanni Zambon
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Large City ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Life Project ◽  
Noise Data ◽  
Comparable Accuracy ◽  
Monitoring Stations

DYNAMAP, a European Life project, aims at giving a real image of the noise generated by vehicular traffic in urban areas developing a dynamic acoustic map based on a limited number of low-cost permanent noise monitoring stations. The system has been implemented in two pilot areas located in the agglomeration of Milan (Italy) and along the Motorway A90 (Rome-Italy). The paper reports the final assessment of the system installed in the pilot area of Milan. Traffic noise data collected by the monitoring stations, each one representative of a number of roads (groups) sharing similar characteristics (e.g., daily traffic flow), are used to build-up a “real-time” noise map. In particular, we focused on the results of the testing campaign (21 sites distributed over the pilot area and 24 h duration of each recording). It allowed evaluating the accuracy and reliability of the system by comparing the predicted noise level of DYNAMAP with field measurements in randomly selected sites. To this end, a statistical analysis has been implemented to determine the error associated with such prediction, and to optimize the system by developing a correction procedure aimed at keeping the error below some acceptable threshold. The steps and the results of this procedure are given in detail. It is shown that it is possible to describe a complex road network on the basis of a statistical approach, complemented by empirical data, within a threshold of 3 dB provided that the traffic flow model achieves a comparable accuracy within each single groups of roads in the network.

scholarly journals Noise Pollution in Urban Residential Environments: Evidence from Students’ Hostels in Awka, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-62
Author(s):  
Nicholas OBI ◽  
◽  
Joy Sylvia OBI ◽  
Eziyi IBEM ◽  
Dickson NWALUSI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Noise Sources ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Sound Barriers ◽  
Level Meter ◽  
Area Data

Noise pollution and its concomitant effects on humans and environment has reached dangerous levels in many urban areas across the world. However, very little is known about the sources and effects of noise pollution within students’ hostels in a developing country like Nigeria. This study investigated urban noise pollution in residential neighbourhoods, using the Nnamdi Azikiwe University students’ off-campus accommodation in Awka, southeast Nigeria as the study area. Data were obtained through measurements of noise levels using sound level meter and by conducting a survey to gather feedback from 260 students in the study area. Descriptive statistics and Chi-Square tests were used to analyse the data; the results revealed mean noise levels of 89.8 dB(A) and 46.9 dB(A) during noisy and quiet periods, respectively. The main sources of noise were portable electricity generators, vehicular traffic and loudspeakers used by students and business operators; they were found to have deleterious effects such as low tolerance, headache, anger, lack of concentration and low productivity on the students. The study concludes by noting that to effectively minimize the effects of noise pollution within urban residential neighbourhoods in the study area and beyond, architects and urban planners should engage in proper land use zoning and the application of sound absorbing materials on walls and locating balconies of residential buildings away from noise sources. In addition, vegetation belts and sound barriers of earth mounds or wood, metal or concrete could also be constructed between the sources of noise and residential buildings, especially in the case of roadside communities.

Determination of the Best Areas Behind the Noise Barriers with the Highest Performance by using a Mathematical Model

2020 ◽  
pp. 2150015
Author(s):  
M. R. Monazzam ◽  
N. Mansouri ◽  
Hamidreza Pouragha ◽  
Mahsa Naserpour
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Center Frequency ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
Noise Barriers ◽  
Destructive Effect ◽  
Indirect Path ◽  
Noise Frequency

Traffic noise barriers are one of the most important ways of environmental noise pollution control. Profiled barriers are one of the most successful noise control screens. A simple mathematical model representation of the zones behind rigid and absorbent barriers with the highest insertion loss using the destructive effect of the indirect path via barrier image is introduced. The results are compared with the results of a verified two-dimensional (2D) BEM in a wide field behind those barriers. Field measurements for the model near a highway in a megacity were also tested. A very good agreement between the results has been achieved. In this method, effective height is used for any different profile barrier. Since the highway dominant noise frequency was found to be at 125 Hz 1/3-octave band center frequency, the presented model in this study showed that the best place for installing a T-shaped barrier is 10.5[Formula: see text]m from the target receiver. The introduced model is very simple and fast and could be used for choosing the best location of profiled barriers to achieve the highest performance with no additional cost.

scholarly journals Impact of Air Transport on the Noise Level in the City of Burgas

2019 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 04003
Author(s):  
Stela Todorova ◽  
Kaloyan Haralampiev
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Noise Level ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
The City

Aviation, as every type of transport, is responsible for a number of negative external effects to the environment. The main goal of this study is to reveal the relation between the noise level in the urban areas near to the Burgas airport and the air traffic. Our main research tasks are: to make a literature review of the problem; to gather data for the noise levels; to gather data for the air traffic; to choose relevant statistical methods and models for the revealing of the relation between the noise level and air traffic; to draw conclusions and to make recommendations about the noise pollution in the vicinity of Burgas Airport. The data are on monthly basis and cover the period from January 2015 to December 2017, i.e. 36 months. In our regression model we use three traffic indicators as independent variables: aircraft movements; passengers and freight. In the established regression model we introduce ‘the time’ as an additional factor, which provides concrete practical advantages. Our results show that two independent variables (aircraft movements and freight) affect the Twenty-four hours average equivalent level of noise due to flights. Aircraft movements are the most important factor and we expect their increasing in the future. This will lead to increased noise levels.

Noise pollution in old and new urban fabric with focus on traffic flow

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad R Monazzam ◽  
Vahideh Abolhasannejad ◽  
Bibi Narjes Moasheri ◽  
Vahid Abolhasannejad ◽  
Hamid Kardanmoghaddam
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Urban Fabric ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Mean

Noise pollution is considered as one of the effective factors affecting people’s quality of life in urban areas throughout the world. Traffic is a major source of noise in urban areas with wide ranging effects on human. The present study aims to determine the mean of noise levels in old and new urban fabric and their relationship with the traffic flow. Acoustic survey was performed during one week in each month of the summer in assigned stations. In this investigation, using a sound level meter and BS 7445-1-2003, BS 7445-3-1991, Leq10 min was measured and the percentage of highly annoyed people was estimated. The data were analyzed by using statistical tests and SPSS software. The results show that the mean of noise levels measured in all stations during the three months of the summer was higher than the standard limit. The relationship between the mean of noise level and the traffic flow in areas in new fabric was significant but not in those in old fabric. Higher rates of noise pollution in old fabrics and lack of significant relationship with the traffic flow in those points show that noise pollution can be reduced in the city to a great extent by considering effective traffic rules, widening crowded streets, and improving those conditions that govern urbanization. Of course, the amount of the porosity of asphalt, bumpy streets, and even technical defect of motor vehicles should not be ignored.

Calibration of an on-board noise measuring device by simultaneous measurements of trackside noise of three different wheelsets for the ETR500 FS train

1997 ◽  
Vol 211 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Bracciali ◽  
L Ciuffi ◽  
R Ciuffi
Keyword(s):  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Railway Vehicle ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Wheel Surface ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Laboratory Calibration ◽  
Noise Measurements ◽  
Noise Data ◽  
Rolling Noise

An on-board device for bolting to the axlebox of a railway vehicle or locomotive to measure rolling noise close to the wheel surface has been developed by the authors (1, 2). Even though laboratory calibration and test runs have shown that the measured noise data are consistent, there was no way to prove that they were in accordance with the on-ground measured ones. Italian State Railways (FS) have performed tests with different wheelsets to evaluate the efficiency of several noise-reduction solutions; during these tests it was possible to repeat noise measurements on-board, therefore obtaining a sufficient amount of data to calibrate the device and to analyse in detail the behaviour of such wheelsets. Calculated calibration constants prove that on-board measured data can be used with confidence to estimate noise levels at several distances from the track, thereby reducing the necessity of long and expensive on-ground tests to measure environmental noise pollution.

An Experimental Study of the Noise Due to Traffic in a Congested Urban Area

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (01) ◽  
pp. 1650010
Author(s):  
M. Sangeetha ◽  
P. Sankar
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Noise Level ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Drastic Increase ◽  
Wireless Medium ◽  
Noise Data

Noise pollution in an urban environment is an issue of serious concern in the major cities of India. There are various factors that contribute to the increase of noise levels in urban areas. The intensity of traffic is one of the factors which contributes to a drastic increase in environmental noise. The management of noise pollution has to be considered in the decision making process. In this paper, an attempt is made to study the existing noise level due to the traffic in Velachery which is declared as a sensitive area by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (MoEF). The noise level data is collected using the MS6710 digital sound meter. The Custic simulation software version 3.2 is used for finding the propagation of noise. The spatial patterns of measurement were also calculated, in the sub-urban area of Velachery, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India. A means of transmitting this data to vehicles moving in the area, through a wireless medium is simulated using NCTUns 6.0 (network simulator), to enable drivers to understand the environmental conditions. A hardware was also designed which can be used to transmit and receive the noise data using the Zigbee module. A noise transmitting station is placed at a junction, so that it can transmit this noise data to the receivers which are fitted inside the vehicles.

scholarly journals A Study of Some of the Indicators of Noise Pollution in Certain Residential Districts in Fallujah City

2021 ◽  
pp. 2571-2579
Author(s):  
Ahmed H. Ali ◽  
Mohammed M. Abed ◽  
Berivan H. Mahdi ◽  
Wassan D. Hussain ◽  
Aisar M. Mohaisen
Keyword(s):  
Noise Level ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Daily Average ◽  
Main Streets

     The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of noise exposure in certain residential districts in Fallujah city. Twenty-nine stations were selected and divided into two groups; the first group was located 50 to 100 metres from the main streets (quiet areas), whilst the second was located directly on the main streets. Noise levels were measured at a rate of three readings per station for different time periods for approximately sixty days in the year 2020. Mean values were taken in both the morning and evening using a portable sound level meter (Auto range, RS-232). The highest noise level was measured at Alforkan station for the morning reading (83.8 dB) within the second group, while the lowest noise level was measured at Alshohada alawla district station for the morning reading (63.2 dB) within the first group. As for the results of the daily noise level in the evening, the highest daily average (79.4 dB) was measured at Jaish al Shabi street, while the lowest daily average (56.4 dB) was at Dor Alsekak district. The total average noise levels for the morning measurements for the first and second groups were 66.7 dB and 77.2 dB, respectively, whereas those for evening measurements were 65.3 dB and 71.7 dB, respectively. According to field measurements, the average values for the noise (traffic) for the first and second groups in the morning and afternoon exceeded 68 dB, which may cause people to feel very disturbed according to the WHO guidelines on exposure to external environmental noise. In general, all the results measured in this study are above the limits allowed both locally and internationally. This is due to certain erroneous practices in daily activities in addition to the irregular spread of electric generators and commercial activities as well as heavy traffic in the city.

scholarly journals An Assessment of Noise Levels in Sylhet City Corporation, Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Md. Sultan Mahmud ◽  
Rony Basak
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Noise Level ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
World Health ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The City

Noise pollution is a silent villain as it’s quite easy for being ignored by us. Urban areas are more exposed to this deadly agenda as the density of population and their belongings are excessive in there. This study differentiated noise levels of Sylhet City Corporation, a growing city of Bangladesh into different types according to the land use purpose of the city like residential, silent etc. One hundred and sixty-eight noise level readings, taken at 14 different positions during the morning, afternoon, evening, and night of selective weekdays which are categorized as busy days, typical days and weekends were utilized for this research. Results put the average noise level readings in the city centers at between 45 dB(A) and 95 dB (A), dissented from the permissible limits of the World Health Organization (WHO) as well as national standardization organization: Department of Environment (DOE) in all the land use types, with the highest noise pollution levels recorded for transportation, commercial and silent typed areas. The result of the one-way ANOVA test completed where the dependent variable was noise and the independent variable was land use types uncovers a factually huge mean noise levels over the study area (F (4,115) = 9.52, p = 1.1079). Tukey’s HSD method also carried away which showed the uneven difference of noise levels between the land types. The study represents noise pollution auditing, and the immediate needs to control urban noise pollution with convenient and effective policies some of which is recommended at the end of the study.

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