scholarly journals Estimation and Analysis of Energy Conservation and Emissions Reduction Effects of Warm-Mix Crumb Rubber-Modified Asphalts during Construction Period

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing-Zhou Wang ◽  
Zhan-Di Chen ◽  
Kuo-Ping Lin ◽  
Ching-Hsin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Emissions Reduction ◽  
Conservation Assessment ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Waste Tires ◽  
Production Stages

In order to solve the serious environmental problems caused by the rapid increase in the number of waste tires and unproper storage of waste tires, modifying the asphalt mix for roadway pavement by adding rubber crumb from recycled waste tires is one of the highly effective approach to solve the problem and can achieve the sustainable use of rubber resources. The application of warm-mix crumb rubber-modified asphalt (CRMA) overcomes some issues of the hot-mix CRMA, such as high temperature and high energy consumption. However, there is a lack of estimation methodology for the energy conservation and emission reduction during the production process of warm-mix CRMA. This study develops the estimation models for the evaluation of energy conservation and emissions reduction during different production stages of waste rubber powder, asphalt, CRMA, hot-mix CRMA, and warm-mix CRMA. A list for gas emissions during the mixing and paving process of CRMA mixtures was established through the simulated mixing measurement and paving site measurement. The results show that for each metric ton of CRMA mixture produced, warm mixing can reduce energy consumption by 18~36% and decrease gas emissions during different stages by 15~87% compared to hot mixing. The Evotherm warm-mix CRMA mixture with DAT as warm mix agent (Ev-DAT warm-mix CRMA mixture) is more energy-efficient by saving approximately 108.56 MJ of energy and reducing gas emissions during mixing and paving by at least 32% and 73%, respectively. This model can improves the technical standard of warm-mix CRMA and the energy conservation assessment.

Application of Cleaner Production Audit in Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction in the Beer Brewing Industry

2014 ◽  
Vol 556-562 ◽  
pp. 837-840
Author(s):  
Jin Quan Yu ◽  
Yun Zhang ◽  
Shu Shen Zhang ◽  
Xue Li
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Cleaner Production ◽  
Emissions Reduction ◽  
Brewing Industry ◽  
Beer Brewing ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
High Pollution ◽  
High Energy Consumption

The brewing industry is typically high pollution and energy consumption industry, the pollutant makes huge impact to the environment. It is necessary to reduce the energy consumption and emissions in the brewing industry. In this paper, based on the cleaner production (CP) audit of a beer brewing enterprise in Dalian, both the sources of the main pollutant and the reason of high energy consumption was analyzed. 3 medium/high CP projects and 4 none/low CP projects were carried out through technology and management improvement. By cleaner production audit, water consumption and sewage emissions can be reduced by 375 thousand tons and 350 thousand tons per year. Beer loss reduction ratio was 0.1%,energy can be totally saved by 3325 tons per year. The aims of energy conservation, energy and emissions reduction can be absolutely accomplished.

Research on Synthesis, Characterization and CO2 Absorption of Functional Room Temperature Ionic Liquids

2020 ◽  
Vol 984 ◽  
pp. 189-194
Author(s):  
Zhi Min Sun ◽  
Bing Li
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Blast Furnace Gas

Iron and steel making is an industry with high energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. The work is to carry out the CO2 capture experimental study as background of the blast furnace gas, increase the calorific value of the blast furnace gas and reduce greenhouse gas emissions and the energy consumption of CO2 gas in the follow-up process cycle. In this paper, according to the principle of acid base neutralization, [EDA]L and [EDA]P contained amino ionic liquids are synthesized in ice water bath condition, which is made from lactic acid, formic acid and ethylenediamine. The synthesis process was explored, the viscosity and infrared spectroscopy of synthetic ionic liquid were characterized, the boiling point of ionic liquids were calculated, CO2 absorption experiments were carried out under normal temperature and pressure. The results indicate that the compositions are ionic liquids having target structures and the maximum molar absorption of ionic liquid to CO2 reaches 0.45 mol.

scholarly journals Application and Evaluation of Energy Conservation Technologies in Wastewater Treatment Plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (21) ◽  
pp. 4501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongteng Sun ◽  
Ming Lu ◽  
Yongjun Sun ◽  
Zuguo Chen ◽  
Hao Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
System Optimization ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Application Process ◽  
Conservation Technologies

High energy consumption is an important issue affecting the operation and development of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). This paper seeks energy-saving opportunities from three aspects: energy application, process optimization, and performance evaluation. Moreover, effective energy-saving can be achieved from the perspective of energy supply and recovery by using green energy technologies, including wastewater and sludge energy recovery technologies. System optimization and control is used to reduce unnecessary energy consumption in operation. Reasonable indexes and methods can help researchers evaluate the application value of energy-saving technology. Some demonstration WWTPs even can achieve energy self-sufficiency by using these energy conservation technologies. Besides, this paper introduces the challenges faced by the wastewater treatment industry and some emerging energy-saving technologies. The work can give engineers some suggestions about reducing energy consumption from comprehensive perspectives.

scholarly journals Energy Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions During Ferromolybdenum Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-112
Author(s):  
Wenjing Wei ◽  
Peter B. Samuelsson ◽  
Anders Tilliander ◽  
Rutger Gyllenram ◽  
Pär G. Jönsson
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Copper Mining ◽  
Ghg Emission ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Production Stages ◽  
Ore Grade

AbstractMolybdenum is mainly used as an alloy material in the iron and steel industry and typically in the form of ferromolybdenum (FeMo). The current study aims to evaluate the energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) of four ferromolybdenum production cases using inventory inputs from a process model based on mass and energy conservations. The total energy required for producing 1 tonne of FeMo can vary between 29.1 GJ/t FeMo and 188.6 GJ/t FeMo. Furthermore, the corresponding GHG emissions differ from 3.16 tCO2-eq/t FeMo to 14.79 tCO2-eq/t FeMo. The main variances are from the mining and beneficiation stages. The differences in these stages come from the beneficiation degree (ore grade) and the mine type (i.e., co-product from copper mining). Furthermore, the mine type has a larger impact on the total energy consumption and GHG emissions than the beneficiation degree. More specifically, FeMo produced as co-product from copper mining has a lower environmental impact measured as the energy consumption and GHG emission among all the four cases. The inventory, consumed energy or associated GHG emission is independent on the initial ore grade and mine type in the downstream production stages such as roasting and smelting. Also, transport has the least impact on the energy consumption and GHG emission among all production stages.

scholarly journals A Novel Reconstruction Approach to Elevator Energy Conservation Based on a DC Micro-Grid in High-Rise Buildings

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongming Zhang ◽  
Zhe Yan ◽  
Feng Yuan ◽  
Jiawei Yao ◽  
Bao Ding
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Storage Devices ◽  
Storage Devices ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Field Data Collection ◽  
Micro Grid ◽  
Save Energy

Elevators were reported to cause an important part of building energy consumption. In general, each elevator has two operation states: The load state and power regeneration state. During operation, it has the potential to save energy by using regeneration power efficiently. In existing research, a set of energy storage devices are installed for every elevator, which is highly costly. In this paper, an energy conservation approach for elevators based on a direct current (DC) micro-grid is proposed, which has better economy. Then, an innovative energy-efficient device for the elevator group is designed based on a supercapacitor with similar characteristics and lifetimes. In a high-rise building case study, the experimental test and field data collection show that the innovative approach could result in a high energy efficiency within 15.87–23.1% and 24.1–54.5%, respectively. It is expected that the proposed method and designed device could be employed practically, saving energy consumption for elevator reconstruction.

Study and Analysis of an Electrical Energy Saving Strategies and Gas Emissions Reduction for a Private Hospital Building in Yemen

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-96
Author(s):  
عبد الجليل علي العبيدي
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Private Hospital ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Load Ratio ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Air Conditioners ◽  
Set Point ◽  
Hospital Building

Hospital buildings consume high energy more than other buildings in the commercial buildings sector as there is a continuous demand for power  supplies. Energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions can be reduced in the buildings sector by using various energy saving methods. In this study, on-sight visiting for energy audit has been conducted at a private hospital in Sana’a - Yemen to record all data relevant to energy consumption by equipment, machines, and all other mechanical systems. Different energy saving scenarios were using to estimate the potential of energy saving such as using high-efficiency lighting devices, raising the thermostat set point temperature for air conditioners, using high-efficiency motors (HEM) with a different load ratio, and using variable speed motors (VSM). Results indicated that energy consumption for the hospital was 4,061.8 Megawatthourper year whereas energy intensity was 232 kWh/m2. It is found that about 150.32 megawatt-hours of annual energy saving is achieved by using HEM and 689.72 Megawatt-hour per year by raising the set point of air conditioners thermostat to 26 °C. In addition, 1513 megawatt-hours per year of energy can be saved by reducing the VSM speed to 60% whereas95.8 megawatt-hours per year is estimated by adopting 100% load of HEM. The economic study of energy saving strategies was found that the use of HEM is not economically viable, while the use of VSM with large capacity motors is better from economic and environmental points of view. Keywords: Hospital building, energy consumption, Energy index, Energy saving, Emission reduction

scholarly journals Energy Conservation Analysis and Control of Hybrid Active Semiactive Suspension with Three Regulating Damping Levels

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Chen ◽  
Dehua Shi ◽  
Ruochen Wang ◽  
Huawei Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Shock Absorber ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Mode Decision ◽  
Linear Quadratic ◽  
Suspension Control ◽  
Lqr Controller ◽  
Semiactive Suspension

Active suspension has not been popularized for high energy consumption. To address this issue, this paper introduces the concept of a new kind of suspension. The linear motor is considered to be integrated into an adjustable shock absorber to form the hybrid active semiactive suspension (HASAS). To realize the superiority of HASAS, its energy consumption and regeneration mechanisms are revealed. And the system controller which is composed of linear quadratic regulator (LQR) controller, mode decision and switch controller, and the sliding mode control based thrust controller is developed. LQR controller is designed to maintain the suspension control objectives, while mode decision and switch controller decides the optimal damping level to tune motor thrust. The thrust controller ensures motor thrust tracking. An adjustable shock absorber with three regulating levels to be used in HASAS is trial produced and tested to obtain its working characteristics. Finally, simulation analysis is made with the experimental three damping characteristics. The impacts of adjustable damping on the motor force and energy consumption are investigated. Simulation results demonstrate the advantages of HASAS in energy conservation with various suspension control objectives. Even self-powered active control and energy regenerated to the power source can be realized.

Studies on Ecological Design Strategies of Greening of Building External Wall

2011 ◽  
Vol 224 ◽  
pp. 192-197
Author(s):  
Jing Wu ◽  
Hao Xie
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
External Wall ◽  
Building Energy Conservation

Building energy conservation has become the worldwide tendency since the mid-1970s. The Theory of Sustainable Development raised in 1990s as well as the deterioration of ecological environment made the building energy conservation became the international focus all over the world. China is a country with high energy consumption and large population and the percentage of its building energy consumption has reached about 25% on total energy consumption. The energy conservation condition of building external wall is one of the direct influencing factors of thermal comfort of indoor environment. However, greening is a kind of natural sunshade of the nature. The key to the study is how to improve the temperature of building walls and thermal comfort of indoor environment by the way of greening sunshade of external walls.

Consideration on Issues about Study of Building Energy Conservation

2011 ◽  
Vol 255-260 ◽  
pp. 1348-1352
Author(s):  
Wei Hua Zhang ◽  
Jia Ping Liu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Thermal Engineering ◽  
Technical Standards ◽  
Building Energy Conservation ◽  
Set Up ◽  
High Energy Consumption

The study and design of energy conservation has gradually become a hot and key issue in architecture. One of the core contents of such concepts as green architecture, ecological architecture, sustainable architecture, organic architecture is how to reduce high energy consumption of buildings. The study of building energy conservation has been carried out in subjects of architectural thermal engineering and energy conservation for almost 30 years. The central and local governments have set up special management agencies and departments of building energy conservation; building research institutes at all levels and numerous universities have set up research institutions for study of building energy conservation and issued a series of policies and regulations and technical standards, which received an enthusiastic response from industrial circles and have produced tens of billions of production. However, more than 95% of the existing buildings and more than 80% of new buildings of China belong to those with high energy consumption. The paper tries to interpret the deep reason of the phenomenon from the aspects of society, technology, etc. for discussion of researchers in the field of architectural thermal engineering and energy conservation.

scholarly journals Energy Flows and Carbon Footprint in the Forestry-Pulp and Paper Industry

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingjian Zhao ◽  
Sheng Ding ◽  
Zuomin Wen ◽  
Anne Toppinen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Pulp And Paper Industry ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Energy Flows ◽  
Material Transportation

In the context of global climate change, energy conservation and greenhouse effect gases (GHG) reduction are major challenges to mankind. The forestry-pulp and paper industry is a typical high energy consumption and high emission industry. We conducted in-depth research on the energy flows and carbon footprint of the forestry-pulp paper industry. The results show that: (1) The main sources of energy supply include external fossil fuel coal and internal biomass fuel black liquor, which supply 30,057,300 GJ and 14,854,000 GJ respectively; in addition, the energy produced by diesel in material transportation reaches 11,624,256 GJ. (2) The main energy consumption processes include auxiliary engineering projects, material transportation, papermaking, alkali recovery, pulping and other production workshops. The percentages of energy consumption account for 26%, 18%, 15%, 10% and 6%, respectively. (3) The main sources of carbon include coal and forest biomass, reaching 770,000 tons and 1.39 million tons, respectively. (4) Carbon emissions mainly occur in fuel combustion in combined heating and power (CHP) and diesel combustion in material transportation, reaching 6.78 million tons and 790,000 tons of carbon, respectively. (5) Based on steam and electricity consumption, the indirect carbon emissions of various thermal and electric energy production units were calculated, and the key energy consumption process units and hotspot carbon flow paths were further found. This research established a theoretical and methodological basis for energy conservation and emission reduction.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document