scholarly journals Sustainable Disaster and Safety Management of Government: Integrated Disaster and Safety Budget System in Korea

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 4267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo-Young Heo ◽  
Ji Park ◽  
Won-Ho Heo
Keyword(s):  
Classification System ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Budget Allocation ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Consultation System ◽  
Investment Priority ◽  
Improvement Programs

The budget for disaster and safety management can be characterized as a large-scale public asset in which the government has a significant role. However, this budget has been managed in a somewhat scattered and inconsistent manner by different government ministries, until the Sewol ferry incident in Korea 2014. After the Sewol incident, the Ministry of Public Safety and Security has introduced a prior consultation system for budget allocation in the field of disaster and safety management, so that the budget can be reviewed in a holistic manner, effectively managed, and invested according to agreeable priorities. This study introduces the prior consultation system for the budget in disaster and safety management, which has been implemented since 2015, analyzes budget allocation procedures, and provides possible solutions to improve the current status of the prior consultation system for classification and prioritization. (1) The issues that were found in the budget plans for the fiscal years of 2016 to 2017 are, firstly, unclear classification criteria that made it hard to differentiate much more disaster-related programs and projects from less-related ones. Secondly, investment priorities of projects and programs for disaster and safety management are controversial, due to the lack of objective standards and procedures. To firmly settle down the prior consultation system, several possible solutions to these two main issues are suggested. (2) To improve actual budget classification, the current classification system needs to be reviewed at first, and social issues will be analyzed to be included as a criterion and, finally, authors will propose additional criteria and items based on the Disaster and Safety Management Framework Act. In order to improve prioritization procedures for budget allocation, disaster damage and loss are compiled to find implications and other related prioritization practices, such as prioritization in natural disaster-prone area improvement programs, which need to be analyzed to provide suggestions on improvement in prioritization. Through the proposed improvement of the classification system, projects that are not related to disaster safety are not included in the disaster safety project. Projects that are deeply related to disaster safety can be further explored. It is also recommended that an investment direction be established in consideration of damage characteristics through the investment priority improvement plan, and that qualitative assessment criteria should be considered in the criteria for similar projects, and weights should be required. The improvement measures derived can be used as follows: the scale can be clearly identified by clarifying the subject of the disaster safety budget. This gives a sense of where investment is lacking, and where it is sufficient. Investment priority is reviewed in a variety of ways, preventing budgetary bias in advance. As a result, these two improvements enable efficient operation of the disaster safety budget.

scholarly journals Investment Priorities of the Budgets for Disaster and Safety Management Projects Based on Euclidean Distance with AHP

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-37
Author(s):  
Hyeonu Cho ◽  
Seungyong Choi
Keyword(s):  
Euclidean Distance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Investment Efficiency ◽  
Investment Priority ◽  
Property Losses ◽  
Annual Average Number ◽  
Hierarchy Process

The object of this study is to determine investment priorities for various types of disasters and accidents in order to promote the investment efficiency of disaster and safety management budgets. To this end, data were collected on 35 types of disasters and accidents and damage statistics for the five most recent years (2014-2018) from 43 disaster and safety management projects budgets. Factors are (ｉ) the damage status of overall disasters and accidents: annual average number of occurrences, human casualties, and property losses, and (ⅱ) the characteristics of large-scale events: occurrence cycle, human casualties per disaster, and property losses per disaster. Investment priority was determined using Euclidean distance with weights determined by the AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) to represent the current status of damage caused by disasters and accidents. As a result, storm⋅flood and maritime accidents were found to have greatest investment priority. Heat waves, heavy snows (including cold waves), infectious diseases, suicides, fires (including explosions), and accidents in vulnerable social groups show a higher ranking of investment priority. Massive investment in disaster and safety management focusing on these types is necessary.

Introduction of a new AAC symbol classification system: the multidimensional quaternary symbol continuum (MQSC)

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliada Pampoulou ◽  
Donald R. Fuller
Keyword(s):  
Peer Review ◽  
Classification System ◽  
Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Design Attributes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Current Classification ◽  
Symbol Classification

PurposeWhen the augmentative and alternative communication (ACC) model (Lloyd et al., 1990) was proposed, these components of symbols were not considered, nor were they contemplated when superordinate (Lloyd and Fuller, 1986) and subordinate levels (Fuller et al., 1992) of AAC symbol taxonomy were developed. The purpose of this paper is to revisit the ACC model and propose a new symbol classification system called multidimensional quaternary symbol continuum (MQSC)Design/methodology/approachThe field of AAC is evolving at a rapid rate in terms of its clinical, social, research and theoretical underpinnings. Advances in assessment and intervention methods, technology and social issues are all responsible to some degree for the significant changes that have occurred in the field of AAC over the last 30 years. For example, the number of aided symbol collections has increased almost exponentially over the past couple of decades. The proliferation of such a large variety of symbol collections represents a wide range of design attributes, physical attributes and linguistic characteristics for aided symbols and design attributes and linguistic characteristics for unaided symbols.FindingsTherefore, it may be time to revisit the AAC model and more specifically, one of its transmission processes referred to as the means to represent.Originality/valueThe focus of this theoretical paper then, is on the current classification of symbols, issues with respect to the current classification of symbols in terms of ambiguity of terminology and the evolution of symbols, and a proposal for a new means of classifying the means to represent.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon10.1108/JET-04-2021-0024

scholarly journals A Survey on the Current Status of Safety and Health and of Safety Management Levels among Korean Native Cattle Farms

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-54
Author(s):  
Insoo Kim ◽  
Kyung-Suk Lee ◽  
Hyo-Cher Kim ◽  
Hye-Seon Chae ◽  
Kyungsu Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Safety Management ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Native Cattle ◽  
Cattle Farms

scholarly journals The Sea Cucumber Holothuria (Halodeima) atra (Jager, 1833), in South Tarawa Lagoon (Republic of Kiribati): Environmental Variability, Population Biology and Fishing Pressure

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Teatim Tamaroa
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Population Biology ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Environmental Variability ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Fishing Pressure

<p>Holothuria atra or lollyfish is the most common sea cucumber in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. The current status of Holothria atra at 13 sites of South Tarawa lagoon (Republic of Kiribati) was established by using biological surveys and fishers' questionnaires. A preliminary investigation was conducted in order to assess how and why environmental variability and fishing pressure have affected the spatial and temporal distribution, mean abundant and mean size of this species at the sites. The 13 sites were selected randomly, and marked with a GPS on the map of South Tarawa. Sedimentary characteristics were determined for each site, and a qualitative assessment of sites health was made. Lollyfish length, biomass and abundance and transect density were calculated for each site. The weight of organic matter content and size of sediment sample were determined. Data were analysed using Kruskal-Walis (KW) and Repeated measures (RM) ANOVA tests. This thesis shows that the environmental variability could not offer reasons as to why the biological data of lollyfish varied from one site to another. However, other factors that were tested may explain the variation in biological data. Fishing pressure is one of those parameters that can regulate the lollyfish distribution and density and responses from local fishers indicate that fishing pressure is high and that the lollyfish resource is under considerable harvest pressure. Dissolved oxygen concentration in the water column and in the sediment may be also involved in the variation in lollyfish distribution and density but this was not tested. The findings of this research lead to a number of recommendations for the sustainable harvest of lollyfish in Tarawa lagoon. These include consideration of gear restrictions, lollyfish size and number limits, and the establishment of marine protected areas under co-management arrangements.</p>

scholarly journals Current Status and Challenges of Safety Education for Children, Including Those Requiring Medical Care, in Japanese General Schools: Focusing on Disasters

Children ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Tomoko Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Inclusive Education ◽  
School Safety ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
School Health ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Safety Education ◽  
The Government

This paper discusses school safety mainly in relation to safety education and examines measures for the comprehensive development of systems to ensure the safety of children at school, including those requiring medical care. The number of children requiring medical care is increasing in general schools following the promotion of inclusive education. The government of Japan has established the School Health and Safety Act and Guidelines on School Curricula. Municipalities have developed education systems that cover the safety education specified in disaster preparedness plans for schools. Safety education has been promoted through problem-oriented and experience-based methods as well as other methods of learning to date. Considering the outcomes of these systems and approaches, it is expected that safety management systems in schools, especially general schools that include children requiring medical care, will also develop in combination with safety education.

Comparison of Road Safety Management Systems of Local Governments using Indicators

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (12) ◽  
pp. 435-446
Author(s):  
Sangjin Han ◽  
Hyejin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road User ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Road Mortality ◽  
Safety Management Systems

More than two-thirds of road fatalities in the Republic of Korea (hereafter Korea) occur on roads managed by local governments. There is also a big difference in road traffic death rates between local governments. This study aims to develop indicators to evaluate the current status of road safety management systems (RSMS) of local governments, which can result in different road safety performance. The indicators for RSMS will be categorized into: institutional management, intervention, intermediate outcome, and final outcome. A comparison of those indicators will help local governments to identify the pros and cons of their RSMSs. It will also help to benchmark good practices of other local governments and eventually contribute to reducing the gap of road safety outcomes between local governments. Indicators have been developed for both quantitative and qualitative aspects. The former includes road mortality rates for various road user types and budgets for road safety, and the latter includes the existence of a road safety team and the level of cooperation between relevant organizations. The overall road safety score is calculated based on the weighted sum of the selected indicator scores. The weights are derived through the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). A comparison of developed indicators between local governments shows many local governments in Korea need to set up a responsible organization for road safety. This comparison will also provide useful information on how the central government can help local governments with low scores.

scholarly journals Concept of Computer Vision Based Algorithm for Detecting Thermal Anomalies in Reinforced Concrete Structures

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Michele De Filippo ◽  
Sasan Asadiabadi ◽  
Nigel Ko ◽  
Harris Sun
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Rc Buildings ◽  
Rc Structures ◽  
Thermal Anomalies ◽  
Beam Elements ◽  
Image Capturing ◽  
Thermal Infrared Anomalies

In Hong Kong, there is great abundancy of aged buildings and infrastructures for which a re-assessment of the current status is needed. Water exfiltrations/infiltrations, deteriorating insulations, thermal bridges and regions of failure are among the most recurrent symptoms to be found in existing Reinforced Concrete (RC) structures. Diagnosis of such symptoms, in the form of thermal infrared anomalies, is usually performed through infrared (IR) image capturing, followed by qualitative assessment. This paper presents a novel automated computer-vision-based method for detecting thermal anomalies. Such Computer-Vision (CV) algorithm is tested on different thermal scenarios including beam elements, roofs and entire façades of RC buildings. Thermal anomalies related to cases of water leakages, moisture trapping and debonding are successfully detected. The authors intend to undertake further research for successfully implementing the method for detecting also other thermal dissimilarities.

scholarly journals A Framework for Enhancing ICT Competency of Universities in Sri Lanka

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Champa Hewagamage ◽  
K. Priyantha Hewagamage
Keyword(s):  
Learning Environment ◽  
Knowledge Workers ◽  
Virtual Learning ◽  
Virtual Learning Environment ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Job Tasks ◽  
Main Components

In the current information society, the need for securing human resources acquired with ICT competency is becoming a significant factor. Information Communication Technology (ICT) competency describes more than awareness or driving license level of using computing facilities and networking services to carry out different tasks. Undergraduates of a university will become knowledge workers in the society and they should acquire the knowledge, skills and attitudes using the modern ICT technology to carry out their job tasks effectively. This paper presents the current status of ICT Competency in Sri Lankan Universities with respect to both the knowledge and skill requirements of knowledge workers in the job market. However, there are several obstacles are affecting this development and the paper discuss the qualitative assessment of these obstacles in detail. In this study, we propose a new framework for enhancing the ICT Competency among a large number of undergraduates in the University system. This framework consists of two main components namely Infrastructure Development and Virtual Learning Environment. In the component, Infrastructure Development new facilities are provided such as computers, networks and Internet facilities, human resource management and other support services in order to solve the problems identified. Under the Virtual Learning Environment, we propose three levels for undergraduates to address the curriculums of ICT competency. The first two levels are declared with respect to the common ICT Competency Certification and level 3 is declared considering special requirements of curriculum or subject streams.

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