scholarly journals A Study on Estimation Equation for Damage and Recovery Costs Considering Human Losses Focused on Natural Disasters in the Republic of Korea

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Song ◽  
Moo Park
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Wind Wave ◽  
Republic Of Korea ◽  
Heavy Snowfall ◽  
The Past ◽  
Damage Costs ◽  
Extreme Wind ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Human Losses

In this study, we conduct an estimation study of the damage costs, recovery costs, and human losses in the case of natural disasters in the Republic of Korea. This research method analyzed human losses, damage costs, and recovery costs caused by natural disasters that swept across the Republic of Korea over the past 16 years, from 2000 to 2015, including extreme wind, heavy snowfall, typhoon, wind wave, and heavy rainfall. Damage status and trend of occurrence were reviewed for each year’s human losses, damage costs, and recovery costs. We propose a calculating equation of the linear regression equation that estimates damage costs and recovery costs considering human losses. The correlation coefficient was 0.898 for the estimation of human losses and damage costs, and 0.889 for the estimation of human losses and recovery costs. In addition, the correlation of both equations was found to be 166% of damage costs when calculating recovery costs. The results of this study can be used as descriptive statistical data to estimate damage costs and recovery costs according to human losses in case of natural disasters.

scholarly journals Development of Damage Prediction Formula for Natural Disasters Considering Economic Indicators

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Seok Song ◽  
Moo Jong Park
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Prediction Formula ◽  
Damage Prediction ◽  
Damage Costs ◽  
National Economic ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Human Losses

Damage caused by natural disasters produces the difference of damage size not only according to damage volume or size, but a national economic level. In addition, budgets and aids should be constantly acquired for disaster management since natural disasters sporadically or irregularly occur. This study proposed disaster management methods by countries considering natural disaster damage documents and economic indicators from 1900 to 2017 among 187 countries in the world. It developed a damage prediction formula considering damage documents of previous natural disasters, economic indicators by countries, and basic indicators as disaster management methods by countries. Independent variables of the damage prediction formula include GDP, population, and area. It applied multiple regression analysis and calculated average human losses due to death, human losses affected, and damage costs by countries. Regarding the adjusted R² of the natural disaster damage prediction formula, the human losses from deaths mean was 0.893, the human losses affected mean was 0.915, and the damage costs mean was 0.946, which had higher explanatory powers. Therefore, results from this study are considered to calculate quantitative damage sizes considering uncertain damage sizes of natural disasters, economic indicators by countries, and are used as indicators for disaster management.

scholarly journals Urbanization processes in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia): the dynamics of key parameters (1989-2018)

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-81
Author(s):  
Anatolii Sergeevich Breslavskii
Keyword(s):  
Urban Population ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Sakha Republic ◽  
The Past ◽  
Type Settlement ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Demographic Growth

This article analyzes the key parameters of urbanization in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) on the background of urbanization processes in other republics in the East of Russia during the period from 1988 to 2018. Attention is paid to the dynamics of demographic development of the cities and workers’ settlements, changes in the structure of urban localities in the republic associated to abolishment of the settlements and turning them into the rural localities. The article also demonstrates which factors affected density or urban population in Yakutia, as well as analyzes the sources and vectors of continuing urbanization. The research leans on the extensive corpus of official statistical data on 11 cities and 67 urban-type settlements acquires based on the results of All-Union Census of 1989, Russian Censuses of 2002 and 2010, and special statistical examinations of Rosstat and its regional branck in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) conducted in 2011-2018. The conclusion is made on the overall deceleration of urbanization processes in the republic for the past 30 years. These changes were associated with restructuration of the regional industry, particularly reduction of urban-type settlement for 27 localities – from 67 to 40. At the same time, population of majority of the cities and settlements during the period from 1990 to 2018 was decreasing; however, the rapid demographic growth of Yakutsk partially compensated for these losses. It is concluded that urban population was concentrated mostly in the capital and its environs, as well as the largest cities of the republic – Neryungri, Mirny, Lensk and Aldan.

scholarly journals Study on Urban Spatial Pattern Based on DMSP/OLS and NPP/VIIRS in Democratic People’s Republic of Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 4879
Author(s):  
Luguang Jiang ◽  
Ye Liu ◽  
Si Wu ◽  
Cheng Yang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Republic Of Korea ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Urbanization Level ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Change Characteristics ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Economic Construction

In recent years, much attention has been given to the current situation and trend regarding economic development in the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK), of which urbanization is an important indicator. In the present study, (i) the urbanized area is estimated using DMSP/OLS and NPP/VIIRS, (ii) the current spatial pattern and the change characteristics of typical cities are revealed, and (iii) the scale and developmental stage of major cities in the DPRK are judged through comparison. Although the DPRK is relatively closed, the financial crisis in 2008 indirectly affected its economic development, and a large gap remains between the urbanization level of the DPRK and that of China and the Republic of Korea. The large cities in the DPRK are located mainly in its eastern coastal areas and western plains, and there has been no significant expansion in Pyongyang, Chungjin, and Hamhung in the past 28 years. Although economic construction has begun again recently in the DPRK, further reform and opening are required. As the DPRK’s relations with its neighbors and countries around the world improve, its economic development and urban construction will present a new pattern.

scholarly journals A Predictive Model for Estimating Damage from Wind Waves during Coastal Storms

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1322
Author(s):  
Yeon Moon Choo ◽  
Kun Hak Chun ◽  
Hae Seong Jeon ◽  
Sang Bo Sim
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Model ◽  
Wind Wave ◽  
Wind Waves ◽  
Damage Prediction ◽  
Coastal Storms ◽  
Extreme Wind ◽  
History Of ◽  
Damage Extent ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Cost

In recent years, climate abnormalities have been observed globally. Consequently, the scale and size of natural disasters, such as typhoons, wind wave, heavy snow, downpours, and storms, have increased. However, compared to other disasters, predicting the timing, location and severity of damages associated with typhoons and other extreme wind wave events is difficult. Accurately predicting the damage extent can reduce the damage scale by facilitating a speedy response. Therefore, in this study, a model to estimate the cost of damages associated with wind waves and their impacts during coastal storms was developed for the Republic of Korea. The history of wind wave and typhoon damages for coastal areas in Korea was collected from the disaster annual report (1991–2020), and the damage cost was converted such that it reflected the inflation rate as in 2020. Furthermore, data on ocean meteorological factors were collected for the events of wind wave and typhoon damages. Using logistic and linear regression, a wind wave damage prediction model reflecting the coastal regional characteristics based on 74 regions nationwide was developed. This prediction model enabled damage forecasting and can be utilized for improving the law and policy in disaster management.

scholarly journals ENDANGERING OF SECURITY OF REPUBLIC OF SERBIA THROUGH NON-MILITARY THREATS

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Hatidža Beriša ◽  
Nikola Vidović ◽  
Milenko Dželetović
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Organized Crime ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Security Threats ◽  
Global Problem ◽  
The Past ◽  
Religious Extremism ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Military

Nowadays, a greater number of significant dangers do not come from one or more states, but from non-state, mainly heavily controlled, entities and phenomena. By comparing security threats in the last decades of the past century and today, the problem that many countries in the world encounter today are unequivocal, that is, the dominance of the various forms of non-military threats of security at present, in relation to the military threats that dominated in the past. Non-military challenges, risks and threats are an increasing global problem and can endanger the interests and security of any country in the world, including Serbia.In accordance with contemporary events and developments, in the paper are comprehensively percived the ways of endangering the security of the Republic of Serbia by non-military forms of threats to security. The dominant forms of non-war threats to security, such as terrorism, organized crime and corruption and their ties, Albanian separatism, national and religious extremism, and natural disasters and other disasters, are heavily analyzed.

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