scholarly journals Market Power Extended: From Foucault to Meadows

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Biely ◽  
Dries Maes ◽  
Steven Van Passel
Keyword(s):  
Market Power ◽  
Systems Thinking ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Dynamic Character ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Quantitative Indicators ◽  
Complex Matter ◽  
Instrumental View

Market power is a complex matter that is approximated with quantitative indicators within economics. However, these indicators may not fully capture market power, or they may fail to identify it, although it may be present. Moreover, a quantitative approach restricts market power as a concept, impeding the ability to discuss its relationship with other concepts, such as sustainability. This paper extends the definition of market power, following Foucault’s understanding of power and the associated theoretical discussions of power from different disciplines. We extended Foucault’s work by including systems thinking to capture the importance of the prevalent system’s paradigm, which is the ultimate initiator of action. Apart from distinguishing different elements of power, we also integrate an instrumental view on the elements of power. The developed frame allows us to understand the dynamic character of power as a force that strives to maintain or ameliorate the position of the paradigm that it serves. Based on this frame, we outline how this extended understanding of power can be used to analyze market power itself, and its relation with sustainability.

scholarly journals Geometric and Topological Bases of a New Classification of Wood Vascular Tissues Part 1: Shape and Arrangement Classifications of Vessels

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7545
Author(s):  
Nikolai Bardarov ◽  
Vladislav Todorov ◽  
Nicole Christoff
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Complete Solution ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Topological Characteristics ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Wood Science ◽  
Quantitative Indicators

The need to identify wood by its anatomical features requires a detailed analysis of all the elements that make it up. This is a significant problem of structural wood science, the most general and complete solution of which is yet to be sought. In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the use of computer vision methods to automate processes such as the detection, identification, and classification of different tissues and different tree species. The more successful use of these methods in wood anatomy requires a more precise and comprehensive definition of the anatomical elements, according to their geometric and topological characteristics. In this article, we conduct a detailed analysis of the limits of variation of the location and grouping of vessels in the observed microscopic samples. The present development offers criteria and quantitative indicators for defining the terms shape, location, and group of wood tissues. It is proposed to differentiate the quantitative indicators of the vessels depending on their geometric and topological characteristics. Thus, with the help of computer vision technics, it will be possible to establish topological characteristics of wood vessels, the extraction of which would be used to develop an algorithm for the automatic classification of tree species.

A Quantitative Approach to Defining “High-Touch” Surfaces in Hospitals

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 850-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirk Huslage ◽  
William A. Rutala ◽  
Emily Sickbert-Bennett ◽  
David J. Weber
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Frequency Of Contact ◽  
Definition Of

Fifty interactions between healthcare workers and patients were observed to obtain a quantifiable definition of “high-touch” (ie, frequently touched) surfaces based on frequency of contact. Five surfaces were defined as high-touch surfaces: the bed rails, the bed surface, the supply cart, the over-bed table, and the intravenous pump.

scholarly journals Verifying dynamic Kano’s model to support new product/service development

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri Borgianni
Keyword(s):  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Product Development ◽  
Service Development ◽  
Customer Preferences ◽  
Empirically Supported ◽  
Market Launch ◽  
Product Service ◽  
Kano’S Model ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Quantitative Indicators

Purpose: Although firms try to shorten time-to-market, the duration of product development projects might anyway jeopardize the assumptions made at the beginning of the design process. This includes the definition of product attributes for ensuring customer satisfaction, thus forecasting techniques could be worthwhile. Within Kano’s method, trajectories of quality attributes have been identified and they can be potentially useful to the scope, but they have not been carefully verified.Design/methodology/approach: The paper takes on the above verification challenge by exploring studies of customer satisfaction conducted by means of Kano’s model regarding manifold industrial fields. The paper focuses on changes in the relevance of customer requirements reported in different contributions and analyses data statistically.Findings: The dynamic trajectories outlined in Kano’s model are partially confirmed and they are valuable in the mid-term to predict changes in customer preferences. The use of quantitative indicators portraying the extent of customer satisfaction and dissatisfaction leads to more reliable predictions.Research limitations/implications: In order to use as many data as possible, information has been used from different industrial fields, which can exhibit different paces in changes of customer preferences.Practical implications: The results benefit firms willing to have a clearer picture of customer main drivers for customer satisfaction at the time of market launch, although customer surveys are conducted at the beginning of product development projects.Originality/value: The paper puts into question previous assumptions about modifications of customer preferences, which, however are just empirically supported and assesses how these can be exploited in a reliable way.

The face in marfan syndrome: A 3D quantitative approach for a better definition of dysmorphic features

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 380-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Dolci ◽  
Valentina Pucciarelli ◽  
Daniele M. Gibelli ◽  
Marina Codari ◽  
Susan Marelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marfan Syndrome ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Dysmorphic Features ◽  
The Face ◽  
Definition Of

scholarly journals FOREST RESOURCES: FOREST INVENTORY INDICATORS OF THEIR ACCOUNTING AND USE IN THE SYSTEM OF ECONOMY OF FORESTRY MANAGEMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (04) ◽  
pp. 76-85
Author(s):  
Andrii BOBKO ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Forest Inventory ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Forestry Management ◽  
Domestic Practice ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Former Ussr ◽  
Quantitative Indicators

The article deals with a brief outline of development of forestry in Ukraine and its reforming in recent years. In particular, its formation in the Kiev province has been considered since the beginning of forestry as an industry of plant growing. The same applies to the twentieth century, with emphasis on changing the economic efficiency of forestry during its second half. The basic forest inventory terms “forest”, “forest fund”, “forest management”, their definition and compliance with European forestry standards are analyzed. They were compared by description in the countries of the former USSR and in the ECE/FAO legislation. It is proved that the most complete and understandable for definition of content of land use is the term “forest” as it is described by the ECE/FAO: “forest is a land”. More precisely – forest land. This description includes all the most typical components of FES (Forest Eco System), although it does not use this term. Without the introduction of the term “component”, the concept of “forest” as an object of accounting and observation remains ambiguous, little defined, allegedly at the time of the emergence of forestry as an industry of crop production and the lack of properly educated specialists. For discussion and adoption, it is proposed to use the description of the term “forest” = “forest land” in relation to its content of the first level according to SSCLU (Standard Statistic Classification of Laud Use) of the ECE/FAO UN as the most correct. The author proposes to refine it somewhat in terms of quantitative indicators of the domestic practice of forestry and forest management, and determine its by the formula proposed. It should be especially noted that assessment of dynamics of forest inventory indicators of status of the “forest land” category should find objective and targeted application when developing the forestry projects and forming the sustainable FES, taking into account the norms of environmental protection.

scholarly journals Statistical evaluation of the information content of attributes for the task of searching for semantically close sentences

2020 ◽  
pp. 8-17
Author(s):  
Anna Valer'evna Glazkova
Keyword(s):  
Information Content ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Frequency Method ◽  
Additional Input ◽  
Structured Information ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Vector Representations ◽  
Quantitative Indicators ◽  
F Measure

The paper presents the results of evaluating the informative value of quantitative and binary signs to solve the problem of finding semantically close sentences (paraphrases). Three types of signs are considered in the article: those built on vector representations of words (according to the Word2Vec model), based on the extraction of numbers and structured information and reflecting the quantitative characteristics of the text. As indicators of information content, the percentage of paraphrases among examples with a characteristic, and the percentage of paraphrases with a attribute (for binary characteristics), as well as estimates using the accumulated frequency method (for quantitative indicators) are used. The assessment was conducted on the Russian paraphrase corps. The set of features considered in the work was tested as input for two machine learning models for defining semantically close sentences: reference vector machines (SVMs) and a recurrent neural network model. The first model accepts only the considered set of signs as input parameters, the second - the text in the form of sequences and the set of signs as an additional input. The quality of the models was 67.06% (F-measure) and 69.49% (accuracy) and 79.85% (F-measure) and 74.16% (accuracy), respectively. The result obtained in the work is comparable with the best results of the systems presented in 2017 at the competition for the definition of paraphrase for the Russian language (the second result for the F-measure, the third result for accuracy). The results proposed in the work can be used both in the implementation of search models for semantically close fragments of texts in natural language, and for the analysis of Russian-language paraphrases from the point of view of computer linguistics.

Systems Thinking in the Twenty-First Century

1998 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena B. Agoshkova
Keyword(s):  
Systems Thinking ◽  
Formal Theory ◽  
First Century ◽  
Theory Of Knowledge ◽  
Systems Science ◽  
Concept System ◽  
Categorical Structure ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Single Approach

Systems thinking is an important factor in solving global problems. The twentieth-century has witnessed the development of a systems paradigm and different spheres of systems knowledge. However, further development of systems thinking necessitates overcoming the contradictions between different schools and unifying them into a single systems conception. With this in mind, systems problems are examined in light of the theory of knowledge. It is suggested that the gnosiological definition of the notion 'system' should be used as a basis for a single approach. An analysis of the concept 'system' leads to a logically well-structured conception of system. It follows from this that, in addition to the general theory of systems and the systems science, a non-formal theory of whole object and non-formal systems logic should form part of the systems thinking. This would set the stage for a categorical structure and a conceptual basis for systems thinking. The development of systems thinking should be regarded as the key challenge in perfecting humanity. The elaboration of a single systems conception within the philosophy of science and the methodology of scientific knowledge should be treated as a basis for meeting this challenge.

Rough Set Model in Incomplete Decision Systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 1221-1231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thinh Cao ◽  
Koichi Yamada ◽  
Muneyuki Unehara ◽  
Izumi Suzuki ◽  
Do Van Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information System ◽  
Missing Data ◽  
Rough Set ◽  
Information Loss ◽  
The Other ◽  
Decision Systems ◽  
Local Decision ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Quantitative Indicators

The paper introduces a rough set model to analyze an information system in which some conditions and decision data are missing. Many studies have focused on missing condition data, but very few have accounted for missing decision data. Common approaches tend to remove objects with missing decision data because such objects are apparently considered worthless from the perspective of decision-making. However, we indicate that this removal may lead to information loss. Our method retains such objects with missing decision data. We observe that a scenario involving missing decision data is somewhat similar to the situation of semi-supervised learning, because some objects are characterized by complete decision data whereas others are not. This leads us to the idea of estimating potential candidates for the missing data using the available data. These potential candidates are determined by two quantitative indicators: local decision probability and universal decision probability. These potential candidates allow us to define set approximations and the definition of reduct. We also compare the reducts and rules induced from two information systems: one removes objects with missing decision data and the other retains such objects. We highlight that the knowledge induced from the former can be induced from the latter using our approach. Thus, our method offers a more generalized approach to handle missing decision data and prevents information loss.

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