scholarly journals Altered Bacterial Communities in Long-Term No-Till Soils Associated with Stratification of Soluble Aluminum and Soil pH

Soil Systems ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricky Lewis ◽  
Victoria Barth ◽  
Todd Coffey ◽  
Carol McFarland ◽  
David Huggins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
No Till ◽  
Soluble Aluminum

scholarly journals Changes in soil physicochemical properties and bacterial communities at different soil depths after long-term straw mulching under a no-till system

SOIL ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 595-609
Author(s):  
Zijun Zhou ◽  
Zengqiang Li ◽  
Kun Chen ◽  
Zhaoming Chen ◽  
Xiangzhong Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Bacterial Abundance ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Straw Mulching ◽  
Soil Bacterial Communities ◽  
No Till ◽  
Relative Abundances

Abstract. Conservation tillage has attracted increasing attention over recent decades, mainly due to its benefits for improving soil organic matter content and reducing soil erosion. However, the effects of long-term straw mulching under a no-till system on soil physicochemical properties and bacterial communities at different soil depths are still unclear. In this 12-year experiment of straw removal (CK) and straw mulching (SM) treatments, soil samples were collected at 0–5, 5–10, 10–20, and 20–30 cm soil depths. The results showed that the contents of organic carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) fractions, and bacterial abundance significantly decreased, whereas pH significantly increased with soil depth. Compared with CK, SM significantly increased total N, inorganic N, available P, available potassium, and soil water content at 0–5 cm, total organic C content at 0–10 cm, and dissolved organic C and N contents at 0–20 cm. Regarding bacterial communities, SM increased the relative abundances of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Acidobacteria but reduced those of Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Cyanobacteria. Bacterial Shannon diversity and Shannon's evenness at 0–5 cm were reduced by SM treatment compared to CK treatment. Furthermore, SM increased the relative abundances of some C-cycling genera (such as Terracidiphilus and Acidibacter) and N-cycling genera (such as Rhodanobacter, Rhizomicrobium, Dokdonella, Reyranella, and Luteimonas) at 0–5 cm. Principal coordinate analysis showed that the largest difference in the composition of soil bacterial communities between CK and SM occurred at 0–5 cm. Soil pH and N and organic C fractions were the major drivers shaping soil bacterial communities. Overall, SM treatment is highly recommended under a no-till system because of its benefits to soil fertility and bacterial abundance.

scholarly journals Impacts of Repeated Glyphosate Use on Wheat-Associated Bacteria Are Small and Depend on Glyphosate Use History

2017 ◽  
Vol 83 (22) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel C. Schlatter ◽  
Chuntao Yin ◽  
Scot Hulbert ◽  
Ian Burke ◽  
Timothy Paulitz
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
No Till ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Use

ABSTRACT Glyphosate is the most widely used herbicide worldwide and a critical tool for weed control in no-till cropping systems. However, there are concerns about the nontarget impacts of long-term glyphosate use on soil microbial communities. We investigated the impacts of repeated glyphosate treatments on bacterial communities in the soil and rhizosphere of wheat in soils with and without long-term history of glyphosate use. We cycled wheat in the greenhouse using soils from 4 paired fields under no-till (20+-year history of glyphosate) or no history of use. At each cycle, we terminated plants with glyphosate (2× the field rate) or by removing the crowns, and soil and rhizosphere bacterial communities were characterized. Location, cropping history, year, and proximity to the roots had much stronger effects on bacterial communities than did glyphosate, which only explained 2 to 5% of the variation. Less than 1% of all taxa were impacted by glyphosate, more in soils with a long history of use, and more increased than decreased in relative abundance. Glyphosate had minimal impacts on soil and rhizosphere bacteria of wheat, although dying roots after glyphosate application may provide a “greenbridge” favoring some copiotrophic taxa. IMPORTANCE Glyphosate (Roundup) is the most widely used herbicide in the world and the foundation of Roundup Ready soybeans, corn, and the no-till cropping system. However, there have been recent concerns about nontarget impacts of glyphosate on soil microbes. Using next-generation sequencing methods and glyphosate treatments of wheat plants, we described the bacterial communities in the soil and rhizosphere of wheat grown in Pacific Northwest soils across multiple years, different locations, and soils with different histories of glyphosate use. The effects of glyphosate were subtle and much less than those of drivers such as location and cropping systems. Only a small percentage of the bacterial groups were influenced by glyphosate, and most of those were stimulated, probably because of the dying roots. This study provides important information for the future of this important tool for no-till systems and the environmental benefits of reducing soil erosion and fossil fuel inputs.

scholarly journals Bacterial Communities on Wheat Grown Under Long-Term Conventional Tillage and No-Till in the Pacific Northwest of the United States

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuntao Yin ◽  
Nicholas Mueth ◽  
Scot Hulbert ◽  
Daniel Schlatter ◽  
Timothy C. Paulitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
The United States ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Bulk Soil ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
No Till

Cultural practices, such as tillage, often have widespread impacts on phytobiomes. No-till has been increasingly adopted by wheat growers in the dryland cropping areas of the inland Pacific Northwest in the United States to reduce soil erosion and decrease fuel and labor inputs, yet there are limited data on how conversion to no-till impacts plant-associated bacteria in this highly productive system. To address this knowledge gap, we evaluated bacterial communities in bulk and rhizosphere soil of wheat in two locations (Idaho and Washington) for 2 years, comparing long-term no-till plots and adjacent plots under conventional tillage. In this study, members of phylum Proteobacteria were relatively more abundant in rhizosphere soil, while Acidobacteria and Gemmatimonadetes were more abundant in bulk soil than in the rhizosphere. Bacteroidetes were more frequent under conventional than conservation tillage. In general, bacterial families were more affected by the position of the sample (rhizosphere versus bulk soil) than by tillage practices. Families generally regarded as copiotrophic (Oxalobacteriaceae, Pseudomonadaceae, and Cytophagaceae) were more abundant in rhizosphere soil than bulk in both years. On the contrary, oligotrophic families such as Gaiellaceae and those within Gemmatimonadetes were more abundant in bulk soil than in the rhizosphere. Families affected by tillage varied between the 2 years. These results suggest that bacterial communities in soil were more influenced by plant proximity (rhizosphere versus bulk soil) than by tillage practices, but that specific differences were not consistent and may vary among locations and years.

scholarly journals Changes in soil physicochemical properties and bacterial communities among different soil depths after long-term straw mulching under a no-till system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zijun Zhou ◽  
Zengqiang Li ◽  
Kun Chen ◽  
Zhaoming Chen ◽  
Xiangzhong Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Bacterial Abundance ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Straw Mulching ◽  
No Till ◽  
Relative Abundances ◽  
Soil Bacterial

Abstract. Conservation tillage has attracted increasing attention over recent decades, mainly due to its benefits in improving soil organic matter content and reducing soil erosion. Under intensive conventional tillage systems, some studies have focused on the responses of soil properties in the topsoil to straw retention. However, long-term straw mulching effects on soil physicochemical properties and bacterial communities among different soil depths under a no-till system are still obscure. One twelve-year experiment was conducted that included straw removal (CK) and straw mulching (SM) treatments. Soil samples were collected at 0–5, 5–10, 10–20, and 20–30 cm soil depths. Most soil physicochemical properties and the relative abundances of bacterial phyla were varied with soil depth. Compared with CK, SM increased soil total nitrogen and organic carbon, available phosphorus and potassium, dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen, and water content. SM increased soil bacterial abundance but reduced the Shannon diversity of the bacterial community at 0–5 cm depth. SM increased the relative abundances of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Acidobacteria but reduced those of Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Cyanobacteria. SM had different effects on the relative abundances of some C- and N-cycling genera, for instance, increasing Rhodanobacter, Rhizomicrobium, and Terracidiphilus, and reducing Anaeromyxobacter, Mycobacterium, and Syntrophobacter. A principal coordinate analysis indicated that SM largely affected soil bacterial communities at topsoil depth. Soil pH and different nitrogen and organic carbon fractions were the major drivers shaping soil bacterial community. Overall, straw mulch is highly recommended for use under a no-till system because of its benefits to soil fertility and bacterial abundance. However, inorganic nitrogen fertilizer levels may be reduced under straw mulching to maintain or increase soil bacterial Shannon diversity in future studies.

Long-Term Impacts of Poultry Litter on Soil pH and Phosphorus in No-Till

2018 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-23
Author(s):  
Catherine Fleming-Wimer ◽  
Mark Reiter ◽  
Rory Maquire ◽  
Steve Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
No Till

Effects of long-term biochar and biochar-based fertilizer application on brown earth soil bacterial communities

2021 ◽  
Vol 309 ◽  
pp. 107285
Author(s):  
Mengyu Gao ◽  
Jinfeng Yang ◽  
Chunmei Liu ◽  
Bowen Gu ◽  
Meng Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Soil Bacterial Communities ◽  
Soil Bacterial

scholarly journals Bacterial Communities and Enzymatic Activities in Sediments of Long-Term Fish and Crab Aquaculture Ponds

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 501
Author(s):  
Zhimin Zhang ◽  
Qinghui Deng ◽  
Lingling Wan ◽  
Xiuyun Cao ◽  
Yiyong Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Enzymatic Activities ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Mitten Crab ◽  
Aquaculture Ponds ◽  
Pond Sediments ◽  
Sediment Ph

Aquaculture is among the most important and fastest growing agriculture sectors worldwide; however, it generates environmental impacts by introducing nutrient accumulations in ponds, which are possibly different and further result in complex biological processes in the sediments based on diverse farming practices. In this study, we investigated the effects of long-term farming practices of representative aquatic animals dominated by grass carp (GC, Ctenopharyngodon idella) or Chinese mitten crab (CMC, Eriocheir sinensis) on the bacterial community and enzyme activity of sediments from more than 15 years of aquaculture ponds, and the differences associated with sediment properties were explored in the two farming practices. Compared to CMC ponds, GC ponds had lower contents of TC, TN, and TP in sediments, and similar trends for sediment pH and moisture content. Sediment bacterial communities were significantly different between GC and CMC ponds, with higher bacterial richness and diversity in GC ponds. The bacterial communities among the pond sediments were closely associated with sediment pH, TC, and TN. Additionally, the results showed profoundly lower activities of β-1,4-glucosidase, leucine aminopeptidase, and phosphatase in the sediments of GC ponds than CMC ponds. Pearson’s correlation analysis further revealed strong positive correlations between the hydrolytic enzyme activities and nutrient concentrations among the aquaculture ponds, indicating microbial enzyme regulation response to sediment nutrient dynamics. Our study herein reveals that farming practices of fish and crab differently affect bacterial communities and enzymatic activities in pond sediments, suggesting nutrient-driven sediment biological processes in aquaculture ponds for different farming practices.

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