scholarly journals Is the Botryococcus braunii Dry Biomass an Adjuvant for Anti-UVB Topical Formulations?

2020 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Maíra Bueno Ariede ◽  
Ana Lucia Morocho-Jácome ◽  
Thalita Marcílio Candido ◽  
Felipe Rebello Lourenço ◽  
Edna Tomiko Myiake Kato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Botryococcus Braunii ◽  
The Self ◽  
Uv Filters ◽  
Protection Factor ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Sun Protection Factor ◽  
Harmful Effects

Several topical products have been developed to avoid the harmful effects from ultraviolet (UV) radiation, such as sunscreens. Research for actives from natural sources is increasing due to the fact that chemical filters could induce adverse events. The microalgae Botryococcus braunii has potential interest in cosmetic applications. Specialized literature reported that B. braunii aqueous extract induced a reduction in skin dehydration and collagen production and promoted antioxidant activity. This research aimed to produce B. braunii biomass and to investigate its contribution regarding photoprotection. Formulations containing B. braunii dry biomass, with or without UV filters into vehicles composed of an emulsifying polymer or a self-emulsifying base, were evaluated in vitro by means of photoprotective activity and photostability. B. braunii dry biomass did not provide adequate photoprotection efficacy; however, it was observed that the self-emulsifying base promoted better sun protection factor (SPF) in comparison with the emulsifying polymer.

Simulation of sunscreen performance

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 937-951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Herzog ◽  
Uli Osterwalder
Keyword(s):  
Sun Protection ◽  
Simulation Algorithm ◽  
Uv Filters ◽  
Protection Factor ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Screening Performance ◽  
Convenient Approach ◽  
Solar Uv ◽  
Harmful Effects

AbstractSunscreens are used to protect the human skin against harmful effects of solar UV radiation. The most important quantity characterizing sunscreen performance is the sun protection factor (SPF). At the stage of development of new sun protection formulations quick and inexpensive methods for estimation of the UV screening performance are highly desirable. The most convenient approach towards this goal is given by computational simulations. Models for the calculation of the SPF employ the same algorithm as used with in vitro SPF measurements, but replace the transmittance measurement by the calculation of the overall absorbance of the UV filters in an irregular sunscreen film. The simulations require a database with quantitative UV extinction spectra of the relevant UV filters as well as a mathematical description of the film irregularity. The simulation algorithm implies also the consideration of photodegradation properties of the UV filters in the sunscreen composition. Besides using such simulations for designing new sunscreen formulations, the calculations can also support the understanding of sunscreen performance in general.

Chemical composition, antioxidant, alpha-glucosidase inhibitory, anticholinesterase and photoprotective activities of the aerial parts of Schinus molle L.

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustapha M. Bouhenna ◽  
Chawki Bensouici ◽  
Latifa Khattabi ◽  
Farid Chebrouk ◽  
Nabil Mameri
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Sun Protection ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Protection Factor ◽  
Schinus Molle ◽  
Rp Hplc ◽  
Sun Protection Factor

Background: Schinus molle L. is a medicinal and aromatic plant widely used in folk medicine commonly found in Algeria and Mediterranean region. In the present work, we investigated the in vitro antioxidant, anti-cholinesterase, αglucosidase inhibitory and photoprotective potentials of the Schinus molle L. plant’s extract/fractions. The metabolite profile of Schinus molle L. was analyzed using RP-HPLC and GC-MS. Methods: Antioxidant activity was assessed using different tests. Anticholinesterase activity was investigated by quantifying the acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activities. Antidiabetic activity was investigated by αglucosidase inhibition test, whereas photoprotective activity was evaluated by sun protection factor (SPF) using spectrophotometry UV-Vis. The extracts were then submitted to RP-HPLC–PDA and GC–MS analysis. Results: Ethyl acetate and buthanol fractions with high contents of total phenolics and flavonoids exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity. Ethyl acetate extract exhibited considerable enzyme inhibition potential on acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase and α-glucosidase with percentages of inhibition of 99.08 ± 0.79 %, 100 % and 98.80 ± 0.18 % respectively. Furthermore, the ethyl acetate fraction showed high photoprotective activity with the sun protection factor (SPF) value = 38,26 ± 0.73. Three phenolic acids (gallic, tannic and vanillic acids) and five flavonoids (myricetin, apigenin, naringenin, rutin and quercetin) were identified with RP-HPLC–PDA. Conclusion: These findings suggest that Schinus molle L. may be useful in the development of an alternative agent for oxidative stress, Alzheimer’s disease, diabetes and could be used as a natural sunscreen in pharmaceutics or cosmetic formulations.

scholarly journals Use of Vegetable Oils to Improve the Sun Protection Factor of Sunscreen Formulations

Cosmetics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Montenegro ◽  
Ludovica Santagati
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Sun Protection ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Uv Filters ◽  
Protection Factor ◽  
Hydrophilic Lipophilic Balance ◽  
Sun Protection Factor ◽  
Sunscreen Products ◽  
Organic Uv Filters

Some vegetable oils have many biological properties, including UV-absorbing capacity. Therefore, their use has been suggested to reduce the content of organic UV-filters in sunscreen products. In this work, we investigated the feasibility of developing oil-based vehicles with a high sun protection factor (SPF) using pomegranate oil (PMG) and shea oil (BPO) in association with different percentages of organic UV-filters (octyl– methoxycinnamate, butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane, and bemotrizinol). We characterized the spreadability, occlusion factor, pH, and required hydrophilic lipophilic balance of the resulting formulations, and did not observe relevant differences due to the incorporation of vegetable oils. The in vitro spectrophotometric determinations of SPF values highlighted that the addition of BPO (1% (w/w)) and PMG (1% (w/w)) resulted in an increase in SPF in comparison with the same formulations that contained only organic UV-filters. The SPF increase was more significant for the formulations that contained lower amounts of organic UV-filters. The results of this study supported the hypothesis that including suitable vegetable oils in sunscreen formulations could be a promising strategy to design products with a lower content of organic UV-filters.

scholarly journals Alkenones, a Renewably Sourced, Biobased Wax as an SPF Booster for Organic Sunscreens

Cosmetics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
An Huynh ◽  
Mariam Abou-Dahech ◽  
Christopher Reddy ◽  
Gregory O’Neil ◽  
Mark Chandler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resistance ◽  
Organic Liquid ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Uv Filters ◽  
Protection Factor ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Sun Protection Factor

Sun exposure can affect the skin in various ways leading to short- and long-term consequences. Waxes are often used to optimize the rheological behavior of products and provide an even sunscreen film on the skin, which can boost the sun protection factor (SPF) of ultraviolet (UV) filters. In this study, a biobased wax, alkenones, sourced from commercially available and sustainable microalgae was evaluated as an SPF booster in sunscreens. Thirty-five sunscreens were formulated using three waxes and four organic liquid UV filters. Products were tested for pH, viscosity, spreadability, stability, as well as in vitro SPF and water resistance. Alkenones’ in vitro SPF boosting capacity was similar to beeswax and cetyl alcohol with three “reef-safe” UV filters. None of the waxes used provided significant water resistance, however, using film-former water resistance could be built into the products. A key finding is that alkenones increased the in vitro SPF without increasing apparent viscosity. All products had a skin-compatible pH and they all remained stable at 25 °C for 10 weeks. Overall, the alkenones’ performance was comparable to those of the comparator waxes. Our in vitro results indicate that alkenones offer a sustainable, biobased, non-animal derived choice as an SPF booster for organic sunscreens.

The cosmetic potential of the medicinal halophyte Tamarix gallica L. (Tamaricaceae) growing in the eastern of Algeria: photoprotective and antioxidant activities

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostefa Lefahal ◽  
El-Hani Makhloufi ◽  
Warda Trifa ◽  
Radia Ayad ◽  
Mohamed El Hattab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Protection Factor ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Sun Protection Factor ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid ◽  
Tamarix Gallica

Aim and Objective: Currently, the use of ingredients from natural sources has gained great attention in cosmetic field especially for the development of new photoprotective formulations. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the cosmetic potential of the methanolic crude extract and the ethyl acetate fraction of the medicinal halophyte Tamarix gallica (Tg) growing in the area of Tebessa in eastern of Algeria, by assessing their phenolic and flavonoid contents, photoprotective and antioxidant activities. Methods: The research approach consisted of determination phenolic and flavonoid contents of aerial parts via FolinCiocalteu and aluminum chloride methods respectively. The antioxidant activity was measured through two in vitro methods DPPH radical scavenging activity and total antioxidant capacity test (TAC). The in vitro photoprotective effect was performed according to the parameter SPF (Sun Protection Factor) by using UV spectroscopic method in UV-B region (290-320 nm). Results: The methanolic extract (Tg-MeOH) and ethyl acetate (Tg-EtOAc) fraction showed good antioxidant activity with IC50’s 14,05±0,66, 27,58±1,98 µg/mL respectively in DPPH test. Furthermore, both extracts displayed strong total antioxidant capacity (287.01±7.85, 246.7±1.12 mg AAE/g, respectively) in TAC test. Both extracts exhibited high photoprotective activity, with sun protection factor (SPF) values 37.03±0.22 and 36.08±0.03. The antioxidant and photoprotective activities of these extracts is probably related to polyphenols content (190.27±0.74 mg AGE /g and 121.77±1.29 mg AGE /g, respectively) , and flavonoids (78.75±0.06 mg QE /g and 58.67±1.19mg/g). Conclusion: Our finding show that extracts of Tamarix gallica L could be a promising source to be mixed as natural sunscreens and antioxidants agent into photoprotective cosmetic formulations.

scholarly journals A Randomized Study to Determine the Sun Protection Factor of Natural Pterostilbene from Pterocarpus Marsupium

Cosmetics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammed Majeed ◽  
Shaheen Majeed ◽  
Renuka Jain ◽  
Lakshmi Mundkur ◽  
H. R. Rajalakshmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Irritation ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Sun Protection ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Protection Factor ◽  
Pterocarpus Marsupium ◽  
Sun Protection Factor ◽  
Harmful Effects

Ultraviolet (UV) rays and its harmful effects have always been a concern to skin health. Sunscreen and sunblock prevent the harmful effects of UV radiation on the skin. Sun Protection Factor (SPF) is an indication of the sun-protective capacity of an ingredient. There is an ever increasing interest in the cosmetic industry for developing novel functional ingredients from natural sources. The purpose of this study was to determine in-vitro and in vivo SPF of natural 90% pterostilbene extracted from the dried heartwood of Pterocarpus marsupium (Indian Kino). The SPF of purified pterostilbene and a formulation containing 0.4% pterostilbene was determined In Vitro using a UV spectrophotometer. Pterostilbene had an SPF of 21.73 ± 0.06, while the cream formulation had an SPF of 8.84 ± 0.01. The in vivo SPF of the 0.4% pterostilbene cream in humans was found to be 6.2 ± 1.30. Primary skin irritation tests in human subjects showed the formulation was safe and had no irritation potential. Pterostilbene was also found to have significant antioxidant activity as determined by free radical scavenging assays in vitro. These results suggest that natural pterostilbene is an antioxidant and shows SPF value both in-vitro and in the human clinical study and thus could be used as an ingredient in topical sun-protective formulations.

scholarly journals Safety and Photoprotective Efficacy of a Sunscreen System Based on Grape Pomace (Vitis vinifera L.) Phenolics from Winemaking

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1148
Author(s):  
Alexandra A. Hübner ◽  
Fernanda D. Sarruf ◽  
Camila A. Oliveira ◽  
Alberto V. Neto ◽  
Dominique C. H. Fischer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Grape Pomace ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Uvb Radiation ◽  
Uv Filters ◽  
Clinical Tests ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
Protection Factor

In winemaking, a large amount of grape pomace is produced that is rich in polyphenolics and highly beneficial for human health, as phenols are useful for skin ultraviolet (UV) protection. In this investigation, we evaluated the safety and clinical efficacy of a sunscreen system containing a grape pomace extract from Vitis vinifera L. as a bioactive ingredient. The recovery of phenolics in the waste was performed by percolation. Nine emulsions were developed using a factorial design and two were evaluated clinically: Formulation E, containing only UV filters (butylmethoxydibenzoyl methane, ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate and ethylhexyl dimethyl PABA), and F, with the extract at 10.0% w/w + UV filters. The antioxidant activity was determined by the DPPH assay and the in vitro efficacy was established by sun protection factor (SPF) measurements (Labsphere UV-2000S). Clinical tests were performed to determine safety (human repeated insult patch test) and to confirm efficacy (photoprotective effectiveness in participants). The results showed a synergistic effect between the sunscreen system and the extract on UVB protection and antioxidant activity. Both samples were considered safe. Formulation F was 20.59% more efficient in protecting skin against UVB radiation, taking approximately 21% more time to induce erythema compared to the extract-free sample.

scholarly journals Seasonal Variations of Polyphenols Content, Sun Protection Factor and Antioxidant Activity of Two Lamiaceae Species

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Juliana de Medeiros Gomes ◽  
Márcio Vinícius Cahino Terto ◽  
Sócrates Golzio do Santos ◽  
Marcelo Sobral da Silva ◽  
Josean Fechine Tavares
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Protection Factor ◽  
Know How ◽  
Sun Protection Factor ◽  
Plectranthus Amboinicus ◽  
Radiation Incidence

Secondary metabolite production by plants is influenced by external environmental factors that can change depending on the seasons, which makes it important to know how the plant, through its metabolism, is able to adapt to these variations. Mentha x villosa and Plectranthus amboinicus present in their chemical composition polyphenols, and through previous studies, it has been seen that these two species present promising in vitro photoprotective activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate seasonal alterations in photoprotective and antioxidant activities and the influence of factors such as precipitation levels and sun radiation incidence. Thus, polyphenol quantification, cromatographics (HPLC-DAD) and multivariate (PCA) analyses of extracts of the two species through twelve months were done. It was observed that the best months for photoprotective and antioxidant activities were September for M. villosa and July for P. amboinicus (SPF = 14.79). It was possible to conclude that solar radiation more clearly influences the production of phenolics and the increase of SPF in M. villosa, in addition to favoring the antioxidant activity of the two species, while precipitation seems to have no influence.

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