scholarly journals Preliminary Phytochemical Analysis of Berberis goudotii Triana & Planch. ex Wedd. (Berberidaceae) with Anticariogenic and Antiperiodontal Activities

2019 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Sequeda-Castañeda ◽  
Camila Muñoz-Realpe ◽  
Crispín Celis-Zambrano ◽  
Sandra Gutiérrez-Prieto ◽  
Pilar Luengas-Caicedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Prevotella Intermedia ◽  
Streptococcus Sobrinus ◽  
Total Extract ◽  
Liquid Fractionation

Berberis goudotii is an endemic Colombian plant found in the paramo ecosystem. It has been used in food preparation and as a medicinal plant for diverse treatments. Additionally, it is used as a mouthwash to strengthen the gums and combat throat irritations and periodontitis. The present research evaluated Berberis goudotii aerial parts extract and fractions antimicrobial activities. Ultrasonic-assisted extraction was used to attain total ethanol-water extract. Solid-liquid fractionation was used to obtain hexane fraction. The residue was dispersed in water and liquid-liquid fractionation was carried-out to acquire dichloromethane, butanol and water fractions. Preliminary phytochemical analysis was performed on total extract and phenol, polyphenol, flavonoid, and proanthocyanidin, while tannin content was quantified. Antimicrobial activity assessment was performed by agar diffusion method using disks and wells employing Ceftazidime as a positive control against Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia and Fusobacterium nucleatum. Antimicrobial activity was determined as relative percentage inhibition (RPI), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Phenols (92.5 ± 7.7 mg GA/10 g), polyphenols (87.7 ± 8.1 mg PG/10 g) and tannins (44.1 ± 4.3 mg PG/10 g) were among the highest secondary metabolites observed. Total extract presented an MBC of 1.0 µg/µL against cariogenic bacteria (Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus) and 0.12 µg/µL against bacteria associated with periodontal disease (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia and Fusobacterium nucleatum). Butanol and hexane fractions showed antiperiodontal activity with MBC of 0.12 and 1.0 µg/µL, respectively. In conclusion, Berberis goudotii total extract demonstrated antimicrobial activity against cariogenic and periodontal microorganisms, on the other hand, hexane and butanol fractions displayed antiperiodontal activity.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity ofPiper marginatumJacq andIlex guayusaLoes on Microorganisms Associated with Periodontal Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredy Gamboa ◽  
Camila-Cristina Muñoz ◽  
Gloria Numpaque ◽  
Luis Gonzalo Sequeda-Castañeda ◽  
Sandra Janeth Gutierrez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Prevotella Intermedia ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Background. Chronic periodontitis is a multifactorial infectious disease, where multiple bacteria, such asPorphyromonas gingivalis,Prevotella intermedia, andFusobacterium nucleatumare implicated. The main purpose of researching natural products is to find substances or compounds with antimicrobial activity.Aim. The objective of this work was to determine antimicrobial activity from extracts and obtained fractions fromPiper marginatumJacq andIlex guayusaLoes onP. gingivalisATCC 33277,F. nucleatumATCC 25586, andP. intermediaATCC 25611.Methods. Total ethanol extracts were obtained from both plants. Fractions were obtained from total ethanol extracts with amberlite as a stationary phase employing hexane, acetone, and ethanol-water as solvents. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical characterization was performed on total ethanol extracts from both plants. Antimicrobial activity from total ethanol extracts and fractions from both plants were evaluated onP. gingivalisATCC 33277,F. nucleatumATCC 25586, andP. intermediaATCC by the well diffusion method with Wilkins–Chalgren agar.Results.Piper marginatumJacq total ethanol extract presented antimicrobial activity against all three bacteria, whereasIlex guayusaLoes was only efficient againstP. gingivalisATCC 33277 andP. intermediaATCC 25611, with inhibition halos from 9.3 to 30 mm.Ilex guayusaLoes obtained fractions presented antimicrobial activity against all three microorganisms evaluated, with inhibition halos ranging from 9.7 to 18.7 mm. In regards toPiper marginatumJacq fractions, inhibition halos were between 8.3 and 19 mm, against all three microorganisms evaluated; only hexane fraction did not present antimicrobial activity againstF. nucleatumATCC 25586.Conclusion.Piper marginatumJacq andIlex guayusaLoes total ethanol extracts and fractions presented outstanding antimicrobial activity againstP. gingivalisATCC 33277,P. intermediaATCC 25611, andF. nucleatumATCC 25586.

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY AND PHYTOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ACTINODAPHNE GLOMERATA LEAVES EXTRACT

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-26
Author(s):  
Suharyani Ine ◽  
Harlinda Kuspradini ◽  
Julinda Manalu
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Streptococcus Sobrinus ◽  
Agar Diffusion Method

This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial activity and chemical compounds by phytochemical analysis of Actinodaphne glomerata leaves. The extraction was performed by maceration method using n-hexane solvent. The antimicrobial activity was tested by agar diffusion method against Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus. The n-hexane crude extracts was tested for its antimicrobial activity using 125, 250 and 500 μg/well of concentrations. Based on phytochemical analysis, it showed that n-hexane extract of A. glomerata leaves contained alkaloids, triterpenoid and carbohydrates. The extract inhibited all tested microorganisms and the best inhibition zone was shown against S. sobrinus (19.56 mm) at concentration 500 μg/well.

The In vitro Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of Quercus robur L. Methanolic and Aqueous Leaves’ Extracts, from the Algerian High Plateaus Against some Uropathogenic Microbial Strains

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 262-274
Author(s):  
E. Benyagoub ◽  
N. Nabbou ◽  
S. Boukhalkhel ◽  
I. Dehini
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Fusidic Acid ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Microbial Strains

The medicinal value of the plants is due to their chemical components that bring a definite physiological action on the human body to prevent the diseases. In this work, we investigated the antimicrobial activity of leaves’ extracts of Quercus robur L., collected from the Algerian upper highlands, on ten bacterial strains and one fungal strain known to be pathogenic. First, we performed a qualitative phytochemical analysis, and second, antimicrobial activity tests performed by agar diffusion method (disc and well) with the determination of MIC by broth macro-dilution method. Given the results, it appears that obtained macerates of Quercus robur L. were rich in bioactive phytoconstituents such as alkaloids, anthraquinones, saponins, tannins, and other components. The yield of aqueous and methanolic macerates of leaves was 8.5 ± 1.41 and 22.4 ± 4.36%, respectively. The bacterial resistance was relatively important to several antibiotics, namely, ampicillin, amoxicillin + clavulanic acid for strains of Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. However, Staphylococcus aureus strains were resistant to fusidic acid, penicillin, and oxacillin; while Enterococcus faecalis was resistant to fusidic acid, penicillin, oxacillin, and ticarcillin. The antibacterial activity of the macerates toward tested microbial strains showed that the aqueous and methanolic macerates of the leaves were proportional to the tested concentration and active not only against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria but also on the fungal species Candida albicans. The estimated MIC for Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, and Staphylococcus aureus was in the order of 10 mg/mL, which seems more effective than toward Salmonella sp., Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans which were in the order of 30 mg/mL. These preliminary results confirm that the part of the studied plant had a very good antimicrobial activity that was proportional to the serial concentrations of the tested extracts.

Antibacterial Activity of Silver-Hydroxyapatite/Titania Nanocomposite Coating on Titanium against Oral Bacteria

2007 ◽  
Vol 330-332 ◽  
pp. 455-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
An Chun Mo ◽  
Wei Xu ◽  
Su Qin Xian ◽  
Yu Bao Li ◽  
Shi Bai
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Nanocomposite Coating ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Tio2 Coating ◽  
Prevotella Intermedia ◽  
Anaerobic Incubation ◽  
Coating Method ◽  
Coated Surfaces

This study was focused on evaluating the bactericidal and anti-adhesive efficacy of silver-hydroxyapatite/ titania nanocomposites (nAg-HA/TiO2) coating on titanium against oral bacteria. Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia and Fusohacterium nucleatum and Streptococcus mutans were used. Antibacterial activity of nAg-HA/TiO2 coating was investigated quantitatively using film applicator coating method and titanium plates incubated with bacteria were prepared for SEM to observe the adherence of oral bacteria. The viability of each type of bacteria on the antibacterial film was suppressed to about 10% after anaerobic incubation for 3 hours. Image of SEM demonstrated that bacteria on sandblasting surfaces were relatively confluent whilst on coated surfaces fewer bacteria were observed. Adherence of bacteria on nAg-HA / TiO2-coated surfaces compared with uncoated surfaces was remarkably decreased.

scholarly journals Determination of antibacterial activity and metabolite profile of Ruta graveolens against Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
pp. 320-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamzah Abdulrahman Salman ◽  
Sankarasetty Venkatesh ◽  
Ramasamy Senthilkumar ◽  
B. S. Gnanesh Kumar ◽  
Aamer Mousa Ali
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Metabolite Profile ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Ruta Graveolens ◽  
Streptococcus Sobrinus ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Pure Compounds

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Ruta graveolens is one of the most used phytomedicines. To date, there is no report of determining the bioactivity of R. graveolens against cariogenic causing bacteria (Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus). OBJECTIVE: The objective of the present study was to determine the antibacterial activity and metabolite profile of R. graveolens against S. mutans and S. sobrinus. MATERIAL AND METHODS: R. graveolens plant material was collected and processed in the month of February. The plant material was extracted by Soxhlet apparatus using methanol solvent. Two strains of S. mutans and two strains of S. sobrinus were isolated from dental caries-active participants and cultured on mitis salivarius-bacitracin agar. The antibacterial susceptibility testing of methanolic extract of R. graveolens was performed by disc diffusion method. The metabolite profile of the plant extract was determined using electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS: The methanolic extract of R. graveolens showed a promising antibacterial activity against S. mutans and S. sobrinus. Two compounds named γ-fagarine and kokusaginine were identified from the methanolic extract of R. graveolens. CONCLUSIONS: The study concluded that R. graveolens contains significant antibacterial activity. However, further investigations are suggested to understand the anticaries properties of these pure compounds.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of the crude extracts of Parkia biglobosa (Jacq) seeds on selected clinical isolates

Bio-Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
AE Ajiboye ◽  
BA Hammed
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Leguminous Plant ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Parkia Biglobosa ◽  
Crude Extracts

Parkia biglobosa (Jacq) is a wild leguminous plant found in North-Central zone of Nigeria with high calorific value, essential proteins, fatty acids, and vitamins. The study investigated the antimicrobial activity of crude extracts of fermented and unfermented P. biglobosa seeds on selected clinical microbial isolates namely, Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. P. biglobosa seeds were obtained from Oja-Oba market in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. The samples were pre-treated and pulverized into powder. The extraction was achieved with acetone and water and qualitative phytochemical analysis was performed following standard procedures. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts against the isolates was determined by agar well diffusion method. Qualitative phytochemical screening of the crude extracts showed the presence of tannins, alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin and glycosides. P. aeruginosa was sensitive to the aqueous extract of fermented seeds having a zone of inhibition of 14.00±1.00mm while for unfermented seeds it was 10.00±2.00 mm at 100 mg/ml. The acetone extracts of both fermented and unfermented seeds revealed antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa with zone of inhibition of 17.00±3.00 mm and 18.00±0.00 mm respectively. In conclusion, the crude extracts of the fermented and unfermented P. biglobosa seeds at a concentration of 75 and 100 mg/ml respectively have antimicrobial effect on the clinical isolates.  

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