scholarly journals Effects of Concurrent and Terminal Visual Feedback on Ankle Co-Contraction in Older Adults during Standing Balance

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 7305
Author(s):  
Rachel V. Vitali ◽  
Vincent J. Barone ◽  
Jamie Ferris ◽  
Leia A. Stirling ◽  
Kathleen H. Sienko
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Surface Electromyography ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Balance Training ◽  
Standing Balance ◽  
Medial Gastrocnemius ◽  
Feedback Type ◽  
Balance Task ◽  
Muscle Pair

This preliminary investigation studied the effects of concurrent and terminal visual feedback during a standing balance task on ankle co-contraction, which was accomplished via surface electromyography of an agonist–antagonist muscle pair (medial gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior muscles). Two complementary mathematical definitions of co-contraction indices captured changes in ankle muscle recruitment and modulation strategies. Nineteen healthy older adults received both feedback types in a randomized order. Following an analysis of co-contraction index reliability as a function of surface electromyography normalization technique, linear mixed-effects regression analyses revealed participants learned or utilized different ankle co-contraction recruitment (i.e., relative muscle pair activity magnitudes) and modulation (i.e., absolute muscle pair activity magnitudes) strategies depending on feedback type and following the cessation of feedback use. Ankle co-contraction modulation increased when concurrent feedback was used and significantly decreased when concurrent feedback was removed. Ankle co-contraction recruitment and modulation did not significantly change when terminal feedback was used or when it was removed. Neither ankle co-contraction recruitment nor modulation was significantly different when concurrent feedback was used compared to when terminal feedback was used. The changes in ankle co-contraction recruitment and modulation were significantly different when concurrent feedback was removed as compared to when terminal feedback was removed. Finally, this study found a significant interaction between feedback type, removal of feedback, and order of use of feedback type. These results have implications for the design of balance training technologies using visual feedback.

scholarly journals Vestibular contribution to balance control in the medial gastrocnemius and soleus

2016 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 1289-1297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Dakin ◽  
Martin E. Héroux ◽  
Billy L. Luu ◽  
John Timothy Inglis ◽  
Jean-Sébastien Blouin
Keyword(s):  
Surface Electromyography ◽  
Balance Control ◽  
Motor Units ◽  
Vestibular Stimulation ◽  
Standing Balance ◽  
Medial Gastrocnemius ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Discharge Behavior ◽  
Balance Corrections ◽  
Biphasic Responses

The soleus (Sol) and medial gastrocnemius (mGas) muscles have different patterns of activity during standing balance and may have distinct functional roles. Using surface electromyography we previously observed larger responses to galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) in the mGas compared with the Sol muscle. However, it is unclear whether this difference is an artifact that reflects limitations associated with surface electromyography recordings or whether a compensatory balance response to a vestibular error signal activates the mGas to a greater extent than the Sol. In the present study, we compared the effect of GVS on the discharge behavior of 9 Sol and 21 mGas motor units from freely standing subjects. In both Sol and mGas motor units, vestibular stimulation induced biphasic responses in measures of discharge timing [11 ± 5.0 (mGas) and 5.6 ± 3.8 (Sol) counts relative to the sham (mean ± SD)], and frequency [0.86 ± 0.6 Hz (mGas), 0.34 ± 0.2 Hz (Sol) change relative to the sham]. Peak-to-trough response amplitudes were significantly larger in the mGas (62% in the probability-based measure and 160% in the frequency-based measure) compared with the Sol (multiple P < 0.05). Our results provide direct evidence that vestibular signals have a larger influence on the discharge activity of motor units in the mGas compared with the Sol. More tentatively, these results indicate the mGas plays a greater role in vestibular-driven balance corrections during standing balance.

scholarly journals Balance Training Reduces Brain Activity during Motor Simulation of a Challenging Balance Task in Older Adults: An fMRI Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Ruffieux ◽  
Audrey Mouthon ◽  
Martin Keller ◽  
Michaël Mouthon ◽  
Jean-Marie Annoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Balance Training ◽  
Motor Simulation ◽  
Balance Task ◽  
Fmri Study

scholarly journals Neuromuscular control of gait stability in older adults is adapted to environmental demands but not improved after standing balance training

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Alizadehsaravi ◽  
Sjoerd M. Bruijn ◽  
Wouter Muijres ◽  
Ruud A.J. Koster ◽  
Jaap H. van Dieën
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Balance Control ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Balance Training ◽  
Neuromuscular Control ◽  
Standing Balance ◽  
Heel Strike ◽  
Gait Stability ◽  
Gait Parameters ◽  
Activation Profile

AbstractBalance training aims to improve balance and transfer acquired skills to real-life tasks and conditions. How older adults adapt gait control to different conditions, and whether these adaptations are altered by balance training remains unclear. We investigated adaptations in neuromuscular control of gait in twenty-two older adults (72.6 ± 4.2 years) between normal (NW) and narrow-base walking (NBW), and the effects of a standing balance training program shown to enhance unipedal balance control in the same participants. At baseline, after one session and after 3-weeks of training, kinematics and EMG of NW and NBW on a treadmill were measured. Gait parameters and temporal activation profiles of five synergies extracted from 11 muscles were compared between time-points and gait conditions. No effects of balance training or interactions between training and walking condition on gait parameters or synergies were found. Trunk center of mass (CoM) displacement and velocity (vCoM), and the local divergence exponent (LDE), were lower in NBW compared to NW. For synergies associated with stance of the non-dominant leg and weight acceptance of the dominant leg, full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the activation profiles was smaller in NBW compared to NW. For the synergy associated with non-dominant heel strike, FWHM was greater in NBW compared to NW. The Center of Activation (CoA) of the activation profile associated with dominant leg stance occurred earlier in NBW compared to NW. CoAs of activation profile associated with non-dominant stance and non-dominant and dominant heel strikes were delayed in NBW compared to NW. The adaptations of synergies to NBW can be interpreted as related to a more cautious weight transfer to the new stance leg and enhanced control over CoM movement in the stance phase. However, control of mediolateral gait stability and these adaptations were not affected by balance training.

An Older Adult Study of Concurrent Visual Feedback in Learning Continuous Balance

2018 ◽  
Vol 125 (6) ◽  
pp. 1160-1172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff E. Goodwin ◽  
Noreen L. Goggin
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Knowledge Of Results ◽  
Adult Study ◽  
Retention Testing ◽  
Balance Task ◽  
Guidance Theory ◽  
Circular Platform ◽  
Anterior Posterior

This investigation manipulated concurrent visual feedback for older adults learning to perform a continuous balance task. We randomly assigned 21 older adults to one of three knowledge of results (KR) groups with varying concurrent but always 100% terminal feedback percentages during acquisition: 100% Concurrent and Terminal (100% C&T), 50% Concurrent and 100% Terminal (50% C & 100% T), and 0% Concurrent and 100% Terminal (0% C & 100% T). The continuous balance task involved learning to maintain balance on a circular platform that moved simultaneously on both anterior/posterior and medial/lateral axes. We tested participants before acquisition phase learning and two days afterwards (retention test). At retention testing, participants in the 50% C & 100% T and those in the 0% C & 100% T conditions demonstrated significantly greater accuracy and stability than did participants in the 100% C&T condition. These findings extend previous research with young adults in supporting the guidance theory that too frequent a provision of concurrent knowledge of results negatively affects learning.

scholarly journals Interactive balance training integrating sensor-based visual feedback of movement performance: a pilot study in older adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Schwenk ◽  
Gurtej S Grewal ◽  
Bahareh Honarvar ◽  
Stefanie Schwenk ◽  
Jane Mohler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Balance Training ◽  
Movement Performance

A Novel Device to Preserve Physical Activities of Daily Living in Healthy Older People

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 569-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfram Haslinger ◽  
Lisa Müller ◽  
Nejc Sarabon ◽  
Christian Raschner ◽  
Helmut Kern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Balance Training ◽  
Primary Outcome Measure ◽  
Secondary Outcome

Objective:To determine the effectiveness of exercise in improving sensorimotor function and functional performance, crucial parts of activities of daily living in healthy older adults.Design:RCT.Setting:Laboratory.Participants:39 subjects (M = 71.8 years, range: 61–89 years).Intervention:Task-oriented visual feedback balance training.Primary outcome measure:Timed Up & Go (TUG).Secondary outcome measures:Chair stand test (CST), self-paced walk test, maximum isometric torque, quiet stand posturography, and dynamic balance (DB).Results:Postintervention comparison of the treatment group (TG) and control group (CG) showed better TUG (p < .01), CST (p < .001), and DB (p < .025) for the TG. Pre–post intervention comparison of the TG showed better clinically-relevant outcomes in TUG (p < .001), CST (p < .001), and DB (p < .001).Conclusion:Active driven visual feedback balance training is effective in improving functional performance and dynamic balance in older adults.

The Impact of Visual Feedback Type on the Mastery of Visuo-Motor Transformations

2012 ◽  
Vol 220 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Sülzenbrück
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Motor Planning ◽  
Visual Input ◽  
Closed Loop Control ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Feedback Type ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
The Impact

For the effective use of modern tools, the inherent visuo-motor transformation needs to be mastered. The successful adjustment to and learning of these transformations crucially depends on practice conditions, particularly on the type of visual feedback during practice. Here, a review about empirical research exploring the influence of continuous and terminal visual feedback during practice on the mastery of visuo-motor transformations is provided. Two studies investigating the impact of the type of visual feedback on either direction-dependent visuo-motor gains or the complex visuo-motor transformation of a virtual two-sided lever are presented in more detail. The findings of these studies indicate that the continuous availability of visual feedback supports performance when closed-loop control is possible, but impairs performance when visual input is no longer available. Different approaches to explain these performance differences due to the type of visual feedback during practice are considered. For example, these differences could reflect a process of re-optimization of motor planning in a novel environment or represent effects of the specificity of practice. Furthermore, differences in the allocation of attention during movements with terminal and continuous visual feedback could account for the observed differences.

scholarly journals Promoting Generalized Learning in Balance Recovery Interventions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 402
Author(s):  
Sara A. Harper ◽  
Anne Z. Beethe ◽  
Christopher J. Dakin ◽  
David A. E. Bolton
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Motor Learning ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Balance Training ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Specific Training ◽  
Balance Recovery ◽  
Parallel Streams ◽  
Postural Perturbations ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Recent studies have shown balance recovery can be enhanced via task-specific training, referred to as perturbation-based balance training (PBT). These interventions rely on principles of motor learning where repeated exposure to task-relevant postural perturbations results in more effective compensatory balance responses. Evidence indicates that compensatory responses trained using PBT can be retained for many months and can lead to a reduction in falls in community-dwelling older adults. A notable shortcoming with PBT is that it does not transfer well to similar but contextually different scenarios (e.g., falling sideways versus a forward trip). Given that it is not feasible to train all conditions in which someone could fall, this limited transfer presents a conundrum; namely, how do we best use PBT to appropriately equip people to deal with the enormous variety of fall-inducing scenarios encountered in daily life? In this perspective article, we draw from fields of research that explore how general learning can be promoted. From this, we propose a series of methods, gleaned from parallel streams of research, to inform and hopefully optimize this emerging field where people receive training to specifically improve their balance reactions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document